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September 1992 ^"^^ 

Vol 63 No. 9 


37 VFX DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR 

Use this voice effects processor to change the pitch of your voice 
and to create special effects, 
Craig Borax and David Beck 

71 SLOPING VEE ANTENNA 

A low- cost boost for your shortwave or ham transmissions. 
Richard A« Formata 

79 ATV LINEAR AMPLIFIER 

Our low-noise downconverter lets you receive amateur TV signals on 
a standard TVf 

William Sheets and Rudolf F. Graf 


The556 
Timer 


I ^^^^ I?. 


PAGE 58 


53 NOT WORKING TO NETWORKING 

Baste and advanced equipment for troubleshooting local-area 
networks. 
Gary McCIellan 


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58 THE 555: A VERSATILE TIMER 

Learn how to use the 555 in practical timer applications 
Ray M. Marston 


PAGE 79 


■ ']H'j;^;^y;,iH:yih- 


8 VIDEO NEWS 

What's new in this fast- 
changing field. 
David Lachenbruch 

22 EQUIPMENT REPORT 

Beckman Industrial DM10XL 
□MM 

85 HARDWARE HACKER 

Apple's PhotoGrade, and 
more, 

Don Lancaster 


92 AUDIO UPDATE 

Form at future shock 
Larry Klein 

95 DRAWING BOARD 

Video scrambling. 
Robert Grossblatt 

97 COMPUTER 
CONNECTIONS 

The Cheshire Cat, multimedia, 
and vision, 
Jeff Holtzman 


110 Advertising and Sales 
Offices 

110 Advertising Index 

101 Buyer*s Market 

4 Editorial 

16 Letters 

33 New Lit 

24 New Prodycts 

12 Q&A 

6 What's News 


ON THE COVER 


S3 

I 


z 

8 

C 

B 
I 


One of the latest electron fc buzz- 
words is "digital signal processing" 
or DSR We're not surprised to liear 
so much talk about it DSP ts being 
used in everything from compact 
disc players^ to weather satellites, 
to the retrieval of photographs from 
NASA space missions. If you're curi- 
ous about DSP technology, turn to 
page 37, Our VFX Digital Processors 
lets you take a hands-on approach to 
an exciting new technology, and 
have some fun while you're at it. The 
VFX (voice effects) processor uses 
DSP techniques to alter the pitch of 
your voice, or to produce reverb and 
echo effects. It's much less expen- 
sive than any commercially avail- 
able DSP product, and you'll learn 
about the technology as you build 
and use it. 


I 


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EDITORIAL 


NOW'S THE TIME 


Now, according to Webster's New World Dictionary, means "at the 
present time; at this moment;' Electronics Now is just what its 
name implies: a compilation of what is happening in electronics at 
this moment! 


Electronics Now brings you the latest news, the newest products, 
the most useful training, the most exciting projects, the newest 
how-to information. We help you learn how it works, how to keep it 
working, and, of course, how to make your own. We even show 
you what may happen tomorrow. 

Above all else, we remain yoar electronics magazine. We know 
that the great majority (89%) of you earn your living in electronics. 
But you are the engineers and technicians to whom being an 
electronics professional is more than just a job. In your spare 
time — your leisure time — your personal time — you still want to 
know and learn more about electronics. 


You want to know how Caller ID works. You want to know how 
digital audio tape compares to digital compact cassettes. You need 
to know about cellular telephone services and the personal 
communication networks of tomorrow. You need to know what 
microprocessor your next computer will have. You have to know 
what the next generation IC's will be like. 

Bringing you information on those and other subjects is our forte. 
We work and strive to stay on top, to learn, to explore, and follow 
late-breaking developments in electronics. And we do it now! 
That's where our new name — Electronics Now — comes from. 
That's what we bring to you — today and tomorrow— 
Eleotronics Now! 


Stay with us as we evolve and grow to meet the ever growing 
challenge of the electronics revolution. Stay with us as we continue 
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Larry Steckier. EHF/CET 
Editor-in-Chief and Publisher 


4 L 


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WHATS NEWS 


A review of the latest happenings in electronics. 


WoHd*s smallest hard-disk 
drive 

Hewlett-Rackard Company intro^ 
duced the world's smallest hard- 
disk drive in June, Its L3-inch Kitty- 
hawk Personal Storage Module can 
store up to 21 .4 megabytes of data 
Cformatled). The introduction of the 
matchbox-size drive by HP, not 
known for its expertise in that tech- 
nology seems to assure continued 
life for rotating disk memories, HP's 
development makes it highly un- 
likely that disk drives will be driven 
out of the market by semiconductor 
memory modules in the forseeable 
future. 

The drive was developed for 
palmtop, pen-based and sub note- 
book-size computers whose man- 
ufacturers are continually seeking 
component size, weight, and power 
reductions. The disk drive package 
measures 0.4 inch x 2 inches x 
1,44 inches, and it weighs about 
one ounce. The platters rotate at 
5400 rpm, and average seek time is 
less than 18 milliseconds. 

HP says the drive — which will be 
priced at $250 in high volume^s 
far more resistant to shock than the 
t. 8-inch and 2.4*inch drives now 
available. In addition to applications 
in existing products. HP predicts 
that Kittyhawk will find a place in 
such future pfoducts as printers, fax 
machines, medical equipment, 
communications gear, and digital 
imagers. Company officials even 
see a place for it in consumer video- 
game cartridges and as data stor- 
age media for cellular telephones 
and digital copiers. 

The sub-mini disk drive was de- 
veloped in cooperation with several 
companies including AT&T Micro- 
electronics (Berkeley Heights, NJ) 
and Citizen Watch Co., Ltd., of 
Japan. Working with AT&T Micro- 
electronics. HP was able to reduce 
the 20 to 30 10 s typical of most of 
todays T8- and 2.5-inch drives to 
just seven. 

According to HR the cost of 
semiconductor memory equivalent 


HEWLETT-WICKARD S 1.3-INCH DRIVE 
shown here actual size^ 

to the capacity of the Kittyhawk is 
about five times the price of the 
drive — and that is befoiB the learn- 
ing curve price reductions have 
taken effect. Twenty megabytes of 
semiconductor memory now has an 
OEM price of about $1000 ($50 per 
Mbyte): by comparison, at Kit- 
tyhawks present OEM prices, the 
cost of memory is $12 per Mbyte. 

The drive module stores data like 
a standard Winchester drive, and it 
connects with a Personal Computer 
Memory Card International Associ- 
ation (PCMCIA) or standard AT in- 
terface. The 2T4-Mbyte drive has 
two platters and three heads. The 
modules contain a sensor that de- 
tects impact and causes them to 
shift to a self-protective mode to 
preserve data. 

Advanced MR I technique 

Advanced magnetic resonance 
imaging (MRI) now permits the 
measurement of the flexibility of 
blood vessels, a key predictor of 
heart disease. Scientists at GE Re- 
search and Development Center 
(Schenectady. NY), working closely 
with researchers from the Imperial 
College of Science, Technology, 
and Medicine (London, U.K). have 
developed a non-invasive technique 


based on MRI technology that si- 
multaneously determines blood- 
flow velocities at different points 
along a blood vessel 

The measurements obtained can 
then be used to calculate the speed 
at which a pressure pulse travels 
away from the heart and down a 
vessel after the heart contracts. 
Those wave propagation speeds 
permit the computation of vessel- 
wall flexibility, a factor in the deter- 
mination of the presence of dis- 
eases such as atherosclerosis- 

GE's MRI technique is expected 
to be able to follow changes in 
blood-vessel flexibility as people 
age or as diseases develop. Be- 
cause it relies on MRI angiogra* 
phy.there is no need to insert a 
pressure transducer on the end of a 
catheter that must be snaked 
through the arteries, a potentially 
dangerous invasive process. 


A BLOOD-FLOW VELOCITY 
measurernent made with an MR! 
imaging technique is studied by GE 
scicfitists Charles Diimoulin and 
Robert Darrow. 

In MRI inspection of internal 
organs and tissues is done with a 
combination of powerful magnetic 
field, radio-frequency emissions 
and computer computation. A su- 
perconducting magnet within the 
barrel-shaped MRI equipment can 
produce a t.5 Tesia field within its 
one-meter bore where the patient is 
located. 

The patient within the bore is 
continued on page 21 


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VIDEO NEWS 


What's new in the fast-changing video ir 


^DAVI^ACHEMBRllCl^^l 


• Flat panels for HDTV. There s 
stili no substitute for the CRT when 
it comes to large-screen resolution* 
but that doesn't mean that de- 
velopers amund the world aren't still 
trying to find that elusive giant pic- 
ture on the wall for HDTV. Two 
promising developments recently 
surfaced in Japan. 

Flat plasma display. The pres- 
tigious Japan Bnoadcasting Corpo- 
ration CNHK), Japan s public-televi- 
sion bfoadcasten recently held an 
impressive progress-report demon- 
stration of a thin glass sandwich 
HDTV plasma display panel that it 
says could be commercialized as 
soon as 1997. The system is being 
developed as a joint effort with Mat- 
sushita CFanasonic), NEC. Oki Elec- 
tric» and Dai Nippon Printing. Texas 
Instruments has a contract to de- 
velop semiconductors for the sys- 
tem, NHK is now demonstrating a 
working model HDTV display panel 
with a 1 6:9 widescreen aspect ratio, 
the model is three inches thick and 
weighs less than 18 pounds. 

NHK concedes that there s more 
work to do, but thinks the answers 
to the remaining problems are In 
sight. The screen has 1344 display 
cells horizontally and 800 vertically, 
for a resolution of 1,075,000 pixels, 
but it still falls short of the neces- 
sary brightness and life for a con- 
sumer display. The final version will 
have smaller ceil size. NHK is prom- 
ising to show a 55-inch working prc*- 
totype next year. 

feiTD&lectric LCD. Working with 
a technology that others have re- 
jected. Canon of Japan believes 
that it has found the solution to the 
need for giant thin color screens 
with no flicker and with a wide dis- 
play angle for digital HDTV. While 
others work with the frustratingly 
difficult problems of active matrix 
LCD's, Canon has chosen to gam- 
ble on ferroelectric LCD CFELCD), a 
technology known since 1974. Can* 
on is already planning to build sev- 
eral plants to mass-produce con- 
sumer HDTV panels. 


Canon scientists believe that 
there is no theorettcal limit to the 
srze of FELCD screens. FELCD ma- 
terial differs from active matrix UCD 
transistors in that it's bi-stable — it 
can only be switched off or on. 
Once switched on, an FELCD mole- 
cule remains on until turned off, and 
vice versa. That would make it ide- 
alfy suited to digital TV transmission 
tf the problem of color rendition and 
gray scale could be solved- Canon 
says it has done this by calling on its 
work in black-and-white and color 
printers. 

Canon says that it will start mak* 
ing computer monitors using the 
FELCD materia! next year moving 
to color in 1994, The company al- 
ready has displayed a still color 
screen with nearly HDTV resolu- 
tion — four times better than com- 
puter VGA color CFTT monitors. The 
planned 15*inch computer display 
has a resolution of 1280 x 1024 pix- 
els, and the proposed 16:9 HDTV 
display is scheduled to have 1920 
pixels in each of 1152 horizontal 
lines. 

• Widescreen sets in the U.S. 

Thomson Consumer Electronics 
continues to dole out information 
about its widescreen 16:9 aspect 
ratio TV sets just a little at a time. 
The first sets, due out late this year 
under the RCA and PnDScan labels, 
will have 34-inch picture tubes made 
in Thomson s tube plant in Italy. The 
company is shooting for a price of 
$4000-55000 for the first sets, 
less than the price tags for Thom- 
son widescreen sets that are al- 
ready available in Europe. However, 
Thomson plans to start manufactur- 
ing widescreen tubes in the U.S, in 
1994. and its goal for that time is a 
34 -inch widescreen set at about the 
price of todays 35-inch standard as- 
pect ration C4:3) sets, which now 
start at less than $2000. In addition 
to the 34-inch direct-view set, 
Thomson plans to offer widescreen 
projection sets in larger sizes begin- 
ning next year. 


• Hughes-JVC projection 

pact. Hughes Aircraft, which has 
manufactured multi-million dollar 
video projectors for the Pentagon, 
is gearing up for civilian production, 
Hughes has been seeking a con- 
sumer^electronics partner to de- 
velop a consumer version of its 
liquid-crystal lightvalve CLCLV) pnDj- 
ection system- It finally found that 
partner in Japan s JVC. Hughes- 
JVC Technology Corp., 60% owned 
by Hughes and 40% by JVC, will 
develop consumer and commercial 
versions of LCLV projectors. The 
system combines a high-resolution 
CFfT for image generation with sep- 
arate LCD panels and an external 
light source to provide a very bright 
picture with high resolution. It is a 
candidate for future giant-screen 
HDTV projection sets. 

This fall, Hughes-JVC will market 
professional models already de* 
veloped by Hughes, priced from 
38000 to more than a million dol* 
lars: consumer versions will cost 
from $2000 to $7000. JVC will 
manufacture consumer projectors 
and key components in Japan, and 
will distribute LCLV projectors 
woHdwide through its sales net- 
work. Hughes said that HDTV nsso- 
lution has been achieved with LCLV 
projectors, and 35mm-fitm resolu- 
tion is the next target it will be 
shooting for 

• Smin video decks here. The 

success of the 8mm video format in 
camcorders must be followed by 
decks for showing and editing home 
videos. Sony was the only source 
8mm decks, but two others have 
appeared. The compact decks with 
hi-fi stereo sound, which carry the 
RCA and Samsung brand names, 
are expected to sell for about $499. 
They're both made by Korea's Sam- 
sung. In the future is a dual -well 
8mm/VHS deck to transfer 8mm 
videos to VHS cassettes and for 
editing home videos. Go- Video has 
already shown a prototype model, 
due next year R-E 


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11 


Q&A 


Write toQ&A, Electronics Now, 500-B Bi-County Blvd, Farmingdale, NY 11735 


DOUBLE AND HIGH DENSITY 

Is there any truth to the rumor 
I've heard that the only dif- 
ference between SVz-inch dou- 
ble- and high-density disks is 
the extra hole In the corner of 
the plastic package? Just about 
everybody I know buys the dou- 
ble-density variety and then 
punches a hole in the plastic 
case to turn the disks into high- 
density ones* r ve done it myself 
and can*t see any difference be- 
tween these disks and the ones 
with ''HD" stamped on them, — R 
Fdeg, Frish, CA 

This is one of those limes when I 
have to say that your guess is as 
good as mine. I've done the same 
thing to double-density disks and 
have never had a problem either 1 
know people who swear they're dif- 
fenent but Tve never had a practical 
example of it. 

I remember reading a long de- 
scription of the chemical difference 
in the media but it seems to have 
made little impression on me since 
alt I remember is that the article was 
long and technical — the details have 
disappeared completely from my 
mind. 

FnDm a practical point of view, I've 
had more trouble with "real" high- 
density 3y?-inch disks than with the 
ones I've punched or drilled into ex- 
istence. This is just as true For 
name- brand disks as it is for the 
generic (and cheaper) variety. 

Just about the only piece of hard 
information I have for you is the feet 
^ that some older high-density 3/2- 
^ inch disk drives don't have the LED 
^ and sensor setup to look for the 
I extra hole. Those drives are usually 
found on the older PS2 computers 
, from IBM. 

J I know that this letter— and the 
g answer — wilt spark a host of mail 
c from people who are into disk media 
^ chemistry. That may be a good thing 
□ because this rumor about S^/i-tnch 
disks has been floating around 
12 since the high-density variety first 


FIG.l— A SECOND HOLE INDICATES 
that a disk is high-density. 


came on the market. If people out 
there really have the answer, and the 
credentials to back il up. I look for- 
ward to hearing from them and I'll be 
sure to pass the "neal" information 
along, 

THE APPLE FAMILY 
Vm thinking about buying a 
used Apple lie for my son since 
there are some good buys 
around, but Tm not sure about 
the difference between these 
computers and the other mem- 
bers of the Apple family. Also, 
Td like to know if I can use my 
color TV for a monitor or will 
everything be unreadable? — S. 
Gibbs, Redondo Beach, CA 

Apple isni what Apple once was. 
It s sad but true that while Apple 
made a lot of money with the Apple 
II series by saturation selling in the 
educational market (mostly grade 
schools), they seenned to have 
shifted their corporate focus to the 
Macintosh. While there are some 
similarities between all the mem- 
bers of the Apple II family, they are a 
completely different breed fitim the 
Macintosh. 

Once upon a time, Apple II com- 
puters were targeted mostly at the 
schools and the Macintoshes were 
aimed at the graphic arts, but this 
seems to have changed. Apple has 
reduced the amount of corporate 
resources devoted to the Apple II 
and has been touting the Macintosh 


as an alternative to IBM compati- 
bles in the business worid. 

To answer your first question 
more specifically, there s a big dif- 
ference between the Apple lie and 
the Apple ligs. The "e" stands for 
'^enhanced" to highlight the dif- 
ference between it and the older 
Apple !l+ it replaced. The '*gs*' 
stands for "graphics/sound" and is 
a way of emphasizing the difference 
between it and the older Apple lie 
you're thinking of buying. 

While the Apple llgs can run a lot 
of the software written for the Apple 
lie, the reverse isn t true at all The 
hardware is very different and so are 
the capabilities of the two ma- 
chines. If you have some specific 
software in mind, a used Apple lie 
can be a good buy but, if you're sold 
on the idea of having one of the 
Apple II series of computers, spring 
for the extra bucks and hunt up a 
used Apple llgs. 

it may interest you to know that 
friends of mine who teach the com- 
puter courses in grade schools tell 
me that it's getting harder and hard- 
er to find new software for the Apple 
11 computers^ — even for the top of 
the line Apple llgs. You should 
check with people in the schools 
near you and find out for yourself 
since even the world s greatest 
computer isn't worth anything if the 
larger software companies are with- 
drawing their support. Remember 
these people are market driven and 
they may know something we don*t. 
It s not always wise to rely com- 
pletely on the advice of the sales- 
men in the Apple stores. They make 
their money selling computers, not 
writing the softv^ne that will run on 
them. 

As far as using a TV is concerned, 
it might be OK for games but if you 
want to do anything morB serious, 
you'll find it entirely unsuitable. You 
might save some money by not buy- 
ing a real monitor but it s a safe bet 
that all those savings will go into eye 
exams and new glasses. 


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VIDEO ICS 

l*m interested in building 
some video devices but Tm hav- 
ing a hard time locating the lC*s 
that are best suited to the cir- 
cults I have in mind. Do you have 
any supplier that specializes in 
carrying these chips? — M. 
Brown, London, UK 

I sympathrze with you because 
I've frequently run into the same 
problem myself. It's a hard and fast 
rule that the more specialized the 
IC, the harder it is to find — es- 
pecially in single quantities and with* 
out having to meet any minimum 
order 

The best place to begin your hunt 
for these parts is with the very peo- 
ple who make thenn — the IC man* 
ufacturers. If you're lucky, you'll be 
able to get some freebie "engineer- 
ing samples ' from them. This is only 
true if you get the right person on 
the phone and you identify yourself 
in such a way as to let them think it*s 
worth their while to send you the 
stuff you want. 

Remember, they're in the busi- 
ness of making chips for safe and if 
they believe that a small sample now 
can lead to a large order later on. 
you'll get what you need. 

A second line of approach is to 
find out who their distributors are in 
your area and trying the same Irne 
with them. Your chances aren't as 
good with a distributor, but you nev- 
er know. The salesperson might let 
you pay for a few parts Cand ship- 
ping), without having to meet their 
minimum order quantity. 

The last alternative — although 
you might not like it — is to fill out the 
minimum order by stocking up on 
parts you'll be able to use later on. 
This means stuff that may be 
needed for something else you have 
in mind but don't intend to actually 
start for a while. 

Getting anything in single quan- 
tities is the hardest thing an experi- 
menter can do> There are. however, 
suppliers who stock a wide variety 
of components and low or no mini- 
mum orders. 

SPEEDING CURSOR 
I recently upgraded from my 
old XT computerand got a much 
faster 386SX that runs at 20 
MHz. Everything runs much 


faster now, but I find that the cur- 
sor speed hasn't changed 
much. Is there anything I can do 
about this because speeding up 
the cursor will make my new 
computer seem to run even fast- 
er— B, Geoff, Fischer, IN 

Although your expectations 
haven't quite been met. I guarantee 
that making such a major change in 
your computer horsepower has also 
made a change in the speed of your 
cursor. The reason you haven't seen 
as much of a change as you would 
like is simply that the speed of the 
cursor is dependent on three sepa* 
rale factors: 

• Basic computer speed 

• Basic video speed 

• Basic k^fboard speed 

and all you've done is changed one 
of these factors. 

Now that you have a computer 
that runs at a furious rate of speed, 
the cursor speed is being limited by 
the speed of either your video 
adapter or your keyboard — which- 
ever is less. 

Remember that when the key- 
board sends an instruction to move 
the cursor, the computer tells the 
video adapter to do it. The comput- 
er does its part of the job pretty 
quickly, but the other two compo* 
nents operate much more slowly— 
particulariy the keyboard. 

However, it s a good thing that the 
keyboard is the slowest component 
because the keyboard repeat rate 
can be changed with software. 
CThere isn't much you can do about 
the speed of your video adapter 
short of spending a lot of money for 
fast video card.) 

There are several public domain 
programs (and some commercial 
ones as well) for changing the key- 
t>oard repeal rate, but all of them 
have one slight disadvantage: Ih^ 
steal a certain amount, however Ill- 
lie, of valuable memory. That can be 
a really big pnDblem. 

The answer is a small public do- 
main program called FASTCOM 
that cuts the keyboard repeat delay 
to a bare minimum. I've been using it 
for several years without any trou* 
ble. and 1 run it automatically every 
time I turn on my computer I've put 
it on the RE-BBS C5 16-293-2283. 
1200/2400, 8N1) so you can down- 
load it and see if it works. R-E 


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LETTERS 


Write to Letters, Electronics Now, SOO-B Bi-County Blvd, Farmingdale, NY 11735 


SOUD-STATE RELAY UPDATE 

Regarding the article, "Solid- 
State Refay'^ CRadio-Elec- 
tronics. May 1992). a very impor- 
tant feature is the zero -current 
switch-off characteristic inherent In 
the triac. 

The intenxipti'on of the circurt at 
the instant the current is zero avoids 
voltage spikes that could be pro- 
duced by the stored energy CD in 
the distributed inductance of the 
power line and leakage inductance 
of the mains (line) transformer CD if 
the current is suddenly intenrupted 
at a non-zero value, as occurs with 
nnechanical contact breakers. As 
we know, E = Vz Li^. At the instant 
the current crosses zero, the stored 
energy is also zero. 

These voltage transients, which 
are caused by switching heavy cur- 
rents, are often the reason for feiluie 
of electronic equipment connected 
to the same line. The solid-state re- 
lay prevents such damage. 
LEO BATISTA 

Professor of Electric Automation 
University of Sao F^uto 
Sao Paulo, Brazil 

A REAL HUM-DIMGER 

I appreciated the response to the 
60-hertz hum question that ap- 
peared in Ask R-E in the June issue 
of Radio-Electronics. I had the 
same problem with my speaker sys- 
tenri. I took your advice » and my 
problems were sotved. Thanks! 
JEFF FRUSCELLA 
fOnland OH 

1 ANOTHER HUM STOPPER 

% I enjoy reading Ask R-E each 

§ month. The 60-hertz hum problem 

S- described in the June issue could 

^ be caused by a ground loop. When 

J components of a stereo system 

g that are connected by patch cords 

c receive their power from different 

1 120-volt receptacles, a ground loop 

S can be formed by a small amount of 
alternating current flowing in the 

16 shield of a shielded patch cord. That 


current flow is caused by a small 
potential difference in the neutral 
conductor wiring in a building "s 120- 
voft circuits. 

There is help for this type of hum 
problem. Radio Shack has a stereo 
ground-loop isolator. No. 270-054, 
which is a patch cord with two audio 
isolation transformers included. 
Those transformers break the 
ground-loop circuit, thereby stop- 
ping the current flow that causes the 
hum. 

The ground loop isolator is listed 
on page 60 of Radio Shacks 1992 
catalog in the automotive section. It 
can be used in line-level circuits of 
any audio equipment. I have suc- 
cessfully used this device in audio 
component hookups. 
JACK P. SONNEMAN 
Fayetteville, OH 

ROSICRUCIANS, ALIVE AND WELL 

I am writing in response to the 
item in Ask R*E CRadio-Elec- 
tronics. June 1992) about fhA an- 
tennas that use household wiring. 
Perhaps they have disappeared, 
which is fine by me, but Rosicru- 
cians CAMORC) haven't. I sub- 
scribe to Radio-Electroitics and 
have done so for quite some time. I 
am also a member of the Rosicru- 
cian Order. AMORC. and have been 
a member for just as long* if not 
longer 

Until the time comes when 1 no 
longer receive the valued informa* 
tion that I do from both Radio- 
Electronics and AMORC. I will be 
affiliated with both. Your questions 
are welcome. 
CHARLES R. BAILEY 
2123 Grand St. N.E 
Minneapolis, MN 55418 

TURN-SIGNAL AMPLIRER 

Regarding the request from W. 
Baker in Ask R-E (Radio-Elec- 
tronics. April 1992) for a turn-sig- 
nal ampliher, I have designed a 
simple, low-cost device that is in- 
tended to solve that problem. 


The prciduct requires no wiring in 
any vehicle, be it a bus, truck, or 
automobile, and operates with a 
lime del^. A 2800-Hz beep is gen* 
erated after a f ixed-time delay and is 
repeated at this same delay for as 
long as the tum^signal switch is on. 
For example, when the tum-srgnal 
switch is selected to indicate a tum, 
45 seconds later if the selector 
switch is still on. a 2800'Hz beep is 
emitted. The beep is repeated 45 
seconds later, and will keep occur- 
ring at 45-second intervals for as 
long as the turn signal remains on. 
The time delay can be designed for 
any value. Most customers will like- 
ly prefer a 60-second delay, but 
there will be SO-second and 45-sec* 
ond delays available, or any other 
that the market might desire. Two 
volumes of sound are selectable by 
a slide switch. 

The product is simply installed in 
any vehicle in less than two min- 
utes, and will be available from my 
company for less than $20 starting 
in December 1992. 
ALBERT R GREGORY 
A.C. Technologies 
27211 El Pico Lane 
Sun City CA 92486 

TURN-SIGNAL AMPLIFIER 

In April's Ask R-E. your response 
to W. Baker's request for a turn sig- 
nal amplifier — to purchase and add 
a chime — is expensive and gives an 
undesirable indication. The "chime" 
is not something most people want 
to hear every time their tum-signal 
lamps flash. Here are two other 
practical solutions. 

Wagner Lighting now markets a 
fully solid-state, two-terminal auto- 
motive flasher. One specification 
that has been an issue since the 
project started is the audio output, 
since there is no bimetallic blade or 
relay to make the sound. An audio 
transducer was added to generate 
the familiar click that drivers associ- 
ate with flashers. 

Because a solid-state flasher re- 


TheDMMour 
custDmers designed. ^ 


Before we built the new generaUon [ieckninn 
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Meter True RMS measurements. Iniemiittenl 
Detection, 50ns Pulse Derection, and Peak 
Mmurement cafmbiliiies. Plus, ihe Series 2(*()() 
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recording and relative modes. 

You want a DMM ihai s easier to use. The 
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1 


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11ie Beckman Industrial Series 2000, priced 
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quires an external audio transducer. 
Wagner s new flasher has incorpo- 
rated an attention timer that beeps 
for eight flashes after a delay of 
about three minutes. Beeps alert 
the dhver that his turn signal flasher 
has been left on. Because this flash- 
er has two terminals, it can replace 
any existing automotive turn-signal 
flasher. 

Another way to get the drivers 
attention is by rnaking the click loud- 
er. A capacitor In series with a 
speaker across the load and battery 
terminal of the flasher will create a 
click at every lamp on/off transition. 
When the flasher turns the lamps 
on. a voltage spike will dissipate 
through the speaker and create a 
"click." The same thing will happen 
when the flasher turns the lamps off. 
The larger the capacitor and speak- 
er the louder the click. A value of 47 
microfarads works well with a 
inch speaker 

I've enjoyed Radio-Elec- 
tronics for years and use it to keep 
my design and practical skills up to 
date. Keep up the good work. 


TIMOTHY W BROOKS 
Senior Design Engineer 
Wagner Ughting 
Sevierville. TN 

TV AND X RAYS 

I'm writing in regard to the item 
about TV and X-rays that appeared 
in Video News (Radio-Elec- 
tronics. June 1992X Tm aware that 
the changes in modern-day TV 
sets — including solid-state circuitry 
and redesigned shielded CRT's — 
probably make them safer to be 
near than ever 

However. I'm also aware that 
many manufacturers design their 
products very close to the product 
safety guidelines as a matter of cost 
containment. Many individuals, in- 
cluding office workers, children who 
play video games, and students 
may spend considerable time in 
close proximity to CRT's — either in 
TV sets or computer terminals. That 
doesn't even take into account the 
increasing time that many children 
spend watching TV, 

In the auto industry, we are buying 


safety in the form of redesigned car 
bodies, safety restraints, air bags, 
safety glass, anti-lock brakes, and 
making sure that we crash-proof 
this and that. 

1 agree that we must not hamper 
the electronics industry but at the 
same time. I believe that we must do 
more to safeguard people against 
radiation, which is both invisible and 
harmful. 

DONALD HANG 
North Canton. OH 

SNOOPER STOPPER 
SUGGESTION 

The article "The Snooper Stop- 
per'* (Radto-Electronics. April 
1992) was very interesting. But if a 
person is only interested in protect- 
ing his cable box from the bullet and 
ID signal, then why not use an FM- 
trap, which is available from Radio 
Shack (Cat. No. 15-577) for $3.69? 
That would save about $20 com- 
pared to the cost of your project, 
and it needs no adjusting. 
MATT STANTON 

Shrewsbury. MA R*E 


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WHAFS NEWS 

continued from page 6 

probed with high-frequency radio 
signals. Those signals, under the in- 
fluence of the magnetic field. *'ex- 
cite' the nuclei of the hydrogen 
atoms concentrated in blood and 
body organs, causing them to reso- 
nate. Those resonance signals are 
transmitted to a computer which 
converts them into digital data. 
Computer software reconstructs 
the data into a picture of the object 
being imaged on the computers 
monitor 

A Row encoding procedure that 
distinguishs between resonance 
signals emitted by moving hydrogen 
atoms in the bloodstream and those 
in the stationary organs and struc- 
tures sets GEs MR! angiography 
technique apart. Signals emitted by 
the motionless hydrogen atoms are 
suppressed while those from the 
moving atoms are highlighted. The 
technique can measure and calcu- 
late the flexibility of the aorta and 


various major arteries as weSI as 
most blood vessels. 

To explore the clinical relevance 
of the quantitative measurement 
technique. GE and Imperial College 
researchers will examine how vari- 
ous agents such as nicotine and ni- 
troglycerine alter the flow dynamics 
of blood within a vessel. 

Military technology for law 
enforcement 

In an effort to shed its type cast- 
ing as an exclusive defense 
contractor, the Westinghouse Bee- 
tronics Systems Group (Baltimore, 
MD) has unveiled a shopping list of 
law-enforcement related products 
that it has developed. They are in- 
tended for the war on drugs and are 
expected to make law enforcement 
safer and more effective. Among 
the products and systems are: 
• A vehicle equipped with ad- 
vanced electronics providing an 
automatic communications link to 
criminal and motor-vehicle data 
banks, and still-frame video capture 
and transmission. 


• A multi-sensor surveillance air- 
craft equipped with advanced sen- 
sors, communications, and naviga- 
tion systems for aerial surveillance. 

• A handheld instrument that de- 
tects trace amounts of illicit drugs 
or explosives and displays its find- 
ings. The mstrument does a chemi- 
cal analysis of a card that is passed 
over a suspect container, 

• Software for computer-assisted 
report entry and law enforcement 
management. 

By down-linking the multi-sensor 
aircraft's infrared and radar image to 
a ground base, the aircraft can also 
serve as an airt>ome command cen- 
ter to direct and coordinate ground 
activities The vehicle-integrated 
payload-elevated reconnaissance 
(VIPER) system integrates radar, 
electro^Dptical, communications, 
and computer technologies into a 
mobile target^detection and report- 
ing system intended for border sur- 
veillance. These are commercial 
versions of military systems that the 
company has developed over the 
past five decades. R-E 


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Test and MeasurBment 


EQUIPMENT REPORTS^ 


Beckman Industrial DM1 OXL Digital Multimeter 


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High-quality, innovalive 
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I ultimeter buyers on a bud* 
get have never had it so 
I easy— nor have they ever 
had it so hard. It used to be difficult 
to find a low-cost DMM that was 
fu)l*featured and built with an eye 
toward safety. These days, it's easi- 
er than ever to find such meters, but 
it s getting more difficult to choose 
ffom among them. The latest crop of 
low-cost high-quality DMM's to hit 
the market are from Beckman In- 
dustrial (Instrumentation Products 
Division, 3883 Ruffin Road. San Di- 
ego, CA 92123.) Beckman's 
DMtSXL, DMfOXL and DM5XL 
range in price from $34.95 to 
$59.95. The DM1 OXL. which we ex- 
amined, costs $44.95. 

The first thing we noticed about 
the DM 1 OXL was its S'/s-digit 
C2000-count) LCD readout. The 
large CO.T-inch) digits are very easy 
to read. We also noticed the meter's 
non-lraditional color — a charcoal- 
gm^ cabinet with green labels and 
accents. Although we certainly 
wouldn't buy a DMM because of its 
color, the people at Beckman say 
they did a lot of market research 
that led them to choose the green 
shade. 

The dimensions of the DM1 OXL 
are roughly 6x3x1% inches, the 
meters face is dominated by a large 
rotary function-selector knob 
roughly in the center The LCD is 
above the knob, and a row of 4 input 
jacks is below it. Along the left front 
edge is what we regard as the units 


most innovative feature: A row of 
LED s give a rough idea of the volt- 
age level at the probes even if the 
meters battery is dead) It's a good 
feature because many DMM users 
are careless about replacing the 
battery when the low-battery annun- 
ciator indicates that it s time to do 
just that. (We assume that's be- 
cause they don't know that a low 
battery can reduce a meters ac- 
curacy tremendousfy. which couid 
result in potentialiy dangerous situa- 
tions.) Beckman calls the feature 
the "Safety Tester'" 

The Safely Tester feature also 
makes sense for someone who 
doesn't use a DMM regularly — a 
home-owner, for example, who oc- 
casionally uses a DMM when work- 
rng on a home-wiring project or 
when doing some work on his car. 
Even when he pulls the meter out of 
his tool box with a dead battery, he'll 
be able to use it for basic, tow-preci- 
sion measurements, because the 
Safely Tester is powered by the volt- 
age being measured, not by the 
DMM's battery. 

Seven LED's indicate the voltage 
being measured: One yellow LED is 
used to indicate a negative voltage 
Cor. in combination with another 
LED. an AC voltage.) A row of six 
red LED s indicates the voltage 
level: the levels indicated are 6. 12, 
24. 50. ItO. and 230 volts. 

The DMM section of the meter 
measures AC volts in two ranges; 
(200 and 740 volts). DC voltage in 


five ranges C200 mV, 2, 20. 200. and 
1000 volts): and resistance in six 
ranges (200, 2K. 20K, 200K, 
200GK, and 20 megohms). A diode- 
test/continuity feature is also avail- 
able. 

The DMtOXL can measure DC 
current over five ranges (200 \iA, 2 
m A. 20 m A 200 m A. and 1 0 A). One 
test lead must be moved for current 
measurement to one of two current 
jacks— -one jack handles current lev- 
els up to 200 milliamps; the second 
handles 10 amperes. Beckman has 
included two important safety fea- 
tures here. First, both current inputs 
are fused to protect both the user 
and the meter. Second, the meter 
will sound a waming tone if you have 
the test leads set up for current 
measurement while the function 
switch is in a voltage-measurement 
range. That's important because try- 
ing to measure a voltage with the 
test leads set for current could 
cause an excessively high current to 
Row. 

Along with the fusing, the 
DM 1 OXL also provides good over- 
load protection on all functions and 
ranges. That's an important safety 
consideration missing from many 
low'cost meters. 

The accuracy specifications of 
the DMWXL are impressive for a 
low-cost meter. DC accuracy is 
rated at ±0.7% + 1 digit; AC ac- 
curacy at ±1% + 4 digits. DC cur- 
rent is rated at ±1% + 1 digit for 
readings in the 200-jxA to 200 mA 
ranges, and at ±2% + 3 digits for 
readings in the lO-amp range. 

The lowest-cost meter in the se- 
ries, the DM5XL does not offer the 
Safety Tester feature and. in gener- 
al, provides lower accuracy and re- 
duced measurement capabilities. 
The DM15XL also lacks the Safety 
Tester, but adds AC current mea- 
surement and a logic-probe mode. 

We were impressed by the con- 
venience and safety features built 
into the $44.95 DMWXL. We rec- 
ommend it highly, R-E 


ELEVEN-PIECE RACKET TOOL KIT 

Includes reversEbte ratchei handle, exiension 
bar. six bits. Pm precision scfewdnverSn and a 
cutter. Comes in fitted case. Get one for your 
shop, another tor your car. another for your 
tool kit. To order send 51175 USA shipping 
only, ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY TODAY 
INC., PO Box 240, Massapequa Park, NY 
11762-0240* 


TUNABLE SOdB NOTCH FILTERS— for TV. 
Can be luned precisely to required frequency. 
Model 23H^Ch"s 2-3 (50-66 Mhz) Model 
46FM-Ch*s 4-6 plus FM (66-t08 Mhz) Model 
713Ch's 7-1 3 (t 74-216 Mhz) Model 141 7-Ch s 
14^17 (120-144 Mhz) Model 1822-Ch^s 18-22 
(144-174 Mhz) $30 each, includes shipping. 
Visa, MC. or check. (CO D. $5 extra). Fast 
delivery, 30 day money back. Quantity prices 
to $16, STAR CIRCUITS, RO. Box 94917, 
Las Vegas, Nevada 89193, l-dOO-535-7827. 


FREE CATALOG! ELECTRONIC TOOLS & 
TEST EQUIPMENT— Jensens new Master 
Gala log, available free, presents major brand 
narrte electronics tools, tool kits, and test in- 
siruments. plus unique, hard-to-find products 
for assembly and repair and custom field ser- 
vice kits available only from Jensen. All fully 
described and illustrated. Enjoy free technical 
support and rapid, post-paid delivery any- 
where in the Continental USA. JENSEN 
TOOLS, INC, 7815 S.46th St., Phoenix, AZ 
85044, Phone; 602-968-6231; FAX 
1 800-366*0662, 
CIRCLE 1 15 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


TWO TRANSMtTTERS IN ONE! 5 MINUTE 
ASSEMBLY! M0J4EYBACK GUARANTEEl 

New Law Enforcement grade device on a 
single ch^p is the most sensflive, powerlul. 
Stable room transmrtter you can buy. Uses 
any 3V-12V battery. Or attach to telephone 
line to monitor all telephone conversations 
over 1 mife away without batteries! lOOmW 
output! 80-130MHZ. Receive on any FM radio 
or wideband scanner. VT-75 miciolransmitter 
$49,95 + 1,50 S&H. VISA, MC, MO. COD'S 
add 54 JO. DECO INDUSTRIES, Box 607, 
Bedford Hills. NY 10507. 1*600*759-5553. 
CIRCLE 127 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


S49S FOR A PROGRAMMABLE DC 
POWER SUPPLY IS NOW A REALITYt 

• GPIB Interface Standard • Output Vbltage/ 
Current Ptog ramming & Readback • Local & 
Remote GPIB Operations • Remote Sense 
Function • Ptogrammable Overvollage and 
Overcurreni Protection • Software Calibra- 
tion * Superior Line/Load Regulation 

• Output Enable/Disable • 3 Year Wan^anty. 
FREE Orientation Video available. For de- 
tails, call: AMERICAN RELIANCE INC, 
800-654-9838 FAXr 818-575-0801. 

CIRCLE 176 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


CALL NOW 
AND 

RESERVE 
YOUR SPACE 


• 6 X rate $940.00 per each insertion. 

• Fast reader service cyde. 

• Short lead time for the placement of 
ads^ 

• We typeset and layout the ad at no 
additional charge. 

Call 516-293-3000 to reserve space. 
Ask tor Arline Fishman. Limited number 
of pages available. Mail materia Is to: 
mini-ADS. ELECTRONICS NOW, 500*B 
Bi-County Blvd.^ Farming date. NY 
11735. 

FAX: 516-293-3115 


APPLIANCE REPAIR MANDB00KS^13 

volumes by service experts; easy-to- 
understand diagrams, illustrations. For major 
appliances (air conditioners, reffigeratorSt 
washers, dryers, microwaves, etc.), elec, 
housewares, personal-care appliances. 
Basics of solid state, setting up shop, test 
instruments^ $2.65 to $5.90 each. Free 
brochure. APPLIANCE SERVICE, PO Box 
789* Lombard, IL G0148, 1-708-932-9550. 
CIRCLE S4 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


CABLE TV CONVERTERS AND DE- 
SCRAMBLERS SB 3. TRI-BL MLD, M35B. 
DRZ*DIC. Call lor catalog and price iisL Spe- 
cial combos available. We ship COD. Quan- 
tity discounts. Call for pricing on other 
products. Dealers wanted. FREE CATALOG, 
We stand behind our products where others 
fail One year warranty. ACE PRODUCTS, 
1-800-234-0726. 

CIRCLE 75 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


NEW PRODUCTS 


Use the Free Information Card for more details on tfiese products. 


Si 
g- 


24 


MACINTOSH DIGITALCIR^ 
CUITS TRAINER. Owners 
and users of a Macintosh 
computer C512ke with Sys- 
tem 4.1 or greater) who 
want to learn more about 
digital electronics can do 
so with Yoeric Softwares 
Mac Breadboard hO. In- 
tended for hobbyists and 
students, the transistor- 
transistor logic CTTU train- 
er was designed to act tike 
the hardware simulators 
used in many digital circuit 
courses. Unlike those sim- 
uletors which are based on 
a schematic approach. 
MacBreadboard provides a 
computer representation 
of a real-world object: the 
student manipulates IC 
chips and conductors, not 
individual gates. 

Students sefect a TIL 
device by number (i.e. 
7400) from a menu, place it 
on the representation of a 
PC board on the MAC 
computers screen, and 
"draw" conductors to con- 
nect the power supply, re- 
sistors, capacitors, switch- 
es and other components 
just as th^ would in putting 
together a lab breadboard. 
According to Yoeric. the 
program permits students 
to simulate their laboratory 


twilc thwt %tAm 


I I 


CIRCLE 16 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


assignments before actu- 
alty doing them. The pro- 
gram is said to be able to 
supplement or be an alter- 
native to a formal course 
on digital circuits. 

MacBreadboard permits 
the student to select from 
among over 30 twD*state 
devices, breadboard, 
power supply wires, LEDs. 
buzzer, seven-segment dis- 
plays, switches, and a logic 
probe. Timing diagrams of 
circuits that have been sim- 
ulated can be displayed 
and printed out. A 
"snapshot" of the bread- 
board can also be printed. 
Integrated circuit sche- 


matics can be displayed by 
double-clicking on the sym- 
bol of a device. The pro- 
gram runs in color, gray 
scale, and black-and-white. 
In the color mode, the 
traces can be colored by 
length or node, or the user 
can specify the color desir- 
ed. A 50-page manual with 
diagrams of sample circuits 
that can be simulated is in- 
cluded. 

MacBreadboard 1.0 
costs $59.95; educational 
discounts are available. — 
Yoeric Software. 600 South 
Churton #24, Hills- 
borough. NO 27278; 
Phone: 919-644 1620. 


PACKET MODEM/TERMINAL 
MODE CONTROLLER A 

Commodore 64/128 com- 
puter and a handheld VHF 
or HF single-sideband 
transceiver with the 
MFJ-1271 are your tickets 
for admission to packet 
communication. MFJ's 
modem/terminal mode 
controller plugs into your 
Commodore s rear cas- 
sette port. It works both 


CIRCLE 17 ON FREE 
INFORMATION CARD 

VHF packet at 1200 baud 
and HF packet at 300 baud, 
A data carrier detected cir- 
cuit and adjustable thresh- 
old control reduces noise 


susceptibility and in- 
creases the chances of 
making QSO connec- 
tions — especially on HF 
bands. 

A DCD circuit with a 
LED indicates when you 
are receiving signals prop- 
erly. The device also fea- 
tures remote packet opera- 
tion. mailbox-like message 
forwarding, and Net/ROM 
emulation. It uses MFJ En- 


terprises's Digicom/ 
64 public software 
(MFJ- 12931 

The MFJ'1271 costs 
$49.95.— MFJ Enterprises, 
Inc., P.O. Box 494. Missis- 
sippi State. MS 39762; 
Phone: 601-323^5869 (for 
orders: 1-a00-647'1800); 
Fax: 601-323-6551. 

GENERAL-PURPOSE CUT- 
TER. Cable TV and com- 
puter network installers, 
and technicians working 
with different kinds of coax- 
ial cable and wire need 
sharp, general purpose 
cutters. GC Electronics 


CIRCLE 18 ON FREE 
INFORMATION CARD 

says it meets this need 
with its No. 12^457 S-inch 
cutter The tool is said to 
cut through all sizes of 
coaxial cable cleanly and 
crisply, without crushing 
the cable. It is also capable 
of cutting other kinds of 
wine used in electrical and 
electronic work. 

The No. 12-457 cutter 
sells for $3.50.— GC Elec- 
tronics. 1801 Morgan 
Street. Rockford. IL 61102. 

AUDIO REFERENCE GENER^ 
ATORS. The ARG'440 and 
ARG-WOO audio reference 
generators from Tobin Cin- 
ema Systems are said to 
generate pure, accurate 
440-Hz CA4 to musicians) 
and 1000-Hz tones. The 
generators also provide 
precision "pink" and 


CIRCLf 19 ON FREE 
INFORMATION CARD 

"while" noise for audio 

tests. 

A 44O-H2 frequency 
standard is used in tuning 
musical instruments and 
even whole orchestras. 
The frequency can also ver- 
ify that tape speed is cor- 
rect and that 0 VU 
reference levels are set. A 
frequency of 1000 Hz is the 
traditional reference leveL 
Both models of audio refer- 
ence generator have 
stated accuracies of to 
parts per million, 3 ppm 
(0.0003%) typical 

Pink noise applied to 
tape heads after the refer- 
ence tone permit playback 


equalization to be precisefy 
set when used with a real- 
time analyzer. That noise 
can also be used for room 
equalization. Moreover 
pink and while noise can be 
mixed to sinnulate the 
sound of rain, a waterfall, 
surf, or various hissing 
noises. 

The outputs of the audio 
reference generators are 
electronically balanced at 
600 ohms and deliver 0 
dBm. They can also be un- 
terminated at + 6 dBu. un- 
balanced at 0 dBu. or 
loaded for a lower signal 
leveL Each generator set 
includes a calibrated circuit 
board, color-coded de- 
tachable 16-wire cable, a 
wall-outlet AC to DC con- 
verter, and a mating DC 
power plug. Both can be 
operated from any + 12- to 
+ 35-volt DC source. 

ARG'440 and 
ARG'tOOO audio reference 


generators are priced at 
$150 — Tobin Cinema Sys- 
tems. 3227 49th Avenue 
SW. Seattle. WA 98t16: 
Phone: 206-932-7280. 

ALLIGATOR CUPS. A family 
of five alligator clips from 
/7T Pomona permits the 
safe electrical testing of 
components and systems 
carrying up to 250 volts. 
The clips are asatlable in a 
range of sizes: large heavy 
duty, large, medium, mini- 
ature, and disposable. All 
alligator clips are coated 
with durable plastic insula- 
tion to prevent shock haz- 
ard, shorting, or grounding 
to conductive surfaces. 

Tinned copper-alloy jaws 
firmly grasp wines or leads 
and receptacles with con- 
nectors accept 2- to 4-mm 
CO.087- to 0.157-inch> lead 
wires. The miniature and 
disposable clips are intend- 
ed for tests on densly pop- 


ulated circuit boards in 
restricted locations. They 
are also useful is such 
medical applications as 
electrocardiogram testing. 
The larger clips are suitable 
for testing for high-current 
withstand capability and 
electrostatic-control prod- 
ucts. 


CIRCLE 20 ON FREE 
|NFOR\iATION CARD 

The large, heavy-duty 
Model 5785 grips objects 
up to 9.5-mm C0.37 inch) in 
diameter It has an overall 
length of 81 mm C3J9- 
inch), and it accepts a 
sheathed banana plug. It 
will protect against 250 
volts. The large Model 
5786 clip grips objects up 


Even At $39, 
IMe Blues Can Last 
A Ung, Long 1)me. 

Conventional wisdom says if you spend 1^ than fcffty 
budcs m a probe, it won't be long until the thrill is gone. 
But DurapfObeS'' start at S39. iK'e praokalty 
forevH. and work with almost any soope around, so it 
won't surprise us if yoy pick up a whole case. After all, 
some folks were just bom to have the blues. 

Duraprobe 


s? 


3 
o 


25 


Brownell / Carol ton- Bates / CMI-Metermaster / Contact East / ENTEST / INOTEK 
ITC / Jensen Tools, Inc. / Joseph Electronics / Marshall Industries 
Radar Electric / R*S. Electronics / Zack Electronics 


aRCLE 92 OH mEE WFORtUmON CARD 


i-if=inEt3 

Instruments 

Top engineering 

needs top equipment 

Our line of high quality measuring 
instruments offers a full range of 
outstanding features and unbeata- 
ble price/performance standards. 


I |-~|f=ir^EI3 INC. 


— 1939 Pbza Real 20 Lumber Road BLDG, # 2 

^ OCEANSIDE, CA 92056 ROSLYN, NEW YORK 11576 

Phone (619) 630-4080 Phone (516) 484-7121 

^® Telefax (619) 630-6507 Telefax (516) 484-7170 


to 10 mm C0.39 inch) in di- 
ameter. It includes a screw 
connection for lead wires 
uptolSAWG (2.4 mm). Its 
overall length is 80.5 mm 
C3.17 inchesX 

The Model 5787, 56-mm 
(2.20-inches) long medium 
clip, connects to a standard 
4-mm banana jack. The 
Model 5788 miniature clip 
has a miniature banana jack 
and an overall length of 40 
mm CI .57 inches). The dis- 
posable Model 5791 clip> 
with an overall length of 53 
mm (2.09 inches), has a 
button fix/release for lead 
retention and a standard 
banana jack. 

The alligator clips are 
priced from $.98 to $3.45 
each.— ITT Pomona Elec- 
tronics. Customer Service. 
1500 East Ninth Street, 
P.O. Box 2767, Pomona. 
CA 91769: Phone: 
714-469-2900; Fax: 
714-629-3317. 

INTEGRATED SURFACE 
MOUNT WORKSTATION, 

Manufacturers who per- 
form paste and place sur- 
face-mount component as- 
sembly in small volume can 
improve their yields and 
their productivity with the 
SMT-6000p]ck/ place/ dis- 
pense system from OK In- 
dustries. 

The mechanically as- 
sisted, solder-paste dis- 
pensing and component 
placement system is de- 
signed to achieve place- 
ment rates of up to 600 
components per hour. It in- 
tegrates a solder-pasle dis- 
penser and vacuum pick-up 
head onto a single arm as- 
sembly. That arm can be 
moved in the X Y-Z-0 axes 
while the operator's hand is 
stabilized on a movable 
hand rest. 

Needle positioning for 
paste dispensing, is said to 
be precise and repeatable, 
reducing placement loca- 
tion error by as much as 
67%. According to OK In- 


CIRCLE 21 ON FREE 
INFORMATION CARD 


dustries. the mechanical 
assistance of arm assem- 
bly provides a three-fold in- 
crease in production over 
manual pick-and-place 
methods. For prototyping 
and batch production, a 
board can be pasted and 
populated in one worksta- 
tion while secured in the 
adjustable, locking PC 
board holder. Movement is 
minimized because the 
board remains fixed during 
both the pasting and popu- 
lating operations. 

The SMT^eOOO is sold 
complete with a 45-com- 
partment carousel. t2-inch 
and 15-inch PC board hold- 
ers, a self-contained vac- 
uum source for pick-and- 
place operations, time/ 
pressure controls for dis- 
pensing, a hand rest, and a 
pick/place nozzle kit. Op- 
tional accessories such as 
stick and reel component 
feeders, a light/magnifien 
interchangeable spare ca- 
rousels, and a feeder- 
mounting bracket are also 
available. 

The SMT-6000 SMT 
workstation sells for 
$3750.— OK Industries, 
Inc., 4 Executive Plaza, 
Yonkers, NY 10701; 
Phone: 914-969-6800; 
Fax: 914-969-6650. 

TRANSDUCER POWER SUP- 
PLY The Model 4130 en- 
capsulated power supply 
from Calex offers adjusta- 
ble voltage output for 
powering transducers, 
strain gages, and many 
kinds of laboratory equip- 
ment. The power supply 
provides 4 to 1 5 volts DC at 
up to 1590 milliamperes. 
enough power for three 


CIRCLE 109 OM FUEE ^FORMATION CARD 


0^ 


fv - 

A-. 


^42 


ill /K*f5oag 


2IT7 

. 4164 

.4164 
.4164 


.975 


fJ4M74C904 


E REPyWIOH FOR QUADTY. SEflVICE AK 


L TES, PLEASE SEND ME THE FOLLOWING HUMiER OF COPIES OF 
ai//Cir Crass" SOFTWARE OH FLOPPY DISKETTES 

Niine 


/jlllf74fri}2j 


Company. 
Mimi- 

CitY- 


.Slate _Zip_ 


City SEW ^ 

AtUcfi mis coopen lo yom (etterHead and mail (o: 
N1E. 44 FarmndSt.. Blramflellf, fjJ OTBOl 


If You're Serious 
About a Fkituie in 
Eiectionics, Ensure that 
Future with the Best 
Educational Tk'aining 

Available. 


FREE! ^ ' 


SEND FOR YQUn CIE HOME 
STUDY COURSE CATALOG AND 
RECEIVE A FREE 24 PAGE CIE 
ELECTRONICS SYMBOL HANDBOOK! 


Jncludcs hundrc^fs of the most f reefy en tJy 
used dectronic symbols. Piiblished by ^ 
CJE eKcJusivety for our students ^nd 
^rumni. Yours free when you 
request aClB Course C^tafog. 


V 


L 


f you w^nt to Jearn about electron- 
ics, and e^im a good rncome with that 
knowJedge then CIE is your best 
educationaJ value. 

CIE's reputation as the world 
leader in home study electronics is 
based sofeJy on the success of our 
graduates. And we've earned that 
reputation with an unconditional 
commitment to provide our students 
with the very best electronics 
training* 

Just ask 
any of the 

graduates of I « > 
the Cleveland " " * 
institute of 
Electronics 
who are 
working in 
high-paying 
positions with 
aerospace, 
computer, 
medical, 
automotive 
and communi- 
cation firms 
throughout the 
world. 

They'll teM you success didn't 
come easy.. .but, it did come.. ..thanks 
to CIE. And today, a career in eJec- 
tronics offers more opportunities and 
greater rewards than ever before, 

CIE s COMMfTTED TO BEING 
THE BEST„.iN ONE 
AREA.. ..ELECTRONICS. 

CIE isn't another be-eveiy thing-to- 
eve ry body school- We teach only one 
subject and we believe weYe the best 
at what we do. Also, CfE is accredited 
by the Nattonaf Home Study Council. 
And with more than a T,000 gradu- 
ates each year, we're the largest 
home itudy school specializing 
exclusively in electronics. CIE has 
been training career-mrnded students 
like yourself for nearly 60 years and 

we re the best at our subject 

ELECTRONICS ... BECAUSE ITS THE 
ONLY SUBJECT WE TEACHl 


CfE PROVIDES YOU WITH A 
LEARNING METHOD SO 
GOOD, ITS PATENTED. 
CIE's Auto-programmed lessons are a 
proven learning method for building 
valuable electronics career skills. Each 
lesson is designed to take you step-by- 
step and principle-by-principle. And 
while all CIE lessons are designed for 
independent study, CIE's instructors 
are persona My available to assist you 
with just a toil- 
free call. The 
result is praaicai 
training... the 
kind of experi- 
ence you can put 
to work fn today's 
marketplace- 

LEARN BY 
D01NG...WITH 
STATE-OF' 
THE^RT 
FACIUTIES 
AND 

EQUIP/WENT. 

In 1 969, CIE 
pioneered the first Electronics Labora- 
tory course and in f 984, the first 
IWircoprocessor Laboratory course. 
Today, no other home study school 
can match CIE's state-of-the-art equip- 
ment and training. And all your 
laboratory equipment, books^ and 
lessons are included in your tuition. 
It's all yours to use while you study at 
home and for on -the -job after 
graduation. 

PERSONAUZED 
TRAINING.„.TO MATCH YOUR 
BACKGROUND, 

While some of our students have a 
working knowledge of electronics 
others are just starting out. That's 
why we've developed twelve career 
courses and an A.A.S. Degree program 
to choose from. So, even if your not 
sure which electronics career is best 
for you, CIE can get you started with 


WH¥ CHOOSE CfE FOR YOUR TRAJNINGT 

■ 1 50,000 successful graduates from every country around the world. 

■ Only CIE rewards you for fast study. CIE offers an Associate Degree 
program based on actual study time used. The faster you complete your 
degree the less your overall tuition. 

■ State^f'the^rt laboratory equipment is yours to keep and it comes 
assembled, ready for hands-on experiments. 

■ Approved for educational benefits under the G,l. 811! for veterans and other 
eligible persons. 

■ Upon graduation, CtE offers free preparation to pass the Certified 
Electronics Technician Exams. 


core lessons applicable to all areas of 
electronics. And every CIE course you 
take earns you credit towards complex 
tion of your Associate in Applied 
Science Degree. So you can work 
toward your degree in stages or as 
fast as you wish. In fact, CIE is the 
only school that actually rewards you 
for fast study, which can save you 
thousands of dollars. 

SEND TODAY FOR YOUR CIE COURSE 
CATALOG AND WE'LL SEND YOU A 
FREE 24 PAGE CIE ELECTRONICS 
SYMBOL HANDBOOK! 


□ 


I want to get started. 
Send me my CIE school catalog includ- 
ing details about the Associate Degree 
Program. [For your convenience, CIE 
will have a representative contact you - 


there is no obligation.) 


Name: 


AE42 


Address:. 


Cily-. 


State: 


Zip: 


.Age: 


Phone No. ( } 

Check box for GJ. Bulletin Benefits 
'. Veteran ~ Active Duty 

CLEVELAND 
INSTITUTE OF 
ELECTRONICS 

1776 East 17lh Street 
Cleveland, Ohio 44 1U 
(216) 781-9400 


A S< hOoJ oF thoiutJilfltfS. 
SJnce 1934. 


CIRCLE 22 ON FREE 
INFORMATION CARD 


350'Ohm gages or trans* 
ducers lhat require lO-volt 
excitation. 

Voltage can be adjusted 
with a built-in potentiome- 
ter Line and toad TBgulation 
are 0.05%. Ripple and 
noise are less than 0.5 milli- 
volt rms. The power supply 
has built-in remote sensing. 
It is short*circuit protected, 
and it has an internal ther 
mal shutdown switch. The 
Model 4 130 can operate at 
fuil load to temperatunes of 
70*'C. It measures 3,75 x 2 
X2.87 inches and weighs 
only 18 ounces. The case 
has two molded-in mount- 
ing holes, and mounting 
bolts are provided with the 
suppfy 

Options for input volt* 
ages for the Model 4130 
are 110. 115, 220. 230. or 
240 voits AC. Prices start 
at $122,— Calex Mfg. Co.. 
Inc., 2401 Stanwell Drive. 
Concord. CA 94520-4841: 
Phone; 800-542-3355: 
Fax: 510-687-3333. 

COAXIAL ADAPTER CABLE 
KIT AND CONNECTOR KIT 

Tesf Probes' universal 
coaxial adapter cable kit 
TPl-SOtO. is intended for 
use with the company's 
TP!-3000A connector kit. 
Each of the six adapter ca- 
bles in the kit accepts all 
combinations of BNC. 
TNC. SMA. N. UHF. Mini- 
UHR R and RCA con- 
nectors. 

According to the manu- 
facturer, any combination 
of two connectors from the 
24 available in the 
TPI-3000A kit can be at- 


tached to the ends of one 
of the six universal cables 
in the TPi-50tO kit. Be- 
cause no crimping or sol* 
dering is required, the 
cables can be used repeat- 
edly and in different config- 
urations. The six RG-58 
cables in the kit are double- 
braid shielded. 48 inches 
long, and have soft poly- 


CIRCLE n ON FREE 
JNfORMATION CARD 


vinyl chloride (PVC) jack- 
ets 

The TPI-3000A con- 
nector kit include two male 
and two female connectors 
forBNC. N. UHR andTNC 
adapters and one male and 
one female connector for 
the SMA. Mini-UHF. F, and 
RCA adapters along with 
SIX universal interfaces. 

All connectors have sil- 
ver-plated machined brass 
shells and gold-plated con- 
tacts. Both kits are said to 
be convenient for servicing 
communications equip- 
ment and local-area net- 
works in the field, and 
interfacing or connecting 
for various RF systems and 
test equipment. 

The TPI-5010 kit con- 
taining six cables and a 
piasticxoated wall rack is 
priced at $98. The 
TPi'3000A connector kit 
with 24 connectors sells 
for $150 —Test Probes, 
Inc. 9178 Brown Deer 
Road. San Diego. CA 
92121: Phone: 
800-368-5719. 

BRIGHT LED LAMPS. The 

light^emitting diode lamps 
in this new family from 
Lumex Opto/Components 
are intended as replace- 


CIRCLE 24 ON FREE 
INFORMATION CARD 


ments for incandescent 
tamps in existing pruducts. 
McLED's are made with 
from two to eight LED dies 
to obtain light output com- 
parable to that of the incan- 
descent bulb it replaces. 
The multi-LED lamps are of- 
fered with wire ends or 
standard incandescent 
lamp bases, They are said 
to run cooler and save the 
time and cost of frequent 
filament lamp replacement 
in the field. 

The lamps are being sold 
as replacements for minia- 
ture and sub-miniature in- 
candescent lamps with 
ratings from 2 to 20 volts 
AC or DC, The AC lamp 
replacements include mini- 
ature rectifier bridges to 
permit them to operate 
from AC sources. (Individu- 
al LED dies draw currents 
of 2 to 25 milliamperes at 
1.5 to 2.8 volts DC J The 
DC lamp replacements can 
be mounted directly on PC 
boards or front panels. 
Lumex obtains a near- white 
light output for Its lamps by 
mixing LED dies that emit 
different colors on the 
same lamp header 

The pnces of McLED's 
vary from $1,00 to $10 
each, depending on order 
quantity, color, and pack- 
age.— Lumex Opto/Compo- 
nents Inc. 292 EastHellen 
Road. Palatine. IL 60067: 
Phone: 708-359 2790; 
Fax: 708 359-8904. 

DIFFERENTIAL OS- 
CILLOSCOPE PROBE, Two 

different signals can be 
measured on one os- 
cilloscope channel with this 
active differential os- 


cilloscope probe, and there 
is no need for a ground ref* 
enence to make the mea* 
surement. The model 
ADF15, from Tesf Probes, 
Inc. was designed to permit 
the oscilloscope to be 
grciunded for safety while 
measurements are made 
without isolation ampti- 


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fiers. This feature is said to 
eliminate ernsrs caused by 
the voltage differences be- 
tween two amplifiers and 
two pn^bes. 

The ADFI5 is intended 
for making high voltage dif- 
ferential measurements in 
switching power supplies, 
motor controllers that in- 
clude thyristors, and power 
MOSFETs. It can also 
make accurate measure- 
ments of smalt signal dif- 
ferences in the presence of 
high common -mode volt- 
age. The probes band- 
width covers the range of 
DC to 15 MHz and it has a 
switchable x 20 to x 200 
attenuation mode. 

The probe is powered by 
four AA batteries or an ex- 
ternal 6-volt DC converter 
{not supplied! The price in- 
cludes standard probes^ al- 
ligator clips, and spring-tip 
probes with banana-plug 
leads. 

The ADFtS probe is 
priced at $375,— Test 
Probes, Inc., 9178 Brown 
Deer Road. San Diego. CA 
92121: Phone: 
619-535-9292. R^E 


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USING ONLINE SCIENTIFIC 
& ENGINEERING DATA- 
BASES; by Harley Bj ell and. 
Windcrest/McGraw-Hill, 
Blue Ridge Summit, PA 
17294-0850; $26.95. 

Engineers, technicrans, 
scientists, liobbyists, and 
technical writers always 
seem to be hungry for 
facts, and they might 
spend hours searching for 
just the right information 
before they start or conn- 
plete a project. But we are 
now undergoing an infor- 
mation explosion, and it 
seems that the leading 
edge of scientific and engi- 
neering knowledge always 
seems to elude our ability 
to keep up. Books, maga- 


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zines. technical papers and 
other printed materials are 
no longer the only sources 
of technical data: on-line 
computer databases are 
helping out by providing 
current information that is 
easily accessible through 
your modem-equipped PC. 

This book explains how 
to conduct successful on- 
line scientific and engineer- 


ing datbase search with a 
mmtmum investment of 
time, effort, and expense. It 
describes the required 
computer hardware and 
software and explains the 
advantages and disadvan- 
tages of each database 
service. Step-by-step, illus- 
trated instructions tell you 
how to tap into the power 
of on-line databases, and 
sample searches show ex- 
actly what youMt see as you 
workyour way through spe- 
cific database menus. Also 
explained are ways to save 
money by using command- 
line searches and other 
shortcuts. 

Descriptions are given for 
major technical and con- 


sumer on-line databases 
including EasyNet, Dialog. 
BBS. MEAD, STN. ORBIT. 
Dow Jones, and EPIC. 
Techniques are presented 
for evaluating information 
obtained through on-line 
systems and putting it to 
profitable use. 

1992 CATALOG; from Jim* 
Pak Elactronic Components, 
1355 Shoreway Road, Bel- 
mont, CA 94002; free. 

This 30-page free bro- 
chure from Jim-Pak con- 
tains listings and illustra- 
tions of over 600 of its 
products for electronic 
hobbyists and profession- 
als. For example, you'll find 
listings of the company^s 


Train at HOME to be an 

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offerings in resistors, ca- 
pacitors, trimmers, and po- 
tentiometers. You 11 also be 
able to find active devices 
from diodes and LED 
lamps to digital and linear 
integrated circuits, micro- 
processors, and memo- 
ries. Packaging products 
being offered include 
breadboards, enclosures, 
connectors, fans, heat 
sinks and power supplies. 
Manufacturing equipment 
from Jim-P^k includes sol- 
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THE MODERN 0SCILLA1DR 
CIRCUIT ENCYCLOPEDIA; by 
Rudolf F Graf. TAB Books, 
Division of McGraw-Hill 
Inc., Blue Ridge Sommit, PA 
17294-0850; TeL 
1-800-822-8138; S1Z.95. 

This circuit encyclopedia 
is a handy reference for 
those who want instant ac- 
cess to more than 250 
pruven, practical oscillator 
circuit designs. Some of 
the circuits contain late- 
model ICs that simpfify 
their construction and re- 
duce the number of com- 
ponents needed. Needless 
to say. they add to the ver- 
satilily and reliability of the 
resulting oscillator. 


Mr Graf's encyclopedia 
includes schematics for vir- 
tually every type of os- 
cillator circuit that has ever 
been designed — some 
that are very familiar and 
others thai are obscure — 
even to experts. The 
names of many of the os- 
cillator circuits are familiar 
to students and seasoned 
professionals alike. Their 
operation is taught In engi- 
neering classes as well as 
vocational and military tech 
schools. There are, for ex- 
ample, the old familiar 
Armstrong, Ciapp. Colpit- 
is, Franklin. Hartley Hertz. 
Miller, Pierce and Wien- 
bridge oscillators as well as 
audio, blocking, crystal, 
multivibrator and electron- 
coupled versions. 


ORCLE 28 ON FREE 
INFORMATION CARD 

The schematics and de- 
scriptions are organized by 
application for easy refer- 
ence. The circuit sche- 
matics and descriptive text 
have been reproduced in 
the same form in which 
they were originally pub- 
lished in such sources as 
Radio-Electronics, This 
was done by Mr Graf to 
prevent transcription errors 
and make them instantly 
recognizable to readers 
who might have seen them 
in the past. The original 
source for each circuit is 
listed in a section at the 
back of the encyclopedia. 
That permits readers to re- 
fer back to the source pub- 
lications for additional infor- 
mation on construction and 
application. 

THE ARRL SATELLITE AN- 
THOLOGY: 2nd Edition; from 


The American Radio Relay 
League, 225 Main Street, 
Newington.CT 06111; $8.00. 

In the 30 years since the 
first amateur-radio satellite 
was launched, satellite 
technology has become in- 
creasingly sophisticated. 
Nevertheless, communica- 
tion with satellites has be- 
come easier. This collec- 
tion of articles from ARRL s 
QST magazine is intended 
to help amateur radio oper- 
ators participate in satellite 
communications; they dis- 
pel the myth that satellite 
operating is expensive and 
difficult. 


CIRCLE 29 ON FREE 
INFORMATION CARD 

Amateurs can access 
satellites with equipment 
they already own. The infor- 
mative articles discuss ac- 
tive amateur satellites, 
their operating features, 
and how to access them. 
Several articles, whose 
content is still valid today, 
wene retained from the first 
edition. Subjects include 
satellite tracking and con- 
versing with other oper- 
ators in other countries. 
More recent articles dis- 
cuss presently operating 
satellites such as AMSAT- 
0SCAR13, and look at the 
next generation of OSCAR 
satellites. 

TROUBLESHOOTING & RE- 
PAIRING ELECTRONIC MU^ 
SIC SYNTHESIZERS; by De- 
Iton T, Horn. TAB Books, 
Division of McGraw-Hill 
Inc., Blue Ridge Summit, PA 
17294-085 0; Tel. 
V800-822-8138; $16.95. 

As music synthesizers 
become more popular. 


thene is an increasing de- 
mand for instruction mate- 
rial on their maintenance 
and repair. This book was 
written for musicians who 
want to repair their own 
equipment as well as elec- 
tronic hobbyists and tech- 
nicians who need a reliable 
source of information on 
synthesizer troubleshoot- 
ing and repair Mr. Horn's 
book gives complete, step- 
by-step instructions for ser- 
vicing synthesizers and re- 
placing their components. 
Both the older analog and 
more modern digital instru- 
ments are covered. 

The first half of the book 
is devoted to locating and 
repairing problems that 
commonly occur in analog 
synthesizers. Those in- 
clude nonexistent, weak, 
or noisy output signals. 
Also described are meth- 
ods for repairing voltage 
sources, function gener- 
ators and keyboards- 
The book s second half 
covers digital synthesizers. 
It gives instructions for ne- 


CIRCU 30 ON FREE 
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pairing digital oscillators, 
amplifiers, and their power 
supplies. Topics discussed 
include logic probes and 
logic pulsers. One whole 
chapter is devoted to MIDI 
with discussion of cabling, 
channels and circuitry. In- 
structions are given on 
what to do if your syn- 
thesizer fails to nespond to 
MIDI commands, in addi- 
tion, the book offers advice 
on how to restore old or 
unusable synthesizers as 
well as how to modify and 
expand existing units. 


Countersurireillance 


Never before has so much 
professional information on the art 
of detecting and eliminating 
electronic snooping devices — and 
how to defend against experienced 
information thieves — been placed 
in one VMS video. If you are a 
Fortune 500 CEO, an executive in 
any hi-tech industry, or a novice 
seeking entry into an honorabie, 
rewarding fiefd of work In 
countersurveitlance, you must 
view this video presentation again 
and again. 

Wake up! You may be the vicrim of 
stolen words — pR-cums tdciis that would 
have made you very wealtliyl Yes, profes- 
sionals, even rank amateurs, may be [is- 
rening ro your most private con- 
versations. 

Wake up! If you are nor the vktim, 
then you are surrounded by couorlcss vic- 
tims who need your help if you know how 
to discover telephone taps, U^cate bu^s, or 
"sweep" a room clean. 

There is a thriving professional service 
steeped in high-tech teclmiques that you 
can become a part t)f! But first, you must 
know and understand Countersurvei lance 
Technology Your very first insight into 
this highly rewarding field is made possi- 
ble by a video VHS presentation that you 
canni>t view on bro.idcast television, sat- 
ellite, or cable. It presents an informative 
program prepared by professionals in the 
field who know thuir industry, its tech- 
niqueSi kinks and loopholes. Men w^ho 
can tell you more in 45 minutes in a 
straightforward^ exclusive talk than was 
ever attempted before. 

Foiling Information Tbieves 
Discover the targets [^ofessional 
snoopers seek out! The prey are stock 
brokers, arbitrage firms, manufacturers, 
high-tech companies, any competitive 
industry, or even small businnesses in the 
same community. Hie valuable inlorma- 
tton they filch may be marketing strat- 
egies, customer lists, product formulas, 
manufacturing techniques, even adver- 
tising plans, information thieves eaves- 
drop on court decisions, bidding 
information, financial data. Tlie list is 
unlimited in the mind of man — es- 
pecially if he is a thief! 

You know that tiie Russians secretly 
installed countless microphones in the 
concrete %vork of the American Embassy 
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Stolen Infijrmation 
The open raps from where the informa- 
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and everyday business meetings and 
1 u nch t i me cncou n ters , B u s i nessm en need 
counselling on how to eliminate this in- 
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the opportunity fot others to purloin 
meaningful information. 

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5REJ9 


VFX 

DIGITRL SIGNAL PROCESSOR 


WOULD YOU LIKK TO CHANGE THE 

pitch of your voice or create 
such special audio effects as 
echo or reverb? We will show 
you how to build a voice effects 
processor (or VFX processor, for 
short) that can generate such 
unusual effects, Wei! explain 
the basic algorithms used to 
perform these DSP [digital sig- 
nal processing) techniques, and 
examine the heart of 
the VFX hardware, the 
Analog Devices-2105 
digital signal process- 
ing microcomputer If 
you're on a tight bud- 
get, you'll appreciate 
that this project costs 
much less than any 
commercial single- 
effect generator 

Before we describe 
the details of the hard- 
ware and software, lets 
look at what the VFX 
processor does. The 
VFX processor accepts 
audio signals, digitally 
processes the informa- 
tion in one of three 
user-selected modes, 
and amplifies the sig- 
nal for listening with a 
speaker or a pair of 
headphones. All you 
need besides the VFX 
processor is a micro- 
phone, a pair of head- 
phones, and a 9-volt 
DC power source — ^all 
of which are amilable 
from the source given 
in the Parts List. 


Basic operation 

The VFX block di- 
agram is shown in Fig. 
1. A four-position DIP 
switch (of which only 
three are used) puts 
the VFX into one of 
four operating modes: 
harmonizen echo, re* 
verb, and test, 'I^ble 1 
shows the DIP switch 


positions for each mode. The 
harmonlzer voice effect raises 
or lowers the pitch of your voice, 
A high pitch makes you sound 
as if you're breathing helium, 
and a low pitch makes you 
sound like a baritone singer. In 
this mode, a single-dlgit LED 
readout indicates the pitch 
change level; 0 is the maximum 
down shift (lJ%?oe Hz) and 9 is 


A Utile DSP goes a long way 
in generating unusual 
sound effects. 

CRAIG BORAX and DAVID BECK 


the maximum upshift ( + 305 
Hz). The VFX board powers up 
in level 4, which is no shift at all. 
A SHIFT button lets you step 
through the range of pitch 
shifts; after 9 the pnx:essor re- 
turns to 0. Each pitch shift in- 
crement is approximately 51 Hz; 
well explain why later 

The echo effect has an ad- 
justable delay: you can decrease 
the echo delay time by 
pressing the shift 
button. In this mode 
the LED displays a 
number from 9 to 0 in- 
dicating a delay time of 
0,63 to 0 seconds* 
Each press of the shift 
button decreases the 
time delay by 70 milli- 
seconds. 

The reverb effect is 
similar to the echo 
effect* except that the 
delay time is fixed at 78 
milliseconds and the 
amplitude of tlie feed* 
back signal is adjusta- 
ble from 0.5 to 0 with 
tlie siin-T button. The 
effect is more subtle 
than the echo effect 
and simulates the 
acoustics of a large 
room. 

The test mode helps 
troubleshoot the VFX 
board. The lest mode 
will be discussed in 
greater detail later on. 


The basic circuit 

As shown in the 
block diagram (Fig. 1}, 
the VFX processor con- 
sists of a microphone 
input circuit that uses 
a National Semicon- 
ductor TP3054 CO- 
DEC (coder-decoder), 
an Analog Devices 
ADSP-2105 DSP {dig- 
ital signal processor K 
an 8K X 8 EPROM 
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DRIVER 


FIG. 1— VFX BLOCK DrAGRAM. The VFX hfl$ B mtcrophone input a CODEC, a DSH 
EFROM, SRAM, power*supply circuitry, and audio conditioning. 


mable read-only memory) » two 
8K X 8 SRAM's (staUc-random 
access memory), power-supply 
circuitry, and audio con- 
ditioning. The CODEC incorpo- 
rates an input anti-aliasing fil- 
ten an A/D converter, a D/A 
converter* an output filten and 
control circuitry- The SRAMs 
provide 8Kx 16-bit words of 
data storage to supplement the 
2105s internal 512 words. The 
DSP can access external memo- 
ry In 100 nanoseconds but has 
an Internal wait-state generator 
to allow the use of slower de- 
vices. The VFX processor has 
three wait states programmed 
for external data memory ac- 
cess. 

The VFX processor performs 
four functions; the theory of op- 
eration for each Implemented In 
hardware is virtually Identical. 
The software makes the hard- 
ware perform these multiple 


effects. The EPROM hex code 
will be posted on the RE-BBS 
(516-293-22S3, 1200/2400. 
8N1), as a file called VTX HEX. 
Let's look at the algorithms used 
for each effect. 

Algorithms 

The harmonlzer shifts the 
pitch of an audio signal, such as 
music or speech, up or down* 
One of the most widely known 
uses of this technique is seen In 
the novelty musical group, the 
Chipmunks. Recorded in the 
early 60s, the Chipmunks' up- 
pi tch effect was made simply by 
playing back audio tapes at a 
higher speed. Today the high- 
tech approach is to use digital 
signal processing. 

The principal algorithms per- 
formed by the DSP hardware for 
the harmonlzer are the fast 
Fourier transform (FFT) and the 
Inverse FFT [IFFT). Those a!- 


TABLE 1— DIP SWITCH SETTINGS 


SI -a 


81 -b 


S1-C 


31 -d 


Harmonlzer 


X 


ON 


ON 


ON 


Echo 


X 


OFF 


ON 


ON 


Reverb 


X 


ON 


OFF 


ON 


Test Mode 


X 


OFF 


OFF 


ON 


PROG 
SELECT 


7 


EPROM 


gorithms convert the audio sig- 
nal in the time domain to the 
frequency domain, and then 
back again. Figure 2 shows an 
original audio signal and the 
data at each stage In the process 
as it Is spectrum-shifted. Figure 
2-a plots the audio input versus 
time. Figure 2-b shows the fre- 
quency spectrum of the audio 
signal in 2-a. Figure 2-c shows 
the original spectrum at the top 
and the up-shifted spectrum at 
the bottom. Figure 2-d shows 
the original audio signal on top 
with tfie processed audio sig- 
nal, which contains higher-fre- 
quency components, at the 
bottom. 

The timing of the algori thm of 
the harmonlzer Is shown in Fig, 

THE FFT 

The Fourier series and its related 
transforms and algorithms an© wideiy 
used in electronics. The Fourier trans* 
form (FT) is a mathematical method for 
converting a signal from the time do* 
main to the frequency domatn. or simply 
a way d expressing a contlnuoiiS wave- 
form as a series of sine waves. The fast 
Fourier transform (FFT) is an algorithm 
enhanced for computer computaiion of 
a discrete Fourier transform (DFT), 
wtiich is the digttal equivatant of the 
Founer transtorm. R*E 


FIG. 2— HARMOHIZER ALGORITHM. ]n a you see the aud^o input vs. time, d shows the 
frequency spectrum of the audio signal, c shows the orfginal spectrum at the top and 
the up-'Shifted spectrum at the bottom, and d shows the originat audio signal on top 
with the processed audio signal at the bottom. 


I ACQUIRE BUFFER #1 
I PROCESS 

"buffer #2 " 


OUTPUT BUFFER #t 


0ms 


ACQUIRE BUFFER *2 


PROCESS 
BUffER*! 


OUTPUT BUFFER #2 


19Jms 


ACQUiBE BUFFER 


I PROCESS 
-J BUFFER #2 


OlfFPUT BUFFER #^ 


FJG. 3— HARM0NI2ER TIMING DIAGRAM, The input signal ia sampled at a 6.5-kHz rate 
and fills buffer #1 in 19.7 milliseconds with 128 samples. The next 128 simples are 
stored in buffer #2. 


3, and its block diagram is 
shown in Fig. 4. In Fig. 3, the 
input signal from the micro- 
phone is sampled at a 6.5-kHz 
rate. At that rate buffer #1 is 
filled in 19.7 milliseconds with 
128 samples. (That determines 
the pitch resolution because the 
resolution in the frequency do- 
main is the inverse of the sam- 
pling period, or 50.7 Hz J Then 
the next 128 samples are stored 
in buffer #2. (The double-throw 
switch in Fig. 4 is there to sug- 
gest the toggling from one buff- 
er to the other.) While buffer #2 
is being filled, the VFX pro- 
cessor begins the harmonizing 
effect by processing buffer #1 
through a 128-point FFT, then 
comes the shift, and then the 
IFFT. The entire FFT/ShiftylFFT 
algorithm takes approximately 
6 milliseconds so that all pro- 
cessing is finished before the 
next buffer is filled. That allows 
real-time processing with a 
minimal two-buffer delay of 
39.3 milliseconds between the 
time the microphone input ar- 
rives at the VFX processor and 
when it is output to the speaker. 

The echo-effect algorithm 
uses a digital implementation of 
an adjustable-length analog de- 
lay line as shown in Fig. 5, The 
input signal from the micro- 
phone is sampled at a 6.5-kHz 
rate. It is then summed with the 
delayed signal received n x 455 
periods ago {where n is a 
number from zero to nine as 
shown on the VFX's LED dis- 
play). The delay line is imple- 
mented in 4K of external SRAM. 
The software allows the adjust- 
ment of the delay from 0.63 to 0 
milliseconds. 

The reverb effect is very sim- 
ilar to the echo effect (see Fig. 6) 
except that the length of the de- 
lay line is fixed at 78 millise- 
conds, and the reflection factor 
is adjustable from 0% to 50% 
with the SHIFT button. The re- 
flection factor determines the 
attenuation of the signal before 
it is stored in the delay line and 
simulates the reflection factor 
of a room. 

The test mode can be used 
during hardware checkout to 
isolate problems with your VFX 
board. We'll discuss how to use 
the test mode later. 


Circuitry 

The schematic diagram for 
the VFX processor is shown in 
Fig. 7. The ADSP-2105 DSP mi- 


croprocessor ICl, has IK X 24- 
bit words of fast program mem- 
ory (PM) on chip. An on-chip os- 
cillator requires a 10-MHz 


REAL 


12B 

pomr 

INVERSE 
FFT 


FFT 
REAL 
BUFFER 


OUTPUT 
BUFFER 
#1 


AUDIO 
OUTPUT 


OUTPUT 
BUFFER 
#2 


L ^|codeg\ rf 


OUTPUT 


i 


— ^ 


BUFFER 


f2 


AUDtO 
INPUT 


ADJ. 
LENGTH 
DELAY 


FIG, 4— HARMONIZER BLOCK DIAGRAM. The double-throw switches indicate the 
toggling from one buffer to the other. While buffer #2 is being filled, the VFX processor 
begrns processmg buffer 01. 


crystal (XTALl) and two small 
capacitors (CI and C2K On 
power- up and after a reset, the 
2105 boots the program from 
the EPROM (IC2) into the on- 
board memory. The boot func- 
tion is built into the 2105 and it 
allows a slower and inexpensive 
EPROM (250 ns) to supply the 
IK words (3K by tes) of PM , The 

BOOT MiCMORV SELECT (BMS) Out- 
put of the 2105 selects the 
EPROM, and the addressing Is 
automatically generated on the 
external address bus. The selec- 
tion of the program booted can 
be programmed by the 2105, 
but to simplify the VFX hard- 
ware and software, the program 
is selected by setting the three 
most-significant bits (MSBs) of 
the EPROM s address with DIP 
switch SI. 

In addition to the on-board 
PM, there is 0.5K x 16-bit words 


CODEC 
DAC 


AUDIO 
OUTPUT 


FIG. &— ECHO-EFFECT BLOCK DIAGRAM. A digital implementation of an adjustable- 
length analog delay Irne Is used. 


ADJ. 
0TO.5 


Auoro 

INPUT 


CODEC £ 
AD C t 


2K 
WORD 
DEUY 


AUDIO 

oinpuT 


RG. 6— REVERB EFFECT BLOCK DIAGRAM. The length of the delay line is fixed at 78 
milliseconds, and the reflection factor is adjustable from 0% to 50%. 


FIG. 7— VFX SCHEMATIC. The DSP microprocessor (ICI) has IK x 24-t>it words of fas! 
program rnefnory (PM) on chfp. On powtr-up* the 2105 boots the program from Iht 
EPROM [02 into the on^board memory. 


a 

I 
I 

m 

s 

3 
S 

I 


The Analog Devices ADSP-2105 is 
the engine of the VFX processor. The 
ADSP-2105 ts a second-generation dig* 
ital signal processing (DSP) microcom- 
puter based on theeanier ADSP-2100. It 
has significant architecturat Improve- 
ments over earf mr generaltons (see 
block diagram [n Fig. 10). The 2105 has 
burlt-in daia memory RAM (0,5K x 16 
bits) and program memory FIAM (IK x 
24 bits) so It really is a DSP microcom- 
puter and not a microprocessor. Both of 
those memory banks are expand abte 
with off-chip fast static RAM. That allows 
the program memory to be loaded, 
ing the resident boot menrtory loader, 
m a slow PROM or EPROM (250 
fianosecond access) and keeps high- 
speed data transfer fnside the chip to 
reduce EMI and board-iayout require- 
ments. 

The program and data memory can 
be easily expanded off-chtp— as has 
been done with the VFX processor— 
when the internal data men^ry is not 
sufficient for the algorithms. Tt>e chip 
has resources built-in to simplify exter- 
nal memory hardware interfacing. They 
include separate selects for program 
memory, data memory, and boot memo- 
ry, and a programrrtable wait-stata gen- 
erator to allow for slow external 
memories. 

The 2105 Incorporates several pe- 


ripheral devices and their associated in- 
terrupts. There is a bull I- En 16-bii interval 
timer with programmable prescaier and 
interrupts. A high-speed synchronous 
serial interface (SPORT1) can interface 
to ^jt.-law and A-law CODEC'S using 
hardware companding as woll as digital 
audio-oriented D/A and A^D converters. 
Additionally^ the serial port can connect 
multiple 21 OS's together in parallel pro- 
cessing applications. 

The ADSP-2t05 also offers high per- 
formance by virtue of its inslmction set 
With a 100- nanosecond cycle time, mul- 
tiple operations per cycle, and zero- 
overhead looping, the numerical pertor* 
mance of the chip is respectable. In ad- 
dition, the 1*micron low-power CMOS 
processing holds power dissipation to 


less than t watt: a powerdown mode 
reduces the power consumption to a 
mere 80 milliwatts. 

The ADSP-2105 incorporates three 
execution units: 

• Barrel shifter 

• Arithmetic Logic Unit {ALU} 

• Multiplier Accumulator (MAC) 

The three units are optimized for their 
specific function, and are. therefore, 
very fast, completing any instnjction in 
one cycle. Access to the i hree execution 
units is made via registers associated 
with each execution unit. For example, 
the ALU has the following 16-bit regis- 
ters: 

AXO. AX1. AYO, AY1, AR. and AF 
The MAC has: 

MXO. MX1, MYO. MYI.MRO. MR!, MR2, 


LISTING 1 


START: 

I0=bu£fer#l; 

MO-lr 
CNTR=2048; 
DO MOVE_BUFFER UNTIL 

DMtlO,MO)^AR; 
MOV BUFFER: 


ce; 


{Address of buffer#l in DMD} 
{Post modify value} 
{Address of buf£er#2 in FHH) 
{Post itiodify value} 
{Kujnb^r of words ifi buffer) 
{Do loop} 


{End of thft loop} 


DATA 


DATA 


ADE5RESS 


GtHEHflOfl 


GENEFIATOR 


42 


ir 


-A INSTRUCTION A- 
iV REGISTER 


7T 


m\}J REGS 


OifTPUT REGS 


1 


PROGftAM 


DATA 


BOOT 


SRAM 


ADDRESS 


H<k24 


GENERATOR 


14 PMABUS 


mT\ RIJS 


EXCHANGE 


TV 


(MPJT REGS 


Ol/TPUT REGS 
5US Ky 16 , R 


INPUT REGS 


SHFFTER 


OUTPUT RtGS 


IT 


TT 


CONTROL 

LOGIC 


CClWPAfiDING 


CIRCUITRY 


r ' 


TRANSMIT REG 


RECEIVE REG 


SERrAL 
PORT 

1 


FIG. 10— ADSP-2105 SLOCK DIAGRAM, The 2105 has built-in data memory and pro- 
gram memory impfemented In fast SRAM. That keeps high-spe^ data transfer insrde 
the chfp. 


riG. 1t— THE EZ-LA0 KIT includes a demo board, an A0SP-2im/5 family assembler, 
linker, and other miscellaneous development software, Vou can design and debug 
software tor certain applications at minimal cost. 


and MF 

The baitei shifter has: 
SB. SI, SE. SRl.andSRO 

In addition, the ADSP-2105 incorpo- 
rates two data address generators 
(DAG'S), one of which can perform the 
bit reversing that is required for certa/n 
FFT algorithms. One DAG accesses 
program-memory data (PMD) and the 
other accesses data*memory data 
(DMD). The DAGs use a set of three 
registers to contml indirect addressing 
and crrcular buffers. Those are the index 
registers {10 to 17), the modify registers 
(MO to M7), and the length registers (LO 
fo L7). For example* by setting up the 
registers so that 10 has the starting ad* 
dress. MO has a valye of 1. and LO is 
zero, blocks of data can tie moved from 
one tKJtfer to arvother with very little pro* 
grammrng (see Listing 1). 

To be successful, any microcomputer, 
including a digitat signal processor, 
must have readily available low-cost 
software tools. Analog Devices has sup* 
plied the AOSP-2105 with quality soft- 
ware tools at a reasonabJe price. The 
assembly language is algebraic and 
straightforward. lrM:{uded is a powerful 
personat computer-tmsed software sim- 
ulator that allows sotiware debugging 
without an expensrve ln*Gircuil emulator 
(ICE), 

The ADSP-2105 has the samo kind of 
interrupt handling capabilities as other 
microcomputers- The interrupts can be 
individually masked or enabled, edge- 
triggered or level sensitive. Interrupts 
am vectored to the program memory kj- 


USTiNG 2 


XB02 0004h 

SPORTO t Transmit) OOOBh 

SPOKtO (Receive) OOOCh 

SPORT I (Transmit) OOlOh 

SP0RT2 (Receive) 0014h 

TIKER OO10h 


cations shown in Listing 2. A second 
mirror set ot Data registers can be en- 
abled to facifilate fast context switching 
during its internjpt servicing. The device 
has on-chip dock generation circuitry 
and ts packaged in a &64ead plastic 
leaded chip canrier (PLCC). 

The VFX processor described in this 
artide ^ms devek3ped with Analog De- 
vices' ADSP-2101 EZ-Ub Kit (see Fig. 
n). Tlie Analog Devices EZ-t_ab kit in* 
eludes an EZ-LAB demonstration 
board, an ADSP-2101/5 family as- 
sembler, linker and other miscellaneous 
development software, including the es- 
senlral simulator. With this package one 
can design and debug software for cer* 
tain appEications with excellent results at 
minimal cost. Of course, an *n-circuit 
emulator (tCE) will speed up the de- 
velopment process, although, o( course, 
at a much higher price: the EZ-l_ab kit 
sells for less than $500 dollars, and an 
emulator costs more than $2000 dolfars. 
For people with limited capital resources 
and small to medium complexity al- 
gorithms, the kit is great. R-E 


of on -board data memory (DM), 
Since that is not enough to per- 
form the 128-point FFT and 
IFFT two external static RAM's 
are also attached to the data 
bus* one for the high byte (IC9), 
and one for the low byte (ICS) of 
the memory. That 2 x 8K bytes 
of SRAM addressed by the 2105 
is accessed when the data mem- 
ory SELECT (DMS) Strobc IS BC- 

tlve. 

The seven-segment LED dis- 
play adds to the interactivity of 
the VFX processor, and Is writ* 
ten to as If it was external pro- 
gram memory. The program 

MEMORY SELECT (PMSj Signal 

from the 2105 Is activated to 
latch data from the bus into 
ICll (the seven-segment BCD 
latch/decoder/driver)\ which 
then drives the seven segment 
display No decoding fs required 
for the selection of ICi I because 
there is no external program 
memory in the system. 

The VFX processor uses a CO- 
DEC to digitize the audio input 
and convert it Into a serial data 
stream. The CODEC Interfaces 
directly with the 2105*s syn- 
chronous serial port SPORTl. 
which includes pins 52—56- 
SPORTl is configured for 8-bit 
synchronous data transfer with 
word* framing sync pulses and 
|x-law companding. The 2105 
generates a 1.66-MHz serial 
clock (scLKi) and 6.5-kHz fram- 
ing pulses on transmit frame 
SYNC (TFsi) and receive frame 
SYNC (RFsi) to synchronize the 
data transfer 

The CODEC Implements \l- 
law companding, which im- 
proves the dynamic range of the 
conversion by taking advantage 
of human perception of sound; 
that is, that the ear is much 
more sensitive to noise in low- 
level (volume) signals than in oj 
high-level signals. The CODEC % 
receives and transmits 8 bits of f 
data, and the digital signal pro- Ef 
cessor has built-in companding ^ 
hardware to convert it into a 14- | 
bit number m 

The other components of the S 
VFX processor arc the power 3 
supply and analog components, | 
The VFX board accepts + 9 volts z 
DC and generates -9, +5, I 
+ 5.1. and -5.1 volts DC, Volt- 
age converter IC7 (a TSC7660J 47 


D3 


Fia 8~PART&PLACEMENT DIAGRAM. Make sure that you Install the mono jack at J1 
and the stereo jack at J2. 


PARTS LIST 


All rasEStors are V^-watt, 5%^ un- 
less otherwise noted, 

R1-R3--120,000 ohms 

R4, R9, Rt2^R19, R22-^R29, 

R33-R39. R41'"R49— not used 
R5-R8— 10.000 ohms 
R10, R11— 220,000 ohms 
R20, R21— 1000 ohms 
R30— 10 ohms 

R31^70 ohms (x7), 14*pin DIP 
R32— 10,000 ohms { x 5). S-pm SIP 
R40— 10.000 ohms, multitum po- 
tentiometer 
R5CH-200,000 ohms, muilitum po- 
tentiometer 
Capacitors 

CI, C2— 20 pR 100 volts, ceramic 
C3-C7~10 \jLf. 35 volts, electrolytic 
08, C9, C11-C15, C17-C19, 

C23-C29. C31-C34, C36-C39— 

not used 

CIO— 220 |jlR 25 volts, electrolytic 
C16— 10 \xf, 6.3 volts. Tantalum 

electrolytic 
G20-C22— 1 ^F, 50 volts, ceramic 
C30^,047 100 volts, ceramic 
C35 — 47 pF. 100 voUs, ceramic 
C40-C50— 0.1 fxF. 100 volts, ce- 
ramic 
Semtconcfuctors 
iCI— ADSP-^2105KP40 DSP pro- 
cessor 

IC2— 27256-25 32K x 8 EPROM 

(256K) 
IC3~"TP3054J CODEC 
IC4— LM741N op*amp 
ICS— LM3S6N-3 audio amplifier 
IC6— 7660SCPA voltage converter 

generates the negative supply 
from the positive supply. A 5- 
volt DC regulator {IC7. a 7805) 
supplies +5 volts DC to the 
2105 and all logic IC's, and two 
Zener regulators (Dl and D2) 


IC7— 7805T 5-volt regulator 
ICS, IC9— 6264-15 SRAM, 150 ns 
IC10— 74HC14N hex Schmitt trig- 
ger inverter 
IC11— CD4511 7-segment decoder/ 
driver 

Dl, D2—1N5231B 5.1 -volt Zener di- 
ode 

D3— 1N4001 diode 

DtSPI— LTS6780R 7-segment 

common cathode LED 
Other components 
XTAL1— 10-MH2 crystal 
SI — 4-position DIP switch 
S2, S3 — momentary pushbutton, 

N.O. 

J1— 2mm DC power jack 

J2-Hmini stereo jack 

J3 — mini mono jack 

Miscellaneous: iO sockets, 9-volt 
DC wail transformer, microphone, 
headphones, PC board, solder, 
etc. 

Note: The followmg items are 
available frotn American DIs- 
tributorSf Inc., 9 Whippany 
Road, Whippany, NJ 07981 
(800) 877-0510: 

• VFX kit (includes PC board 
and all PC-mounted compo- 
nents)— $105 

(plated through holes, solder 
masked and sllkscreened) 

• 9-volt wall transformer — $12 

• Headphones— S15 

• Microphone — S16 

Add $5 shipping and handling. 
Check, MasterCard^ or Visa. 

generate the analog voltages of 
plus and minus 5.1 volts DC. 
Op-amp 104 and audio amplifier 
ICS condition and amplify the 
audio input and output* respec- 
tively 


Construcdon 

The VFX processor is easy to 
build. AH the necessaiy compo- 
nents including a double -sided 
PC board, all ICs, semiconduc- 
tors, and passive components 
are available from the source 
given in the Parts List, A micro- 
phone, DC wall outlet trans- 
former, and headphones are 
also available if you don*t al- 
ready have them. We've pro- 
vided foil patterns in case you 
want to make your own PC 
board. 

Following Fig. 8 as a guide, 
mount the components begin- 
ning with the resistors. Next in- 
stall the capacitors, the crystal, 
switches, jacks, voltage reg- 
ulator (IC7), and then all of the 
10 sockets. Make sure you don't 
install the input and output 
jacks in the wrong locations. 
The output jack has three ter- 
minals so that if you use head- 
phones you 11 hear sound from 
both sides. Be sure to orient the 
polarized capacitors correctly. 
Do not install the ICk yet and 
don't remove them from their 
packaging just yet either When 
youVe completed the soldering, 
carefully double check parts 
placement and look for solder 
splashes and bridging. The 
completed VFX card is shown in 
Fig. 9. 

Hardware checkout 

Now we will perform a hard- 
ware checkout, one IC at a time. 
Precautions against static dis- 
charge should be followed when 
handling the IC's, Electrostatic 
discharge can cause very subtle 
damage in the IC that can be 
hard to find— the kind that is 


FILTER DESIGN SOFTWARE 

The digital filter used in the echo and 
reverb effect was designed with the ii[ter 
and digital analysis software (FDAS) 
from Momentum Data Systems soft- 
ware. The software was used to imple- 
ment a finite impulse response (RR) 
filter. The optional code generator wrote 
the source code for the filter given its 
characteristics. The package also runs 
on the ADSP-2101 processor and other 
family members. The PDAS software 
can also implement other kinds of digital 
fitters than FIR^ including mfinite im- 
pulse response (UR) and some anatog 
equivalents. R-E 


-6JMCHES- 


COMPONEKT SIDE of the VFX board. 


SOLDER SIDE of the VFX board. 


worth avoiding. 

First apply 9-volt DC jiower to 
Jl and verify that there is 5 volts 
on the power pins of each !C 
socket. When verified, remove 
power from the board and plug 
In IC6, the negative-supply gen- 


erator Now reapply 9-volts DC 
to Jl and measure pin 5 of ICS; 
the v^oltage should be the nega- 
tive of the voltage on ICS pin 8 or 
- 12 volts (whichever is less). 

Next, check pins 1 and 4 of 
IC3 for "5 volts ± 0,2 volt and 
+ 5.0 ± 0.2 volt, respectively. 


Install ICL 1C2, ICIO, and ICll 
in their respective sockets. For 
the RAM test, set all the SI DIP 
switches to the "on" position 
and apply power to the board. 
The LED display should show 
the number "6," Press the shift 
continued on page 94 


51 


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FROM 

NotWorking 
^NETWORKING 

Learn about basic and advanced equipment 
for troubleshooting LAN^s, 


THIS IS PART 2 OF A THREE-PART SE- 

ries on troubleshooting local- 
area networks (LANs). In Part 1 
we presented technical back- 
ground on network tech* 
nologles including cable types, 
topologies, signal schemes, and 
access protocols. This time we 
introduce the tools and test 
equipment necessary to service 
LAN's quickly and effectively. 
Next time well put our knowl- 
edge to work in diagnosing and 
solving easy and difficult net* 
work problems. 

Experts say that cable faults 
cause more than 70% of all net* 
work failures. Cable faults may 
sound simple in theor>^ but, in 
practice, diagnosing and locat- 
ing them can bring strong men 
to tears. However, common 
sense, good test equipment, 
and intelligent substitution 
techniques can take you a long 
way toward rapid » inexpensive 
repair 

Common sense helps you lo- 
calize the problem to avoid 
wasting time performing irrele- 
vant tests. Good test instru- 
ments are your eyes and ears 
into the LAN; equipment can be 
as simple as a $20 digital multi- 
meter (DMM) or as complex as a 
time-domain reflectometer 
(TDR) costing thousands of dol- 
lars, (A TDR uses radar*like 
techniques to measure the dis- 
tance to a cable fault* TXpically a 
test Instrument transmits a sig- 
nal and measures the lime it 


GARY McCLELLAN 

takes for its reflection to return 
to the source,) 

Gone are the days of mind- 
lessly swapping computers, 
boards, and cables. Instead we 
use intelligent swapping to lo- 
calize a problem, and then use 
appropriate test equipment to 
find the suspect part. Next we 
install a substitute, and if the 
LAN comes to life, that part re- 
mains. Otherwise, we will re- 
peat the process until the fault 
disappears and the LAN comes 
on-line. 

Some training firms claim 
that only a screwdriver is re- 
quired to service a LAN. We 
won't go that far — but with the 
techniques discussed here, 
well come close. 

Hand tools 

Common hand tools are 
useful in servicing LANs. T^ble 
1 describes the basic require- 
ments; youll probably add 
other, more specialized tools to 
the list as time goes on. 

One quick and easy way to get 
the tools you need Is to buy a 
Jensen tool kit. For example, 
the reasonably priced JTK-5 
tool kit contains all the essen- 
tials for servicing Ethernet 
LAN's. Also check witli Jensen 
for tools and tool kits suitable 
for twisted-pair and Tbken Ring 
LANs. 

Probably the most common 
problem in LAN service is con- 
nectors. Sooner or later, you II 


have to replace a bad one. The 
best way to learn the proper 
techniques is to work with 
someone already skilled in the 
art. Falling that, there are other 
resources. TYy a local electronic 
parts distributor for manufac- 
turers literature on connector 
installation. Or locate a copy of 
the Radio Amateurs Handbook, 
published by the American Ra- 
dio Relay League. The Con- 
struction Practices chapter of 
that handbook describes the 
proper way to install BNC*type 
coaxial connectors. You might 
also contact AMP and other 
manufacturers to request as- 
sembly information on their 
crimp-on coax and RJ-xx series 
connectors. The sidebar lists 
several sources of Information, 

The DMM 

No service technician in his 
right mind would be caught 
dead without a DMM; it is liter- 
ally indispensable. You can use 
It to service LANs, and also to 
check building AC-line power 
and repair electronic equip- 
ment of all types. DMM's are 
available with a dazzling variety 
of features. If you are shopping 
for a DMM. choose a Sya-diglt 
uniti tike the one shown In Fig, 
L that is easy to use, has the 
features you really need, and 
has a low price. Minimum LAN- 
specific requirements for a 
DMM include a 0 to 200 ohms 
range, a continuity beeper, a 0 


FIG. 1— A BASrC DMM, like the Ffuke Model 70, is an indispensable tool for LAN 
troubleshooting. 


to 20-volts DC range, and a 0 to 
200-volts AC range. Most 
DMM's sold today meet those 
minimum specifications. 

Let's discuss briefly how you 
can use a DIVIM for LAN ser\dc- 
Ing. Resistance and continuity 
are probably the most used 
functions in LAN servicing. Use 
the ohms function to measure 
iJie resistance of cables and ter- 
minator resistors, and to locate 
shorts or opens In cables and 
connectors. A low-end range of 
0 to 200 ohms is important be- 
fvj cause coaxial cables typically 
S measure less than 5,0 ohms 
jg end-to-end, and twisted pair 
f less than 20.0 ohms. To make 
^ this type of measurement, first 
power down the network to 
|- avoid affecting LAN operation, 
z Disconnect questionable cables 
S before making measurements. 
I High-resistance cables can 
I have partially severed wires or 
Qj bad connectors. Test all termi- 
nators (connector bodies con- 
54 tain ing 50^, 91-, or 100-ohm 


resistors) to ensure proper re- 
sistance. Use the continuity 
function to locate shorts and 
opens in cables and connectors. 
Audible beeps arc especially 
useful when working in dark or 
tight places like plenums 
(dropped ceilings). 

The DC function is useful as 
well. Ethernet LAN*s carry 5-vo!l 
power and data to the trans- 
ceivers attached to the back- 
bone cable. Use the DMM to 
verify that power is present at 
the transceiver if it does not 
have a Power Good indicator. 
You can also use the DC volts 
function to verify voltages in 
emergency lights and uninter- 
ruptable power supplies 
(UPS's). 

Last but not least, use the AC 
volts function to measure AC 
power outlets and noise levels 
on the LAN cables. It is not un- 
common for power problems to 
cause trouble on a LAN» par- 
ticularly when the file server or 
hub computer is affected. Then 


the whole network may crash. 
Just check the outlet voltage 
with a DMM. and if it is outside 
the 105 to 125-voft AC operating 
range of most computers, call 
an electrician? 

Noise problems can be a big 
headache, especially on LANs 
with unshielded twisted-pair 
(UTP) cable. Noise causes ran- 
dom data errors and. in serious 
cases, can crash the network. 
Measure noise with a DMM by 
connecting it to one end of the 
cable, making sure the other 
and is terminated properly. The 
DMM reading for a good UTP ca- 
ble can be in the range of 5 milli- 
volts or less. A high reading can 
uncover unusual faults such as 
a coil of excess cable or cable 
routed too close to EMI sources 
such as fiuorescent lighting fix- 
tures. In fact, the author once 
determined that a 50-foot coil of 
excess UTP left on top of a light 
fixture by an installer was caus- 
ing intermittent problems on a 
newly installed LAN. The prob- 
lem drove everyone crazy for 
months! Using a DMM as a 
noise meter has limited utility 
because DMM's measure voltage 
in the kHz range, not in the 4 to 
16-MHz range typical of most 
networks protocols. 

Worse. DMMs don't measure 
impulse noise, which is es- 
pecially disruptive to LAN oper- 
ation. For that type of measure- 
ment, we must go to more 
specialized equipment such as 
that described in the following 
sections. 

Microtest cable scanner 

Microtest was the first compa- 
ny to provide specialized, all-in- 
one LAN test equipment such as 
the Microtest Cable Scanner. 
This handheld instrument con- 
tains ever>^thing you need to 
troubleshool LAN cables, in- 
cluding ohmmeten noise meter, 
time domain reflectometer 
(TDR). Ethernet activity 
monitor^ and cable tracer Best 
of all. the Cable Scanner is rea- 
sonably priced and readily avail- 
able. Figure 2 shows the Cable 
Scanner and several other sim- 
ilar models. 

Although optimized for Eth- 
ernet LANs, the Cable Scanner 
also tests unshielded twisted 


FIG. 2— MICROTESrS HANDHELD LAN TESTERS combine most-needed features in 
easy-to-u&o, hand-held packages. Clockwise from upper left are the Cable Scanr^er, 
the Ring Scanner, the Pair Scanner, and the Quick Scanner. 


pair (UTP), shielded twisted 
pair (STP). Token Ring, and 
RS-232 cables with simple 
adapters. In addition. Micro test 
offers specialized scanners spe- 
cifically for testing unique fea- 
tures of other cable. 

Key features of the Cable 
Scanner Include resistance and 
continuity functions, a basic 
noise meter and a TDR„ The 
noise meter is a simple AC volt- 
meter that reads millivolt noise 
in the l-kHz range: it has no 
capability for measuring im- 
pulse noise. Due to the shield- 
ing nature of coaxial cable, 
noise problems are less com- 
mon in Ethernet systems — ^but 


they do happen. The Cable 
Scanner is adept at sensing 60- 
Hz power-line noise that often 
appears in problematic coaxial 
cable systems. 

The TDR function can locate 
shorts and opens in LAN cables. 
Operating it is as simple as 
pushing a button. The device 
then injects pulses Into the ca- 
ble where they travel until they 
strike a fault, and subsequently 
bounce back to the Instrument. 
The Cable Scanner measures 
the travel time, calculates dis- 
tance to the fault, and then dis- 
plays the distance. All you have 
to do is inspect the cable at that 
distance and repair the fault. 


Remember that for a TDR to 
work properly* all equipment 
must be turned off. Otherwise, 
data on the line could cause 
false distance readings — not to 
mention what it would do to on- 
line computers! You should also 
know that all TDR*s have a blind 
spot, or dead zone, from where 
the instrument connects to 
some distance down the cable. 
The Cable Scanner cannot de- 
tect faults occurring within the 
first 25 feet of cable, if you sus- 
pect a fault in that section, in- 
spect the cable manually, or 
make another measurement 
from the other end of the cable. 

The Cable Scanner *s Ethernet 
activity monitor is useful for 
spotting bad transceivers and 
other cases of network overload. 
Recall from Part 1 of this series 
that Ethernet works on a first- 
come, first-served basis, some- 
what like an old-fashioned tele- 
phone party line. Whoever 
speaks first gets the line. 
Should something go wrong — 
for example, a transceiver that 
"jabbers" or talks all the time — 
traffic could soar to 100% 
usage. That, in turn, would pre- 
vent other computers on the 
network from exchanging data 
because their collision sense 
multiple access (CSMA) circuit- 
ry would force them to wait con- 
tinuaUy. The result is that LAN 
operation would come to a 
grinding halt. 

The activity monitor counts 
the number of data packets 
(messages) sent between com- 
puters on the network over a set 
time period (for example, one 
second or one minute). Then it 
calculates percent usage. You 
then look up that value on a 
chart to determine whether 
there are problems. If so, you 
must troubleshoot to locate the tn 
cause of the fault, 

The Cable Scanner also has | 
an optional cable tracer that al- ^ 
lows you to trace a specific cable ^ 
as it runs through the building ^ 
alongside others. This is a m 
handy feature because LAN ca- g 
bles look alike, making it easy to B 
waste time tracing the wrong ^ 
cable. To operate the cable z 
tracer, you must also purchase a i 
cigarette-pack-sizc receiver. In 
operation, the Cable Scanner 55 


sends a special signal over the 
cable under test. Then you hold 
the receiver next to each cable In 
turn; the one that produces a 
warble tone is the one you want. 

Mjcrotest also sells more spe- 
cialized instruments for testing 
other kinds of cables. For UTP/ 
STP cables there is the Pair 
Scanner, which addresses ma- 
jor twisted-pair concerns in- 
cluding impulse noise and 
signal loss through the cable* 
The Pair Scanner also has 
switching capabilities for se- 
lecting different transmit/re- 
ceive pairs, as well as a hub 
computer test function. For 
Token Ring cabling there is the 
Ring Scanner, which isolates 
faulty multistation access units 
(MAUs), determines whether 
the ring maintains continuity, 
and monitors network traffic. 
Interestingly, it can simulate 
network faults, so you can per- 
form "fire drills" on a good LAN 
and get a feel for symptoms be- 
fore they occur All Microtest 
products provide a serial output 
for logging data or printing 
hard copy reports. 

Paladin Patch Check 

Growing popularity of UTP- 
based LAN*s has created a mar- 
ket for special test tools. One 
good example is a simple, low- 
cost cable tester from Paladin 
Corporation called Patch 
Check. Patch Check, shown in 
Fig. 3» identifies the most com- 
mon faults in UTP systems, 
namely bad connectors, shorts, 
and opens. 

Patch Check tests the full 
range of UTP systems, from sin- 
gle- to four- pair cables termi- 
nated in RJ-11 or RJ-45 con- 
nectors. Operation is simply a 
matter of snapping both ends of 
the cable into the unit, pushing 
the Test button, and watching 
the indicators. Bad connections 
or opens appear as one or more 
unilluminated LED's: shorts ap- 
pear as multiple simulta- 
neously lit indicators. Paladin 
also offers a remote indicator for 
situations where you can*t get 
at both ends of the cable. 

Patch Check can save lots of 
time. For example, in resolving 
one problem described in Part 3 
of this series, the author check- 


ed a cable with Patch Check in 
ten seconds, vs. five minutes on 
a DMM! 


FIG, 3— PALADIN S PATCH CHECK pro- 
vides instant go/no-go testing of RJ-11 
and RJ-45 telephone-style connectors, 
used for shielded and unshielded twist- 
ed-pair wiring. 


Tektronix 1502C TDR 

Of all the equipment dis- 
cussed in these articles, the 
Tektronix 1502C TDR is oldest 
and best established. For find- 
ing tough problems it can't be 
beat. It can identify badly 
crimped connectors, crushed 
coaxial cables, wiring chewed 
by rodents, and more. It is sen- 
sitive enough to locate problems 
to within inches on the cable* 
The 1502C is a state-of-the-art 
version of a line of analog TDRs 
that goes back several decades- 

The 1502C looks much like a 
benchtop oscilloscope, as 
shown in Fig, 4, However, in- 
stead of the usual cathode ray 
lube (CRTK the 1502C has a liq- 
uid crystal display (LCD J to re- 
duce power consumption and 
weight. A removable reticle fits 
over the display, which shows 
cable impedance vs. distance. 
The operating controls are sim- 
ple, and there are less of them 
than on an oscilloscope. An ex- 
cellent operator's manual helps 
new or infrequent users operate 
the device. 

Key features of the 1502C in- 
clude a negative-going output 
pulse, which shuts down live 


Ethernet transceivers, and a 
zoosu feature that allows you to 
examine tiny faults which show 
up as impedance spikes on the 
display. Zoom helps you find 
problems like rusty connectors 
or bad crimps. In Part 111 we will 
show how we found an un- 
authorized cable tap using 
these features. 

One important feature is the 
propagation-rate control. It's 
Important because it deter- 
mines the distance accuracy of 
the TDR. As you might recall 
from physics class, electrons 
travel at the speed of light in a 
vacuum. But in the real world of 
copper cabling, signals travel 
much slower The speed reduc- 
tion is due to insulation quality 
and conductor diameter. The 
propagation-rate control cali- 
brates the equipment to com- 
pensate for the slower con- 
duction in the cable, thereby 
providing correct distance In- 
dications. 


RESOURCES ^ 
Following are addresses of 
manufacturers whose products 
were discussed In ttiis articie. 
Contact them for cyrrent pricing 
and more information. 

• Paladin Corporation, 3543 Old 
Conejo Rdn Newbury Park, CA 
92123, {800) 272-8665. 

• Jensen Toolsjnc, 7815 S. 46th 
Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85044, (602) 
968-6231. 

• MicroTest, Inc., 3519 E, Shea 
Blvd. Suite 134, Phoenix* AZ 
85028, (800) 526-9675. 

• Radio Amateur's Handbook, 
American Radio Relay League, 
Newington^CT 06111 

• Tektronix, Inc., Redmond Divi- 
sion, 625 S. E. Salmon Dr., Red" 
mond, OR 97756, (800) 833-9200. 

• AMR Inc., P.O, Box 3608, Har- 
risburg, PA 17105, (717) 561-6168. 


Typically you set the propaga- 
tion rate by consulting a chart 
published by the cable man- 
ufacturer or LAN equipment 
vendor Values are usually ex- 
pressed as a percentage of the 
speed of light, c. The higher the 
percentage, the faster the sig- 
nals travel through the cable, 
lyplcal Ethernet backbone ca- 
ble has a propagation rate of 
0,76c. Some sources refer to 
propagation rate as the numer- 


ical value of propagation (NVP) 
or velocity factor (VF). The terms 
all mean the same thing. Re- 
gardless of name» It is impor- 
tant to set the propagation rate 
control of your TDR if you want 
it to display meaningful, accu- 
rate readings. 

Operating the 1502C Is 
straightforward. You begin by 
powering down the LAN equip- 
ment on the questionable cable 
segment and removing any ter- 
minator resistors. (Terminators 
can tricic a TDR into displaying 
fantastic cable lengths.) Then 
connect the TDR to the cable 
through an Impedance adapter, 
install the correct display 
reticle, and apply power Then 
adjust the controls, and you'll 
receive a visual indication of ca- 
ble quality 

Tektronix makes several 
other TDR*s. The 1503C analog 
TDR accommodates cables as 
long as 50»000 feet, and has an 
Ethernet option. The 1503C 
looks like a good choice for cable 
TV or aircraft carrier applica- 
tions. Tbktronix also makes the 
TMA-802, a moderately priced 
digital TDR and Ethernet ac- 


tivity monitor. 

Analog vs. digital 

In this article, we have de* 
scribed two types of TDR's: dig- 
ital (Microtest) and analog 
(Tfektronix). Each type of TDR 
has its own advantages and dis- 
advantages; both Instruments 
are widely used in LAN servic- 
ing. 

The major differences be- 
tween the two are in informa- 
tion display and sensitivity to 
minor faults. Push a button on 
a digital TDR, and youll read 
something like Short 40 Ft on 
the display Digital TDR's are 
great for novice users because 
they make it easy to understand 
results. Their drawback, how- 
even Is that they report only ma- 
jor faults, missing minor ones 
that often cause the most frus- 
trating problems. 

Him on an analog TDR and 
you'll see a oscilloscope-style 
wavy line over a black reticle cal- 
ibrated in impedance vs, dis- 
tance. Clearly the analog TDR is 
Intended for more experienced 
users who can disregard the 
dead zone, interpret Impedance 


changes, and read distance 
from the reticle. Analog TDR's 
also have an amazing sen- 
sitivity to rusty contacts In con- 
nectors, water-logged cables, 
and other faults that can go un- 
detected with less-sensitive in- 
struments. 

Network certification 

Another issue is network cer- 
tification, which is becoming 
Increasingly important as cor- 
porations continue the down- 
sizing trend. Downsizing In- 
volves using networks of PC's to 
perform mission-critical ap- 
plications formerly run on 
mainframes, Miss!on*criticaJ 
means that the health and com- 
petitiveness of the company de- 
pend critically on the computer 
systems that support the com- 
pany. Without a reliable net- 
work, workers can't do their 
jobs, so goods and services are 
delivered to customers late. If 
customer dissatisfaction In- 
creases^ the company suffers, 
and so do jobs. Clearly, we all 
have a vested interest in keep- 
ing our LAN networks running 
reliably 

In the past, LAN cables were 
often pulled by electrical or tele- 
phone wiring contractors who 
might not have had proper tools 
and expertise. As a result, Eth- 
ernet cables may exceed recom- 
mended lengths, excess UTP 
cable may be left colled in plen- 
ums over fluorescent fixtures, 
and so on. Those problems de- 
crease LAN performance and, 
even worse, can serve to reduce 
reliability. 

In response, major LAN ven- 
dors have devised performance 
tests to help ensure that LANs 
meet standards for noise level, 
cable length, attenuation, and 
other factors that affect perfor- to 
mance and robustness, 'S 

Without thinking out the | 
problem the fanciest TDR in the | 
world will be useless* Develop ^ 
your ability to identify a prob- ^ 
lem and logically work your way m 
through possible causes until it S 
is solved- 3 

Be sure to join us in Part III g 
when we will roll up our sleeves z 
and traubleshoot actual LANs i 
with the equipment and tools 
described here, r-e 57 


The 555 


FIG. 1— FUNCmNAL BLOCKS OF THE 555 TIMER with its pinoul fdentifled. 


Learn to use the 555 and 556 timer IC in practical 
circuits to obtain accurate time delays and square waves 


m ANY ASSOCIATION TEST FOR 

those who know integrated cir- 
cuits, the three digits 555 wili 
summon up the instant re- 
sponse "timer IC." It's the short 
form generic designation for 
progeny of the NE555. a popular 
monolithic timer/oscillator IC 
first introduced by Signetics 
^ many years ago. Still widely sec- 
ond-sourced because of its ver- 
t satility, the 555 ranics as a 
I standard "building bloclt. " 
52 The 555 and its derivatives 
^ can be found in thousands of 
^ different circuits, and its pos- 

0 sibilities for further applica- 
g tions appear limitless. Al- 
'I though classed as a linear IC, it 

1 is often used in digital or 
il *'quasi«digital" applications be- 
cause its inputs and outputs 

58 are essentially square waves 


rather than sine or other com- 
plex waveforms. This article ex- 
plains how the 555 works and 
shows you how to apply the IC 
In various practical control cir- 
cuits. 

A 555/556 overview 

Figure 1 is a simplified 
block diagram of the 555 show- 
ing its principal functional 
blocks: threshold comparator, 
trigger comparator, R-S Hip- 
flop, low-power complementary 
output stage, slave discharge 
transistor, and a voltage-refer- 
ence potential divider Both 
halves of a dual version of the 
555 (two 555 s on a single chip J, 
the 556, have identical elec- 
trical characteristics. The 
555/556 will run from 4.5 to 16 
volts DC, although a typical 


supply will be + 12 volts DC or 
less. 

The outstanding features of 
the 555/556 include: 

• Timing adjustable from mi- 
croseconds to hours 

• Duty cycle adjustable 

• Ability of output to source 
(supply) or sink (dissipate) 200- 
milliampere current 

• Output can drive TTL logic 
circuits 

• Temperature stability ex- 
ceeds 0,005 %/"C 

• Normally **on" and normally 
"off* output 

The 555 and 556 were de- 
signed for precision timing ap- 
plications, Willi the timing 
Interval controlled by an exter- 
nal resistor and capacitor (RC) 
network. The devices contain 
voltage dividers consisting of 


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Allow tor Shipping • Vifrite for latesl Catalog Sypplemant 
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TALK TO YOUR COMPUTER 

WITH VOICE MASTER KEY® 

A PROFESSIONAL VOICE PROCESSING SYSTEM 

ADD UP TO 1024 VOICE COMMANDS TO EXISTING PROGfiAMSl 

Spoods data entry and command input to GAD, desk-top pyblishtng. 
wofd processing, spread sheet, data base. Of game programs. Simply 
train the compuief to recogrii?© a word orphr^ and assign a series uf 
hay strokes to that command Pop-up TSR pfogram features pull-down 
menus and mouse support Requsres under ISKof main memory if EMS 
present Near instant response time and h'hgti recognition accuracy. 

SOUND RECOflDtNQ STUDIO 

Dtgrta3Jy record yotir own speecti, 
sound, or music Software COntroled 
sampSiJig rate (up to 25Kby^es^'sec} 
v^ith graphicft^tiased aditiog and casa 
contpfBSsiofi t ftPS i gf . CiralB cus* 
rDrnfzsd aucfo wtittmatn for use wAhtn 
edftn^tion, Uin^juioe tra^incL presen* 
taijom. entertainment etc DMA data 
transfer provides cotitinuqiis rsqord- 
tng and playbacK of sound to/from 
hard disk. PC intemal speaker sup- 
ported Windows* compattblQ mul- 
iJmad^a drivers Includea. 

INTERACTIVE SPEECH INPIH^ AND OUTPUT 

Add your own custom-made digitized audio fifes to voice recogniiton 
macros. Provides speech/sound response to your spoken commands - 
alf from within virtually ALL DOS application softwajel Reduces CRT "eye 
fixatjorV. Also ideal tor triiSning, security, fobotics. viMuai reality, factory- 
business- home automation, muliimedta, handicapped, etc. 

SUPPORTED with latki^g and/o/ interactive software from IBM, Mitiii^en^ 
Fidt B^, Davidson, O^mum Resources. Compton's, Sectranic Arts, 
Hmf^ot C>8n9e Cherry, Wesson inXX Vm C^po. MoGiBW-fED. Intm- 
Amt« FutureTrend^. witoi) Overseas. Laure^e Imrrmg Systefrts, 
^nerican EdiJcationaJ Sofrww, Paul P4ace. Brigfttb^H-llobefls. etc. 

EVERYTHING INCLUDEO Voice Master Key System cons^ of a half- 
size card, durable RghiweSqlfl micraphofie headset, software (5 25' ffop- 
pies unless otherwise speofied)* and manual. Made in U S A One year 
warrafTty on hardware. 

ONLY $109.95 (piutijiippiflg} 
ORDER KOTUNE call (503) 342-1271 Monday-Friday 8 AM to 5 PM 

Pacific Time. VlSArM aster Cafd/American Ej( press phone or FAX o^^cfers 
welcome, NO CODS, Add S6 shipping chargo for delivery in USA and 
Canada Payment by personal check subject to 3 week snipping delay. 
Fofolgn inquiries contact Co vox for C&F/CIF profofmas. 

SO DA Y MONEY BACK GUARAN^fEE tF NOT COMFLETELY SATISFIED. 
CALL . WTUTE, or FAX US FOR FREE PRODUCT CATALOC 


CDVOX INC 

675 Conger Street 

Eugene. Oregon 97402 U.S.A. 


T»l; (S03J 342^1271 
FAX: {503J 342-1383 
BBS; (S03) 342^135 


FAIR RADIO SALES 

1016 E.EUREKA • Box 1105 • LIMA, OHfO • 45802 


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RS# RS# 

111 ActonS... ....60A26 286 

212 Att Communkalknis 60A5 1 — 

— ALS Satctlilc 60A72 1*7 

2B Alfa FJfctrDnici eOA63 288 

296 All Kl«:lmntes 60A60-6 1 251 

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282 CaiRLalK... ....eOA59 308 

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230 Dcbco EJectniiik::! 60A8 268 

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247 inicriitthi Image Technology 60A34-3S 277 

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UM aOA36 

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MCM Elcctnioks 60A4T 

Mencttlstin Kleclrauics Surphu. ►60A2I 

MenlAl Autonmllon 60A30 

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MJdwrtt IJBcr ...6QA30 

MJnf Eaginetring. ..60*57 

MondoCrooki 6QA78 

Motim tkctfooks,,..-..^ 6aA79 

MouDtaJB View Saki ......... 60A70 

Moiticr Ek^tnoJo 60AS6 

Mork^ltiv 60A3 

MWK Indtntrks .60A27 

Natl An»tnir Radio Assoc 60A74 

Naikmal Aditmcefnent Corp, . . .60A74 

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New Stfwor Carp. 50A20 

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Ocean Stale KtcctronteS ... . 60A49 

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Opioeleclrofiki 60A7 

Ral Kkctrooks 60A56 

FUladin FJecmmk*. . 60A74 

E^mji EiprtH Inc. . . 60^52-^53 

PCBoanb . eOA56 

Fitnmr EktTlopniail 60A64 

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BmrlMttK 60A38 

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Prizoi Rooiirw .1 ««... 6aA29 

Project Ptti .60A66 

R'4 SyMeim loc* 60A5S 

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WPT Publications. ... 60A25 

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CIRCLE Z» ON FREE tNFORliATlOH CARD 


MIKE NELSON'S 
OVIE VIEW SALES, INC. 


WHERE YOU'RE TREATED ROUTE AND GIVEN INDIVIDUALIZED ATTENTIONI 
INFO (708) 250-8690/FAX (708) 250-8755 
P.O BOX 26 • WOOD DALE. IL 60191 
Call C.S.T. Monday thru Friday 9:00 • 6:00 • Sal. 10:00 - 2:00 
Friendly Courteous Service • 1 0 Yrs, Experience • 6 Mo. Warranty 


JERROLD 


13 


4 or more 


NEW TRI/BI COMBO {FIB) 


125.00 


120.00 


NEWTR(/B1 PAN 


75.00 


55.00 


NEW SB-3 COMBO 


110,00 


105.00 


NEW SB-3 PAN 


55.00 


50.00 


DPV-72t2 


260.00 


CALL 


STARCOM m (1 PC UNIT) 


215.00 


CALL 


DPBB-7212 


CALL 


MIKE 


CAMOUFLAGE TRI/MODE 


CALL 


MIKE 


NEW FTB-2 


75.00 


55.00 


NEW SB-2 


55.00 


50.00 


HAMLIN 


1-3 


4 or more 


NEW HAMLIN COMBO (CH 2 OR 3) 


110.00 


105.00 


NEW HAMLIN MLD-1200 


50.00 


45.00 


MLD' 1200-2 


50.00 


45.00 


Price effective 7/1/92 (Subject to change without notice) 


MOST ORDERS SHIPPED SAME DAY! 


QTY. 


ITEM 


PRICE EA. 


TOTAL PRICE 


SUBl 


'OTAL 


SHIPPING Add $4.00 per unit 


$4.00 PER COD TAG'CREDIT CARDS Add 5% 
TOTAL 


ABSOLUTELY NO (LLINOIS SALES 


VISA-MASTER □ CCD. □ 

CASHIER^S CHECK O MONEY ORDER □ 

ORDERS ONLY: 1-800 735-5912 


PIONEER 


1-3 


4 or more 


•NEW SA-PiO-COMBO 


155,00 


150.00 


NEW SA-PIO-PAN W/SWITCH 


80.00 


75.00 


NEW GRIG. SA-6100 PAN 


CALL 


MIKE 


SCIENTIFIC ATLANTA 


1-3 


4 or more 


*NEW SA-3 COMBO (SA-3B) 


125.00 


120.00 


NEWSA 3 PAN 


75.00 


55.00 


S550: 


175.00 


165.00 


8580: 


250.00 


CALL 


8536: 


195.00 


CALL 


OAK 


1-3 


4 or more 


NEW OAK N-12 COMBO(Vari Sync) 


115.00 


110.00 


NEW OAK N-12 PAN(Vari Sync) 


80.00 


55.00 


M-35-B 


50.00 


45,go 


PANASONIC- VIE WSTAR 


20 LOT 


100 LOT 


75.00 


CALL 


ZENITH: Z-TAK 


220.00 


CALL 


NOTCH FILTERS 


16.00 


12.00 


* All Combos come with new Panafonrc or 


VIewstar converter. 

(Parental lockout units: No extra charge,) 

Volume control units available 

(WAIVER) " MUST iE SIGNED FQH OUR RECORD 


I Yes, I am paying mr full service. This is 
only to &e used as a second unit. 

DECLARATION OF AUTHORIZED USE - 1, the undersigned, do hereby 
decla/«. under penalties of perfury. that all products purchased, now and in 
the lutwe, will only be used on cable TV systenre wrth proper ai/ffioruaUoo 
from local olfioats or cable company otfictals in accordance with aJi 
applicable federal and state taws. FEDERAL AND various STATE LAWS 
PROVIDE FOR SUBSTATfTlAL CRIMINAL AND ClVtL PENALTIES FOR 
UNAUTHORIZED USE. 


SIGNATURE 

X 

Jt Is not the intent of MOVIE VIEW to defraud any television operator m6 we 
will not assist any company or IrKlrvidual in doing the same. 


Danj # Exp. Dale 

^ame 

Address 

Dity State Z ip 

^hone ( ) 

If for any reason you are not satisfied with any Item purchased, 
you may return ft within 30 days of delivery for a full refund. 


• Same Day Shipment • Quality Brands • Low Prices 


$34.35 

Model ZHS 


MAGNETIC PROBE 
SENSES MAGNETIC FIELDS 

Tlus sale non^antad pfobe a^iows you to lioubte- 
stoot AC and DC soEenoid-operaie^ (Sevta, nriays 
or any device umq a coil Also detects tramieni 
pylses as fast as lOmS and fdintifics nonh and 
south poles, Place the probe ctosc to the coil and 
rf tne LED is cn the device is energized. Probe 
operating frequency is D€-400Hi, 


2MHz FUNCTION GENERATOR 

Features a 4-digil frequency counlor display. 
Operates at 120/220/240 VAC 50/60Hr. Complete 
with power card^ one cable BHQ to Insulated clips, 
manual and t-year warranty. 


$179.0° 

Reg. $199.<" 
Model ZC38i2oa 

HANDHELD 
1.25GHz 
FREQUENCY 
COUNTER Wmm^ 

Mkcroprocessof-based counter measures 
frequency Irnn 1 0 m 10 1 .25GHr and peiiod 
fr&m 0,1 MS to tOOms. Includes data tioW. mhv 
max/average readings and retittve frequency 
measurements. Complete witti 4 AA batteries, 
manual and 1-year warranty. 


$55, 


DC 


Reg. $53." 
Model 20375370 


PROGRAMMABLE 
DIGITAL TIMER 

Provides yp to 6 on and 6 off 
settings per week with a min- 
imum switch time as low as 
1 minute. Plugs into 3-prong 
1 10VAC outlet and has battery backup (AAA 
battery Incl) to prevent programs from being 
cleared during power failure. Bated at 15amps. 
UL listed. 


Mi}deIBCDS1 
Tool Case 


Reg. $298 » 
rviodel R53 CDS1 
Tool Kit 


DOUBLE-SIDED 
CORDURA^'CASE 

One side has 45 pouches to hold your tools, the 
other side has a built m clipboard to hold a legal 
size pad oJ paper, a document pouch and 3 
pockets to hold small items. Trie case also 
features 3 poctets on the outside of the case, 

SERVICE 

SPECIALIST TOOL KIT 

56 piece tool kit includes the case above plus 
commonly needed nuldrivers, hex drivers, screw 
drivers, pliers, cutters, wrenches, crimping tool, 
wire stripper, soldering tools and more. 
(DMM is not incU 


$39. 


00 


$409. 

Reg. $499.'' 
Model ZV212 

HITACHI 

20MHz DUAL CHANNEL 
OSCILLOSCOPE 

Panel tayout is calot-cffilal to identify functions 
B3Siy. SerattMty 1 mABv. Codiplete wtSi probes, 
operator's manu^ and 3-yeaf wa/Tanty. 


Reo- W5." 
Model ZSP100 


X1.X10 

sWtichable 
oscilloscope probe 

Monolithic probe features a 100 MHi bandwidtti^ 
a 3.5ns risetinre, a wide compensation range 
(tOpF to 60pF), a break- resistant center conductor 
and a stiarp heavy-duty tip. Complete with spring 
tKKJk. B^^C adapter, IC and insulating tip and 
trimming tooi Cable lengtti is 1.5 meteis. 


$36 


00 


Refl. $42." 
Model ZP20D 


X10 OSCILLOSCOPE PROBE 

200MHr monoMhic probe provides superior 
performance with a risetime oJ less ttian 1.5ns 
and a sharp pulse response. Complete with sprung 
hook, trimmer toot, 6" ground lirte, BNC actapter, 
iCand isolatlrH} tip. Cabie length is 1.2 meters. 


$39.«' 

Model Z1G4Z0 

ESD FIELD 
SERVICE KIT 

Kit includes a Wue st^tic-dissipalive vinyl worlt 
surface (ie'x22'x0.30") with two ferirale snap 
fasteners, a common-point grounding c^rd (15 ). 
one adjustable wf>st strap v/ith a 1 megohm 
resistor, a 6' cord and a 7^13* storage case. 


$109, 


00 


Model ZB15 
BXPnECiSiOti 

HAND-HELD 
PARTS TESTER 

This 2000 count. 3Vr digit LCD 
display meter tests capacitance 
(20mF],restslaiics(20Mn). 
transistor h^. SCRs. diodes, LEDs and batteries. 
Comes wrth 9V battery, manual, test l^s and 
1-year warranty. 


$24." 

Model ZPB1 


i 


AUDIBLE 
CONTINUITY 

TESTER ^ 

Tester gives a clear audible sound on point-to- p€int 
continuity and is suitable for Go/No-Go test for 
wires, cables. LEDs. switches, diodes, transistors, 
0tC- Complete wttn test protjes and detacfiaWe 
alligator dips. Operates on 9v battery (not incL). 


contact east 


North Andover MA 01845 
Offer Expires Oct. 31,t992 


• Same Day Shipment • Low Prices • Money Back Guarantee 


Model RRIVISZ25 


zkwwmn fnduMrimi 

4 DIGIT 
TRUE RMS DMM 

* 0,25 7o accuracy 

« 41 segment analog liargraph 

« 3*year warranty 

Fythfunction. auto- ranging OhIM with 4 6tgK 
10.000 count resolution measures DC vottage 
and curr^ni. resistance and true RMS AC 
vottage and current. It features a conUnuity 
t)eep€r, diode test, an Auto Min-Maj« motle. a 
raiative mode and a protm hold mode. Comes 
complete with manual, test leads^ batterv(9V)« 
and protective fioFster, 


$109. 


00 


$129. 


00 


Reg4133» 
Mode! R3eQ91Z 


RBg.$159," 
Model H38091F 


DCA/ACA 
CLAMP METER 

Functions as 3 1/2 Digit DMM 

Transformer jaws measure up to 4 00 A AC/OC 
and a peak- hold function provides recall ot AC 
or OC current surges. As a DMM it measures 
AC voltage, OC voltage. AC/DC current and 
resistance. The meter has the following 
rangesiACV: 750V: DCV: 200mV. 200V; 
DCA/ACA: 2O0A,4OOA: Resistance; 2000 ohms 
Resolution down lo 0 JmV. 0 lA and 1 ohm. 
Comes compfete with test leads . battery, 
carrying case and 1-year mmnPf. Model 
R3SG91 F aiso has a bui\\-tn temperature 
function, 0-1400=^^ 


$59, 


95 


Model RIMS Tool Case 


$299.00 

Regular $355." 
R22-iM5 117 Pc. Tool Ktl 


THE 

PROFESSIONAL'S TOOL CASE 

• Case top \m built-in document holder 

• Case bottom is partitioned Into 3 areas 

• Two removable pallets hold over 60 tools 

A handsome black case to organize and transport your valuable tools 
and instruments. Tliis is the same quality case used by thousands of 
professional field engineers. Case is made of high Impact polypropylene, 
and has snap-action key loc^s and a padded handle. 
Sire; 17 1/2- X 12 1/2* )t 5', 

117-PC. PROFESSIONAL FIELD SERVICE KIT 

The complete kit comes with the tool case described above and a 
complete selection of quality, brand -name tools mcluding Diamond, 
Xcelite and Welter, The kit includes screv^dnvers, pliers, tweezers, 
cutters, wrenches, alignment tools, hex driver blades and a crimping 
tool, wire stripper, soldering iron & supplies, socket set, pen light. 
I ns pecti on mi r ro r, ha m mer a nd mere. 


Ufetime Guarantee: Any tool that fails under normal use wilt 
be replaced free ol charge. 


$149." ne8.$183» 
Model ZC2a93 

SERVICE VACUUM CLEANER 

Features a powerful 11 peak HP motor, easy 
change double-layer filter bag. shoukJer strap 
and biiiEt tn handte Toner-safe Complete with 
a 6 Tuffex hose, dusting brush, crevice tool and 
brush, tube adapter, snorkel tube and small 
dusting brush, I2"3t1 TxS'. % lbs. 


$99.™ Reg. $128 « 
Model RWTCPS 

TEMPERATURE 
CONTROLLED 
SOLDERING SYSTEM 

Widely used m industry, it maintains a 
constant lip temperature of 700-F. Grounded lip protects components from 
voltage spikes. Comes power unit. iron, stand, sponge and 700-F tip 


$49 


00 


Rag. $58."° 
Modal ZP1KB 

BUTANE POWERED 
SOLDERING TOOL 

With cordless convenience this 
4Hn-t£okfering taol converts from 
i soMeringiron to bfow torch, hot bEower or hot knife. Butane gas powered 
CoRtptoH wilti bps, sponge, iron stand and carrying case. 


$49.95 

Model Z72aiF 

DIGITAL THERMOMETER 

f^Aeasures 0'' to 159'F , has a hiHo limit setitng, an 
accuracy ot ±P and a built in clock Junction A8S 
covered pmbe is suitable lor air/immeision appfic^- 
tions 1 SVbattefyinci 4oz. 


Terms: Visa, 
Mastercard 


ORDER TOLL FREE: 1 -800*225-5370 

In MA: (508) 682-2000 


CIRCLE 227 OM FniE INFOnMATION CAllO 


60A5 


SURPLUS 


20,000 12VDC/100MA 
WALL ADAPTERS 


CR655 


99« ea/5000 
$1.10 ea/1000 
$1.20 ea/100 
$1.35 ea/50 


13,000 7.5VDC/100MA 
UL/CSA WALL ADAPTERS 


CR6S2 


75C ea/SOOO 
85C ea/1000 
$1.00 ea/500 


327,000 ANTI-STATIC 
WET WIPES 


DIOOI 


$1.50/carton of 24 
in 500 carton lots 


10,000 ASTEC UM1625 
VIDEO MODULATORS 


20,000 12VDC/500MA 
WALL ADAPTERS 


13,500 HIGH QUALITY 
ANTI-STATIC MATS 


CR871 


99<^ ea/1000 
$1.09 ea/500 


WHITE 


CR919 


$1.75 ea/1000 


D1008 


$2.95 ea/200 


28,000 PHONO PLUGS 


4,000 SIX PENCELL 
BATTERY HOLDERS 


12,000 BOTTLES OF 
ANTI-STATIC SPRAY 


CRa70 


3.5« ea/5000 
4C ea/1000 


CR447 


19« ea/1000 


CR489 


58t ea/1000 


850 CABLE MASTERS 


I 
I 


c 

i 


25,000 MIYAMA SPST 
MOMENTARY SWITCHES 


2.5 AMP lOOOV 
SILICON RECTIFIERS 


CR558 


$3.50 ea/500 
$4.00ea/100 


CR446 


20C ea/1000 
24« ea/500 
28« ea/100 


DR511 


5t ea/4000 
6« ea/2000 


Surplus Traders specializes in the re-distribution of surplus 
parts and equipment to OEMs, exporters, reps, distributors, 
surplus dealers and volume users. Additional spec, and 
small fot prices available on request. 

We are maior buyers of surplus. Send us your list today. 
Write or fax on your lettertiead for free catalogs. 


P.O. BOX 276, WINTERS LANE 
ALBUfiG. VT. 05440 

514-739-9328 
(FAX 514-345-8303) 


CIRCLE 771 ON FREE INF0RUAT10N CARD 


60A6 


IVIade in the USA 


Our Name says quality, service and dependability - 
Our customers agree! 

"The bent part of the Optoelectronics LCD counters are their 
extreme sensitivity, their brilliant LCD readout that can be seen 
even in bright sunlight and the rugged construction allowing 
them to get banged around, hut still continue to operate smack 
dab on frequency.,. Yours is the only counter which reliably gives us 
(at Radio School) an instant frequency readout with its rock-steady 
LCD digits featuring incredible IHz resolution^" 
Gordon West 

Optoelectronics has satisfied its customers for over 18 years- 
See for yourself what countless 
oOiers have already discovered! 


FACTORY DIRECT ORDER LINE 

1-800-327-5912 

(305)771-2050 • FAX(305)771-2052 


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Mfg I - UGN30301J 
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® 

Inpyt; 115/125 60 Hi' 
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Seiko <:*>"i*1 
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ID 


Mfg - 
Mfg 0 
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Input; 120 VAC 60 Hz 30 W 
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$7*95 


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tion lOHz, It can be freq, phase or amplitude 
modulated firom ext or mt modulation sources. 
RF output resolution is 0.1 dB, revcisepower 
pro tec ti on of up to 50 Wis possi ble without dam - 
age to the bisuiimcnL This Ensirumeni is micro- 
processor Gonirolled and very easy to use, a 
must for any serious repair or development lab^ 
Prke: $1500*00 Checked 


COLLINS KWM-2A 
TRANSCEIVER 

A ^losstc HAM 1 00 w U'anccivcr. These units are 
U'ue to the classic collins style and quality, built 
to last more than s lifetime. Guarranieed to 
ptease any collector. Limited quandty tM 
Prke: S595^CM) %vtlh piggyback pwr-5upply« 


60A14 


CtRCtE 291 ON Fn EE INFORMATION CARO 


-I 


FREaUENCY COUNTERS 


15 00.0000 


ULTRA HIBH SENSITIVITY 
RF DETECTOR - COUNTER 
S INCH LEO BAR GRAPH 

Regular SSSO. value !! 


$169. 


iB-aca 


STAHTHK Bar Graph counters are s/mp^ t/ie best for 

finding frequencies, testing, adjusting, repatring or locating 
RF devices. Superior sensitivrty, longer battery operation, 
high quality USA construction and sutHiompact size are 
just a few of the reasons to setecl a mr/kPiTEK counter. 


SPECIAL LIMITED TIME OFFER 

PLEASE MENTION THIS AD FOR SPECIAL PRICE 

STANDARD FEATURES FOR ALL 6 MODELS 

3 to 5 HOUR BATTERY PORTABLE OPERATION 
Nl-CAD BATTERIES & 110VAC ADP/GHAR6ER INC. 
1 PPM TCXO TIME BASE WITH EXTERNAL ADJ. 
3 GATE TIMES. AUTO DECIMAL PLACEMENT 
HOLD SWITCH (WORKS PROPERLY- NO GATE CHG) 
9^12VDC AUTaPOLARIPt^ POWER INPUT 
StarCab'- OUAUTY ALUMINUM CABINET 
COMPUTER AIDED CIRCUIT DESIGN 
TOP QUALITY COMPONENTS - SOCKETED IC'S 
COMPATABLE WITH MFJ-207/200 ANT. ANALYZERS 
FULL YEAR PARTS & LABOR LIMITED WARRANTY 
DESIGNED & ASSEMBLED IN THE USA 


ACCESSORIES: 

#CC-90 BLACK VINYL CARRYING CASE $12.00 

#TA-90 TELESCOPING BNC ANTENNA 12.00 

10 PROBE, m MHZ. 1X-10X 38.00 

IM207IC CABLE FOR MFJ-207/208 10,00 


INTEFtrJAnONAL INC 


398 NE 38th St., Ft. Uuderdale, FL 33334 
SELECT YOUR STAfiTEK 


SAME DAY SHIPMENT 

Orders & Information 
305-561-2211 

Orders only 
800-638-8050 

FAX 305-561-9133 


FACTORY 
DIRECT 
ORDER 
LINES 


TERMS: Shipping4iandting charQes for Florida add $4 + lax, 
US & Canada add {$4 min - $10 max], others add o( 
lolal. COD lo« $4. VISA. MC or DISCOVER accepted. Pricoa 
& ipeciTicationB fttibfocl to chanQO withoul notice or obiigaUon. 

POCKET COUNTER" TODAY I 


p>3 


MEW LOWER PTOES 


13SO 

1 mH ■ lUO MHZ 
QUWJTY 4 EODWOMY 

$129 


ns-UH3 

t UHZ - 1500 UHZ 
ULTW HQH SENSmvrtY 
(REPLACES #1S0W*S) 

*$159 


to KZ ' 3400 UHZ 
HK3H SeiSfTr-TTY 

'$189 


3500 

10 HZ^:»OQ MHZ 

H^^ »#vr - LO iwioc 
WdH SENsmvrTY 

S250 


1 UHZ - 1500 MHZ 
Ulim HK3H SEHSmVfTY 
1 ilCH BARQRAW 

$SPECIAL$ 


35-eo 

1 UHZ - 3390 UHZ 
ULTPA KOH SENSdMTY 
2 WCH BAR GRAPH 

$265 


S? 
1 

to 
to 

m 

o 

a 

VI 

7L 
o 


CSRCLE 290 OH FREE INFDRMATIDN CARD 


60At5 


rB. e. MICRO 


SPECIALS 


SUPER BUYS 


MAX232 2.30 

14M , 45 

14«S 45 

DB25-(So^(ier Cup) M/f 2/1 
DB2S'RL Angt^ PC 60. F . . .55 
DB9-Rt. Angle PC BO. M/F .35 


FANS 


12V0C * Brufhteas 
Manufaciured by Commonwe^llh 
Model FP 10eD-7 Blnd<ts 
8" Wire ieatfs- 150MA 
3V*" Square - 1 TWck 
Thi* si^e commonly used In 
ci^mpuler power suppUe^. 
S6.95 ea. 


DISPLAY DEVICES 


FLAT PANEL LCD 
QRAF^HIC DISPLAY 
EPSON EQ-7a04S^AR 

I 3i» idU - Ku.p«r hrl«t<d MvtttUc typ*. 
tuM h drtf«fl - 4 Ml TtL InEtrflO* ■ Ck^abj* 
4hplqtrbfl numflftei,, flf iph^ lil»tubilkC4, tp«cll^ 
chfJtClAri. QttfttH, ItMrtlii Ml P411W^». 

vi**tA9 VM 1 ^7/1:i- M^4nr. Owii li a. <^ > n ;n - 
$19^95 «/jioo.oa 

LTP 

1.2" 5x7 Mttrti Dliplayi 
SiiT Array wKh iny iiltet. 
Thll R«d Oftngt Cin Be 

two Milj'tx OrlffitflUOO-Cilhod* 
CoJunini Anodt Flow. Qftat for 


LSOO .14 LSI 14,25 LS241 .60 

LS01 .14 LS123 .35 LS242 .65 

LS02 .14 LS123 .45 LS243 .50 

LS03 .14 LS1241,35 LS244 .55 

LS04 .14 LSI 25 .30 LS245 .55 

LS05 .14 LSI 26.35 LS251 .45 

LS08 .14 LS132 .35 LS253 .40 

LS09 .14 LS133 .25 LS257 .35 

LS10 .14 LS13B.28 LS25a .45 

LS11 .14 LS13B .35 LS2591.00 

LS12 .20 LS139 ,35 LS260 ,40 

LSI 3 .25 LS145 J5 LS266 .30 

LS14 .30 LS148 .35 US273 J5 

LS1S .20 LS151 .35 LS279 .30 

LS20 ,14 LS153 .35 LS280 .80 

LS21 .16 LSI 54 .85 LS283 ,35 

LS22 .16 LS155 .50 LS290 .70 

LS26 .14 LSI 56 .42 LS293 ,50 

LS2? .20 LS157 ,30 LS29a .65 

LS2a ,15 LSI 58 ,25 LS29ai.OO 

LS30 .14 LSie0.25 LS3221.30 

LS32 .16 LSI 61 .35 L$323 2.25 

L533 .25 L5162 .45 LS34a .75 

LS37 .24 LS163 .36 LS3531.G0 

LS3S ,24 L$164 .45 LS357 .80 

LS42 .35 LS16S .60 LS383 .75 

LSS1 .15 LS166 ,75 US364 .75 

LS54 .20 LS169 .90 LS365 .30 

LS55 .20 LS170.45 LS366 ,28 

LS73 .33 LS173 .80 LS367 .35 

LS74 .22 LS174 .35 LS368 .30 

LS75 .25 LS17S .35 LS373 .50 

LSfl3 .30 LSl811.aS LS374 .45 

LSfiS .45 LSI 91 .45 LS37S .35 

LS86 .20 LS192.65 LS377 .75 

LS90 .35 LS193 .65 LS378 .80 

L592 .30 LS1S4 ,40 LS390 .80 

LS93 .25 LS195 ,52 LS393 .73 

LS95 .30 LSISe .55 LS3991,00 

LS96 .33 LS1&7.75 LS541 1 JO 

LSI 07 .28 LS221 .50 LS645 .75 

LS109 .20 LS240.50 LS648 .75 

LSI 12,25 LS670 .80 

LS1 13 .25 25LS2569 1.50 


uTIVtr 

SSl-202 Oecodtr ...... 2.25 

8870 Decoder .,. 2,25 

5067 Generator 2*00 

5089 Generalor 2.10 


THE $25 NETWORK 


Try Tho til Ttuty Low Cott LAN 
^ Corintct 2 or 3 PC», XTi. Ati 
- Um »rlal porli and 5 wire 

cabit 

• Runt 11 IIS K baud 

i Runt In background, lotally 
IfaniparenI 

• Share any dwlee, any lll«, any 

lime 

• He«ds only 14K of ram 
Skepitcat: We make beU&versi 


LITTLE BIG LAN 


• Low cci1 ■ J75 pit LAH. not ffvf noM 

• Uti^mtt* lrid:4p»ni>;pnE network 

arCnET. Ptrtnti ana Sirtis eon 

per ttrs-n-d 

ARCHtl Sp««4- <$<^ phi*, ttt ptr 
itf end 

• U I > I PC /1£TVA T .■ JW mli, w* in Itplcvi 

CtfirttCl u{i 1& 214 COmputtr», c*n mU 

• DOS fnt and ni«U^d loclilfigitupporl 

• SMr* •ny Jift^c*, my Edt. tny projjrim 

• Au-m In iht luftgroun^. liA»\bf irwntptttni 

• Lot* n^trnwy ovirhcid 

JlpitUh on^ ItiK it nihtd*d. frut mV\ 

■ Work! ipl1h moil loniwt, DBASE 
III. MlirotO^n 

WO no. LOtus Wkitd^i J, 

AUTOCAD, ward P^^ltCU *3C umpHtrt. 

• Werhi wilh DOi ? Ci DOS J.O md On- 
DOS 

DCS 2.1 m grv*t>' ^ prtFtrrtd 

• Oj)«n ntlwoit. prof rtrnma'T API pr^lcltd 

Entmpli Fee iaw-ln^ link modul» — 
yeu Ckrviu^porl ip»cl«r hufdwtr* 
f\Jil ipt«l pfodditd orr picttE l««] 

CASH S 4 tMCHtt C fre 
A VAI lAai e - PLEA&E CALL $ / □ * 


SOCKETS 


P. 0. Box 280298 Oalf«s, Texas 75228 

(214) 271-5546 
FAX (214) 271-2462 


VISA I 


TEXT TO SPEECH BOARD 


PC/XT COMPATIBLE. MAKE YOUR COMPUTER TALKI 

$69^5 


4 


ASSEMBLED «. TESTED 
ADD Sa.SDSHrPPiNQ 
A HANDLING 


A VERY POWERFUL AND AMAZING SPEECH CARD, USES THE 
GENERAL INSTRUMENTS SPO?56'AL2 SPEECH CHIP AND THE 
CT32S6A AL2 TEXT TO SPEECH CONVERTER. 

TH^S BOARD USES ONE SLOT ON THE MOTHERBOARD AND 
REQUIRES A COM SERIAL PORT, BOARD MAY ALSO SE USED IN A 
STAND ALONE ENVIRONMENT (EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY) WITH 
ALMOST ANV COMPUTER THAT HAS A RS?32 SERIAL PORT TO 
USE THE BOARD IT IS ONLY NECESSARY TO SEND ENGLISH TEXT 
TO THE RS232 INPUT ON THE BOARD. THE BOARD INCLUDES A 
1500 BYTE TEXT BUFFER AND HANDSHAKE LtNE TO ALLOW YOU 
TO SEND DATA TO THE BOARD; THE SAME AS YOU WOULD SEND 
DATA TO AN RS232 SERIAL PRINTER, YOU CAN SET UP BATCH 
FILES THAT WILL MAKE YOUR COMPUTER GREET YOU WiTH 
GOOD MORNING MASTER.' ETC. EVERY TIME YOU TURN IT ON. 
DEMONSTRATION SOFTWARE AND A LIBRARY BUILDING PRO- 
GRAM ARE INCLUDED ON A 5V* INCH PC/XT DtSKETTE. FULL 
DOCUMENTATION AND SCHEMATICS ARE ALSO INCLUDED. 
FOR INFORMATION ON A LOW COST SPEECH SVNTHESSZER 
SYSTEM FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED, PLEAS£ SEND FOR FREE 
PACKET T.M.I. 


STAND ALONE POWEfl SUPPLY 
FOn ABOVE 
ADD UM SHIPPING « HANDLING 


«19 


99 


Low Profile SOLDER TAIL L 


6 Pin 


14/1.00 


8 Pin 


13/1.00 " 


14 Pin 


13/1.00 


16 Pin 


13/1.00 


IB Pin 


13/1.00 


20 Pin 


13/1,00 


22 Pin 


13/1.00 


24 Pin 


S/1.00 


28 Pin 


7/1.00 


40 Pin 


7/1.00 


BUY $10 


GET $1.00 - FREE CHOICE 


68 P\n PLCC 


.79 


84 Pin PLCC 


J9 


6500/6800 


8S02 


2.00 


6821 1.00 


6520 


1.25 


6845P 2.20 


6522 


2,70 


6S45S 2.20 


6530 


3.00 


6BS0 1.75 


§532 


4.25 


6BS2 3.S0 


6545 


2.10 


6860 3.95 


6551 


2.40 


68681 3.00 


6B0g 


1.40 


e8AQ9EP 1.28 


Gfi02 


2.50 


68 A 40 4.00 1 


6B03 


3.00 


6BA54 3.00 


6605 


2.95 


68B09 4.00 


2J5 


GBB10 2.0Q 


6809P 


2.50 


68845 4.95 


6810 


1.25 


68B54 4.00 


STATIC RAM 


201G-2KXB 200 n.s. 100 

2101-1 - 256X4 500 n.$. ... .75 

21L02-1 350 n,s 65 

2102AL-4L.P. 450 n.». .49 
21 1M 256X4 500 n.». 1,00 

2112A-Z . 2.50 

2114L-3 1KX4 300 n.i 45 

2125A-Z 1KX1 70 n.s. . . . 1.70 

2147 4KXt . 1.95 

6115P-4 1.00 

6117 1,20 

6264-15 , 1,40 

62256 32KXe S.75 

2108-4 8KX1 1.50 

2118-4 16KX1-5Vo»t 70 

4027-4KX1-25Dn.$ 80 

4116-16KX1-250 n.s 40 

4116*16KX1-200 75 

4116 16KX1-150n.», 90 

4164 150 n,$ 49 or 9/3.50 

41S4 120 n,s 1.10 

4164-100 n,S. 1.40 

TMS4416-16KX4-1S0 n.s. 2.75 

4464-1 SO n.a 1.40 

4464-120 n.s. 1.45 

4464-100 n.s. 1.45 

4464-00 n.s 1.45 

41256 150 n,s. . 1.25 or 9/9.95 
41256 120 n.s. 1.30 or 9/10.99 
41256 100 n.*. 1.30 or 9/10.99 
41256-80 n.s. . 1.30 or 9/10.99 

41256*60 n.s. 1.8^^ 

1 Meg - 100 n.s 4.40 

1 lyieg - 80 Ti.s 4.40 

414256-60 n,s. 256 x 4 ... 4,60 
SIPPS 8. SIMMS AVAILABLE 


EPBOM SPECIAL 


We bough I a large quantity of 
270es. 2716s. 2532s, 27328, 
2764s, 2712&*, 27256s and 
275123from a compuier manu- 
taclurer who redesigned Iheir 
boards. We remQSt^d them from 
sockels, erased and verified 
them, and now we offer the sav- 
ings to you. Complete salisfac- 
tion guaranteed. 

Your Choice 

2708 1.20 10/aoo 

2716 .,. 1,75 10/15.00 

2532 ., 2.00 10/17.50 

2732 2.00 10/17.50 

2764 2.00 10/17.50 

27128 .,. 3.00 10/25.00 

27256 3.50 10/30.00 

2751 2 4.75 10/40.DO 


8000/80000 


THREE CHIP SET 


B.G. SPECIAL 
16450, 1488. 1489 — S6, 95 
16550, 1488, 1489 - $13.50 


8031 
80C32 11 
8035 
8039 
8085 
80B6 
8087 

8087- 1 
8087*2 
8083 

8088- 2 
8155 
8156 
8202A 
8212 
8214 
8216 
8224 
8228 
8237-5 
8243 
8250 
(16450) 
(16550J 


2.95 
3.95 
1.00 
1.00 
1.55 
1,55 
B7.50 
167.30 
127,50 
2,20 
3,25 
2.25 
2.25 
S.OO 
1.25 
2.00 
1.25 
1.25 
175 
2,80 
1,75 
2.95 
6.50 
13.00 


8251 
8253-S 
3254 
8255 
8255-5 
8257 
8259A 
3259C-5 
8275 
8279 
8284 
8286 
3287 
8288 
8530 
8741 
8742 
8748 
8749 
8755 

80266-B PLCC B,SO 
80287^6 125.00 
80287-10 135.00 
V-20-10MHZ 6.50 


1.10 
1,75 
1,80 
1.50 
1.7S 
1.50 
1.BS 
2,10 
10.95 
2.25 
t.49 
3.50 
2.49 
3.50 
3.00 
7.00 
7.00 
7.00 
7.00 
7.00 


TERMS: (Unless specirieil elsewhere) Add $3.25 postage, we pay balance Ordeis over S50.00 add BSC tor insurance. No C,0,D. Texas Res. add 
BW^/n Tax, 30 Day Money Baqk Guarantee on all Hems. All ilems subbed lo prior sale. Prices subject locharvge without nolice. Foreign Of <ler- US funds 
only. cannot ship io Mexico or Puerto Rico, Countries other than Caniida. add S9.00 shipping and handling. 


CmCLE 219 QU FREE INFORMATION CARD 


r ' 1 


ORPORATION 


[ 


C.O.D.f 
Accepted 


13406 Saticoy Street 
No. Hollywood, CA 91605 


(818) 787-3334 
(800) 235-6222 
FAX (818) 787-4732 


20''' Anniversary Special 


TEKTRONIX MODEL 51 ION 
{also kiKiwn as 5103N/DT0) 
Cirnffii,! purptjst*. 2 MH/ plug- in os- 
cillu-^ttipv. Inciud^5 5Bt3 Timir^Base, 5A1B 
Du4tl-Tftiti.<' wfticjj ampli fier and 5A23 Hort- 
^unijl ,iniplifii}r *»V^ Inch f<?<:(.tnguUr dia- 
pLiy, Sweep r-iles ffom S microifi<K:ond& lo .S 
!&econd per division. VeMlcjl sensitivity 
Jfom 1 mV t<i 5 V per divHI on « Add. 4kltcmate 
or chopped operjtlmg modes. X-V mode, 
wlhin 1 dr^r^«* itom dc to 100 kHz. 

S200i» 


A,C POWER sv?m 
STACO MODEL EimQVA 
This unit ha* been deviK'^- rt .uuj tun- 
slfucted for rigorous indusTri.ii * I^SHfoom 
or tdbcffiilofy appliCJitiom*. Thtrve- power 
^upplJfr' Jit^ brjnd new. Currcnl Irsi price 
%7^Ugt\i. Spr< jficKions: Inpul: 12D VAC 
Sftfiff HZ. Outpui- 0-120 VAC 10 amps. In- 
tfudt>i» manual wilh -(chemaMe^h. Features: 
Ammeler, voltmelcr* convenierice oullel^ 
power indicator and circuit breaker Dimen- 
sion; 10* >: 15'x6\ Weighi- 221b*. 


fAade 


in 


Ca// 


by 


PAIR 
EIMAC 
4CX250B 
Price: $150.00 


TEKTRONIX 475 
PORTABLE OSCILLOSCOPE 
Oscilloscope Dual Trace wiih D,C* to 
200 MH/ respofise, mec rise lime, 
on** mc^gohm input impiKiiinco, 2 MV/ 
div sensllivUy and 1 rtsec/div, sweep 
rale, Dua\ lime base, K-y operiition. fn- 
temal power ^uppJy for external active 
probes. Charinel 2 vertical ouput. 8x10 
cm d i splay a rea . Prkc : $fl95 do 


Hf 331A DISTORTION ANALYZER 

Cover* 5 lo600 kHje range and measufe^ 
iotnl diltoTiion down ioD.1% full seal?. Har- 
monics are Indicated up to 3 MHz. Mea- 
syrens noise a% low as 2S|i.V. jtnd voltages 
ovrr a wide r*nf(e, 300 m.V to 300 V RMS full 
scnati". ffequFncy calibration a< curacy is 
± S% from 5Hi. to 300 kHz; > * 10% in^m 
300 To SOO kHz. Basic vollmeler accuracy is 
-2%. rtkrt^T^iJM 


MODEL HP I80A 

Oscllloftcope: Mil Spec AM/USM-2IMA. 
« k m CM display, 10(J MHz ro^ponsi? 
whIcK accepts standard 1BfK> stories 
Plug- Ins* includes Vertical Pkin In: 
1B0TA CPL-nite^ fr^uency liW SO Mt tj;, 
m^Klmum st?nsti»viiy SmV^DIV Hori< 
j!onta| f lug-In: 1^21 A <PL'11fl7>, trigger- 
ing lo 100 MlhU, minimum swiH^ptime 
IDC) NS/DiV has cfela>'«l swe^pp captTcily. 

Price*: %2T,0.im 


TANK 
PERISCOPE 


Typo M-24. Rugged 
mihtary construe* 
tion^ Cont^im two 
independi-ni in- 
frared image con* 
vDr(t»r tubes plus 
correction k-nsrs^ 
ptisms, and eyepieces. Tbp bmocubr view* 
ing sysiem is directly connectetl to a pri<,m. 
typ4* |>efi scope. The image IuIm^^ haw dy- 
namic totuK pfo%'ided by a built-in ad^usta. 
tile v%>llJgf divider This unii rpquires 10 to 
15 KV at low current for operation. Unabk* 
to supply power supply^ tOimrn^ioni: tlT 
high ^-svide X 41^ thick. Weight 17 tbi^J 
Stock tfOPWI Prke: S2(K1.0O 


for All Your Electron Tube Requirements. 


ErMAC 
4CX35000C 
Price: $4,800.00 


PAIR 
EIMAC 
4-400A 
Price: $250.00 


THE URGEST ELECTRON TUBE INVENTORY IN THE WORLD 


CmCiE 336 OH FREE tMFORyAtlON CAHD 


60At7 


AMAZING 


^ ELECTRONIC ^ 
PROmCTSaiLd KITS 


i 


UJ 


HEW COMCEPH 

Hyste^ 
Levitating 
Device 


fjamwnbtff Wtr of the Woffd^? ot^eds iloat in tir a/icJ 
mm 10 itie loucfi Dt>*es giaviTy. amazin|j 
cofivtfsation piece, mage t^rcx cf g^eal soaxe profed 
AMT1K Eaiy 10 AtsftitMeKi!; Rafts $19.50 

Combination Solid State Tesla Coli 
& Variable 100,OOOVOC Generator 

Experiments Using Tesla Coll: 

* Ptasma in a JarrTo!t>am. Furnace 

* Kiriian Pholograpfiy 
* W^retess Energy Transmission 

- inckiction Fields ' Pymiechr»c Sfiects 
■ Corona and Brusfi Oischaf^e 

* En^^er for Neon Plasma Tubes 

ExpeHmems Using HI Votts DC: 

- Plasma Bimm Ohtte^Cutter 
- ArtMaravity/Rjroe Fiekis 

* Ion Reaction Motors 

* UgMng Generation 
' H?gh Jon Source 

* Oione For Air Pynficabort 

* BectnlicaSion of Peofte & Objects 
Par^ AcsetBiaiofsfAlom SntasNng 

' High Enagy Capaoiy Chargifig 
HVM7 Plans Complete System ....... ttSJOC 

HVM7K Complete S/stcjn Kit Plans ...... S174^ 

TCUK Tesli Coil On^ KitP^ S99i0 

miSAC Witl Adiplef lor nSAC ... . . . . ST5JQ 

Table Top Tesla Coil 
AJM Attention Getter! 

>2SOjOOO Volts! - Sparks! 
Energy even p*ssts ih/ough 
irlridowt. Great for science 
prpiectSt dispiays, adveflisir>g. 

Migtify spectacular dt»vm produces 
^&ib^, audrble bolts of iigt^inmg 
appearing to Hash m ihe a^r Causes 
certain maEenals to burn trorr? wrthin and glow, lighls 
bulbs w\[\m\ wiJDs, produces induction fiiJds, St Elmo's 
lire corona, Clearly (teri^Dnstrates high frequency high 
voUages yei rerrrylnal mpy t>e touched by user during 
operaHon wilh a meial object, 1 15VAC operaJion only 
8TCa Plans . . StS.OO BTC3K Klt/Plaf)s $29^,50 
&TC30 Assembled ami Tested ...... 5399.50 


Shocker Force Field / Vehicle 

Electritier ■ Neat litHe be^x^ atioiivs you lo mshe 
hand and shoch tiatis. shock waryis and electrify opjects, 
charge capaciftors, GrBai pay bacn for those i^ gjys 
who nave wronged you! 

SHK1KM EasyTo Asa«TU)ta£JedronlcKi(. SIAJSO 

lOaoooV Intimidator / Shock Wand 

Module Build an eEecinca! device that i$ atfective 
up to 20 leet. May be endos«j tof fiandheJd. portable 
fiekJ 0^ iabo'atc^ app^oi* cf^s 
mQKM Easy to Assemble Electronic Kit , , , $49iO 
mi 2 Pl ans Only: Cretfit-aK e to Kit SICLOO 

Ion Ray Gun - projects charged ionnhat indoce 
shocKs m people & objects without anv ccnnecbon' 
Great coerce profect as weQ as a htgh lech party prar^. 

)0m PI»rty...,.S10iM I0G3K KitfPiaftS $69.50 


Plasma 
Fire Saber 


Pn3duc<stheapadacUaf^aeatMcai<uradttwfart^ 
ofHTjto ntofTOietans. Visbte plasma ieU is 
condmitd by Qi^ tncswe and K|usts sabs' lengiitL 
Active e'^e'g'y pnxtuces weini & ^teds 
E]4:elert lor special eftects, Sipeciy pMm Iriye. neon 
red phasor green, or slar^ purple 
PFS2 Pftns . . . .$8.00 PFS2K KJlPtans $49.50 
Spcctil Ofier PFS2Q Assembled reg SSS'^ . $53J0 


Invisible Pain 
Field Generator 

5^ pocket safi etectronc 

dewe prodgoBS tme vanait 

oompifti shodi wav«s of tf)tense (iTBCtior^ aoousic 
eneim capst^ ol wardng 0^ aggressive anii^ 
tPOf Plm , , . . sailO IPG7K Kit / PIm $«9L50 
tPOTO AsseniM STISO 


Nil 


Homing / Tracking Transmitter 

Beeper demoe, 3 mie range. 
H0D1 Plant ....S10JQO I 


HODtKKttmns 


Listen Thru Wails, Floors 

Highly sensitive iteihoscope mike, 

ST^I Plans ... $8,00 STETHI K Kit/Plant $44^ 

3 Mile FM Wireless 

Mike ^ Sutminieiure! 
Crystal cleat, uJira-sensitive 
pickup trans.m4$ voices and sof^nds 
to FM radio. Eiceitent security system, warns of 
intrusion BaoQa» y«ir neighboftx»(i jockey^ 
Alonrtot cMdreft and mvafdlSr 
BiVt Pbns Vm FUVIK Kaplans. S39J0 


Telephone Transmitter * 3 Miles! 

AtAvnatically tmtsmis borh sxtes d a. \ei^;^.cm 
ooiwersatiOR Id in FM racto * lur^abie Frequercy 
- Undstedaliie on Bone • €asy to BmU & Use 
• to 3 Mae Range • Only transndsdiiing phone use 
VWPfl7 Pfaf»...,I7J10 vummcKHMnimso 


Solar Power Devices ^ _ 

BtM a len^ sh!>:k£r. so:^^ moior, "-qhi bjg 2app^. batt 
dmr. m soil 4", 2 Ajnp Cdl w Plans . . »J0 
soli 6iir, 14 V Cefl w Bans S7J0 


EfectroMagnetic 
JJoil Gun 

0 


Profscts a rr>etal ob|ea 
ovff a considerable disianco. 
Become pan of and perhaps 
oomrftiuie lo ttiis exoting new ci^nceps ol weaponry^ 
EUL2 Plans .$a.QO EULIK Kit Plans £99^ 


rNFORMATION UNLIMITED 

Dept RESt2, Box 716, Amherst, NH 03031 
Phone: 603-673-4730 FAX 603 672-5406 

lie, VISA, COO, Checks Accepted. Please Add SS.OO Shipping & Handling 


wnh many mn h*rai 

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Amazing GlowTronI 

Pre, -J/- . . L - ' rr- ■ 
Operai^ on : > 

GTRON Ready 1 


to prpduce ^ p^gcu% * 
scents gbw w^hout wkesf 

mm 


TV & FM Joker / Jammer swnpodtei 

device allo-^s /au to totally coritrd m>d ^emoteiy disrupt 
TV or radK> receplton Great gag to piay on family or 
friends Discrebon requrn&<j 

EJK1KW Easy io Assemble Electronic Kit . SlIJO 


Visible Beam Laser 

h r r '^'/- Bs^t KsSjie tor mies, 

Prodi^ce your own liQht showl Ptijfeets a beam ot 
red bn CiaiHfy vtsitie undst i^nosi cacuniGSsnces. Can 
b@ used to intifnHSile by prt^ecbon ol a red dot on 
targeC subfKt Al»fnaybeu5edtD'fisi»ici''L«fevtg 
our laser inhdow torn mhodfUJSI beta*. Eaiv 

Bi«d tlc<Mes Pn»duce A Worting Vl>Ue 
US1KM Kit w tmw iasef Tube. Class I - S^iO 
US3KK Kit w 23mw Laser Ttiie, dasi MkmM 


"Laser Bounce" Listener System 

allows you lo sounds from an area via a Lie beam 
reflecied Irom a window or oliier sinniiar object. System 
uses our ready to use LATAl Lasef Terminalor gun site 
as the Iransmitter The receiver sectbn is supplied as 
an easy-to-build mdudm^g our cushioned HSIO 
headse^L, Order # LLI5T20 System, includes our 
LATRt Reedy-to-Use User Gun Site, LLB1K Special 
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5mw Visible Red Pocket Laser 

Ulizes our touch power control 
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Devipa usas inviSiCiie (fitrared 
lUfiiinMyi lor stsing fei itital 


tor low cost nipht 
visaOfl^atoOQ wtJ*^ Ob&efvtng 
lasers and ottierlR sources. 
Punoions) orvt. many usefii appEoiions 
SOS Plans .... 
SD5K Kit Tube Plans 
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6032 A Tube : Plans to build your owii 


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artd mo^t powottirio carriof nmots c<Kitfol tysteini. 


-ree Home Automation Mugl 

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newest mod^ remot* oomt^ 1h* Or^For-Ai touch ota singia loyl 5a¥e£tvT» A ay?v6iwoe! 

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control ol your 


I contains ttw mtirlffi IwgMl Kmr^f of iriliarad 
I cod ac f Infc^ct, ihamifujfc lclw iwinoi o on&lB fa 
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I coniaiied in Oi* Onft4^-Ail tZ't meiTiofy mati 

thoy^dlwfrigaOOUSLEYOURMOKEVBACK c.^^-ji:^^ 

GUARAKTIEI (cal HCC OBtoM Samoa dr 

UnNosI B»c&ma for Mais) 

I C^eck QUI irwM (pMi laafufaa. 
I Frovidas afty davica wStt a Staap J 

Tiii«r junction * Svnpla i««-up ' 

Ona Sutton dyilWTr Comrd * Pftr- 
I tad is|]laEaihnafit tof loti or btT>- 
I lian ranotaa ' Tal4=rae Con- C 

I ft^manulBaLiar.rK^^iapgBfl^ i 
I lomalc^eialBtastat^ranca- 
I mants in IR rernota control / 
I lachnoEogy... wont be- 
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I Sufl-firriad-oairiaBnyQucw^ntfriionariurTibarcjl 


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C^ntar HGC^3000 ONLY t29idSf 


New! Supervised Wireless Security System 


irisssli fi mawtM ■ rio toola > ari4 rH> wrrr^ 
URCdDQO Cdniola kaepi Smdk ol 1 e zorus arid 
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n's supervtsoct you 11 know If sny doorAwidow 
sensor is nol woiking or has low batti^. Add 
I wir«to$3 ck>or/wir^dow fi«nsor« to proloct up to 
1 6 cfsl^erant gioupa of doon aivl/'or wlnddwa. 
AiiJ a n)otfon datactor lo p^act an 
araa iMOi mora tian ona aniiY poim, 
CkHisola BduTKii loud B5 d& 
atairn and tenda X-1 D signab 
tolla^&ltX^tOWsl Scares 
intnjtk}f and mokoa homo 
(0 othart {fwighbors. 
poilkCD onmuta, ale). 


Bun -tfi orlVarBd CiVTEmandC8rttor|:»a 
ai3c\«J tcr use wiih Dfw- 
f^'AM lanoCat Conadle is ^so a 
racatvar for tf>a Stanley hafid-tK4d 
Mobila Control arid lha X-tO hand* 
Kald ramose for cOThtroUing 16 X-10 davicas! 

Evpand your systorti anytinia ftcld1l^g doof/ 1 
wtf^doDV sansors, motion datactore, or a plug-in [ 
Powarhom siren' A"^' 
HCC'SOOO Secunty Consde ONLY "69; " 'Wi 
HCC-574Kffych2iin amVdisami ONLY »a t ^ "* ■ 
HCC*534 Door/window Swisor ONLY 
HCC-S08 Pofcvoftiorn nO DB Si^en ONLY »39® 
MC0554 Wlrala*s Moikm Deiactor ONLY »49« j 


J?0Wt/5^ F^a* HCC'574i Whfr ^ ordiw a/) HCC-GOOQvnd Ofte-Fof-All tsmow coniroit 


Lamp Module si/Ajpy 

J Stmtdy pi in la mp mpfJu}** cootrola ^Kj^S 
I mciindfificent I^Qhtt up to 300 Wafl^ 
I max. Oft- whiia color. Oniy^SOmodidaft 
I reaarv«d for thit piomc/^iL 1 1 \jr Ci^ c 
LumfttB HCC 247^ UNLY O 


KlSt Mobile Control & Base P 

IvStan^y e-bution hand- I 


Turns or^ ofl up to ai^ XlO SjM"" /y*-^ /| 

ALL LIGHTS ON tot^ten. Atoo hia ^ITTJ -f . 
OfWBRIGMTEN vid ALL UNITS OFT"^ — 
buttons. Off-vn^acotor. r\K\\ W SQ^ 
yjitiit 16. IHCC-gSSv WIMUT C r^j 

'tiratti&nlttiMo^^ 

sixjiofT. Grasl fof KalKvays^tjuamarfts^garBgea, 
taundry fOCCTii. tfltfTTijon^ more. Photooel ad- 1 


I hald i«moto dona sfeek \ 
I ie90'astytirip.Twi*m*i3ftF^ 
I itgnal up to 100 ft to plug-ui ^ 
I base tranacatvtr. Qfl whito ^ 
■ color. HCC'2553 QNLY ^37^ 
>23Si AddMofMd Mcb^ Control ONLY M 6^J 


rMotlon Detector & Floodsl 

2^ p Detects motion, 
"'^l^nLj turns on Itoodtights, 
I.T#4^*^"m Vjj^J / and sanda up to four 
^SBT ^'^^ ^ signals lo 
modulai loeaiad in$ida or omaida ttv 
rwuso. OFF dalay <10 sac lo 3S mtn^ 
dawn and aamAlirty adlusifTiert*^ C»efbK:is40 
ft. it 1 1(r arc WaalherptDdf. Butsnotnd. By 


(55(!!;Wall Switch Module ^gp] 

*^Rapiacas auditing wan sMitc^i. 1 1 
I Commts incsTKJaacarH lights up to 500 cS | | 
I Watl max. Ivory color Iwtton. On^ 
I 830 modulaa rasahrad tor this prorrxi. 
I so orctar nowt By Stanlayj^"^ n w ^ 

Limn 16 HCC-2475 
LhCC-?476 3-W«¥ Swicft Se* (paifl ONLY 


fNew Edrtjon! Automation Book! 

I Tiowto Automata Your Noma* by OavidOadda 
I Ei eafltfig Rawi»«triPopyiaf Seina ARaj>o 
EMpniES. OtQ^ cms WtL & Bac^onic 
Houaa. TWa wpiMTi book is tvti w^ CI 2nd 
adfton, expanded and n^vov«<f 1 50 pag^s 


Stanley Premier 
Home Control I 

^^SanvQ leali^ftt as H^m« 
Coiimi ^aiow); oorarDts j 


■ttaiad woodgram ^Migri «V> tmofcad 


fl^up katrtnard dust 


ONLY^IT^J 


rX-10 Development Kit^l:^ 

I Uaa la develop your van PC'teatfamarr^ I 
t tkoma au tom aBq n fyatom! Uonlor aMoi at V 
hon# s sgfits & aptj tan eiea andmiM jfaaBgafii I 
dacisibris baaed on {MronTofl ttMia^ Develop I 
I a homa control aywiem wth tF*THEH logic f 
[ even l-tmttoi) maooal Add Stanley modon | 
I datacttratogi^aysivninput of rooffl pretence. 
[kvaioprrM acanwve la iniarTupl baaed f does I 
ndr use pdfcigi*) arid iridljdas cornpilad ttsrajy f 
routtfm and aample C-lanQueQe aoutca code. 

ayttam wtikhodnibiriaa horna autornation arid 
I in oontrot; any X^ID ciarM i oi i r can control 
InhareiS addUon ot ¥oki9 U*mf Key. \ 
volda conAni of tha homa baconws poasiiia, 
UaaX-IGTaSuridbtvrWftogrvadusWdawn input I 
to ywr system. Add v^ice PC vowo mall card | 
tor remota cafl-in control of X-lOt 

RequirBslSMoico T Tip tttto iamfTTpurarwtthpatal- | 
lalpod. lrtckideiTW523mt?duj«.AdBplat.jmaf- 
taca catila. davalopmefii «o(ftwara. demo pro^ I 
na techrtciyiifcrthla. HCC.&23K OHVtmu 

PC to Infrared Interface 

I Gfoat fof devolopfnani of your o«m tnfrarod 
hornaconlrolBystefiriF AliowsyourPClo^push 
buttons" m remote cwil/d! CombinoPCbaftad 
harm auEonKition with infrarad control of yoar 
TV {vciftims, channel, olc)- tlaroOn VCR, and 
morof Add whoEa-housa IR fepaatar such a& 
X^iOs Poivomiid Use witfiCovox VoicaAlasJtf^ 
Kay for voico contfot of yoyr onioruiinmont 
systam! ComiMie with X' W Dave^oprnanir Ktl 
to allow arty X^IO (ronlfoltar lo ccKntrql your 
mfrared devicasl Usa wjlti voice mall system 
lot rtjmoi^ control o1 IR from any talophona. 
Possibilities aia Iim<llaaa1 

RemcMacDniToibnica to PCi aerial port Uieltia 
S*ndJR program lo b Uf 9 1 vl p dialed StQ^ltalS 
(e g The daa comnwid SendNT TV WUTE i*a 
fn^attietvl). Can Sandl R from DOS batch IStos. 
ytHir existing toftMafe proQfam, or devek^ a 
I proQiam front H^at^ using Arr^pla soufoaroda. 
I Camptote itrxh nterteoe, albHt. deve top m en t 
] softwaie. aarnple O^fan^rnqt aounis coda, 
I tachn^al info/data and documantatJon. 
1 Rac^res On^Fof-Atf or t-Conirol remote 
I contioJ and IBM or compatib4o eompuior wtth 
Isenalport HCC PDR 0NLYW9/ 


Keychain control of anythingP 

I hlanyf acturod by Uneaj . Ihts bw co§!: RF kik t£ 
ido^r ror wireless control of your own projects. 
youT ftome arid Cit alarnv car doodod^, and 
I avan X' 10 modulaa twth^kdcUion of HCC'2&4X' 
to Pottecfla^ Moduta)! Set securty code on 
traTBrnMaraiiiJ veoelvef « apply pCMer (d recant 
I tx^sfd. and you're ready ter awa iB ee controH 

O'RANSMITTER: Tiny kaychain 
transminar is appro« hail the 
^ height o1 a malcfiboxf 
^:>^Tran4mitter has two buttons 
I co fTc sp oncingtodlanriabtandg. Indbdastwo 
yaivn baoanea^ UptoiOffiv^. 

RECEIVER: Boani ^ 
I racatvar me a su ret 
I approjc 3* square! 

Raquira$ powar tt^^ of S 
I to 24 VDC or 12tso IB VAC. Two 

s (cf»inaia i and ^ C91 aadi sw%h up to 
I ao&mAQiSVDCfflaj^uTiiogotfid Onv% 
jcswaia raiaySs, driva txjbSv moia. 

HCC-RFt RF Unk sal inckjdaa tninsmffier. 
kcunamation. 0NLYt3SP; 
I HOC^RFX £jdielfif«miti£rClHLY$1«v; 


I PtoaaMilloAli tor3tlO control $t\ 


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m«aewtChHCOAFl and total HOC pun^iase 

. Ov«rS2-19' t>dfirrw*afHCC-7tlR 


iDecora Electronic Controls 

I Pwiawu-a< X-TO ounj aii i a Mdiets. fv- 
I caplBdtaiQDr0Qibfe»VtoiasaQraibncl0seandt^ 
1 et^JtJiinnt by Lavterv kt^imed ma daftjji and 
I Mying^swad^boklDEhmCALlo Decora wide 

rocM«^ $iMb3ties^ LEO incicales ONtJFF 
I in white, rwry and bnmn. PRICED BELCT^'p 
I TRADE (ctJibaciortxjSdaf^eleclrioE^ pnongj' 


6231 WatI Siritc!? Us^ tooontrol 

BfEuoroscont lighting, appliances, 
motors, etc, Bated ISA. 
S3ai4l Catling Fan/ Low VoUage 
Dnnming Switch Modula Dans iow 
_ > vcAiQe Ig^iling and oarAtte rnotor 
spaed {Bjg. oaingtana)uaihgX1 omA/mOtm 
I SOQW IncandescanL 500VA kiductlva. Jf*^ 


pSfe 3-Prong Applance Module 

PhlQ'inappEe<ir>comQdu(ora[i?d tSAioa^sSivo 
500 W Eamps, 1/3HP motors. Ofl whilu. S5C 
I unrts reserved for promo ./^K || V/ SriQQ 
LBySldnloy. HCC?550 ^JINLY 


4 


Enerlogic ESUOOe 
I Step up to Intelligent Home Cofitroit 

I Now ES1400Q puts out SO^'a slrongor X 1 0 signal 
I Bifength thai ongin/itESt 4 OOtVorstori 2 software 
I & ekpgnsion pod for luturo irttcgratod products. 

I This int^tiigent XtO ^cboduJier with 2-wiiy 
I inlecfece monHoi^ your powedino artd atlows 
I IF-THEN com rol- CombmawithStAr^loymoiion 
I delaclors and hava music and mood lighting 
I follDw you Irom room lo roomt Uso X10 
I Sundownef to give your system dusk/dawn 
I input. Great tor aef^ up one^butlon macms' 
I On^ youVa aat up your fume program, the on< 
I lino eimiiator allowa you to lest (1 completety; 
I Onco Ihe ESt400a is sat up. your PC rnay b& 
I powered down or used for o^r purposes! 

I Tile ESt^OO ts packed wiffi laatum, eiduding 
I a luRary ba^n^. K^yes dvonognph dtxk 
I and ca iendar lAjnctions, programni^iQ aamptas, 
I on-lffio ha^. complete doamentatlon. 

Lic^"?^*'- ONLYS359 


INFO, PRICING & CUSTOMER SERVICE WHOLESALE PRICES. *100 MIN. PER ORDER. 

' * 1 M B Q ^2 ^ 1ERMS Mo«jn-stodion3ors£r]^tt«^24f)ouFs TfU ahi^ to C#! orders lor run-resaM. Shppfigi 
I I ^^■•n^^ # Handiifsg *#iafw«ii be aitoadlo order. 000 OfdBf» add »50 

E- ■ ^# I ^# m maiM«itiaConartiiccaiaS 4byUPSqra^ 

MveoflJ Day Aa> ^^^ t^ Enprata or Avbcmi Eipnss Ataiij and H aitte gdart y sfi<f«d py ar s^vise 
— ' TOLL-FREE ORDER UNE (ORDERS ONLY) 


m a icft e nde e d e al ari^ i pffiann . MflnaiaL BoeM. aiq may not tae r^jmed tor gadft.' Dt^i^ ofodcuts m 
it|MdtH7«pteQadJtoufQpeai DDutAtRwitilae3inriikaiTBr«|(»moitiam&.' WtmmmmAQtbB^x^ 

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DRCLE t§S OH FHEE INFORMATION CARD 


5U4G 

12AX7WA/7025. , 

6922 (mihtary 6DJ8) 

EL84/6BQS 

ELa4M/6BQ5WA 

6V6GT 

6L6GC 

5Bei/BL6WGC 


VACUUM TUBE DEALER PRICE LIST Apr. '92 

SOVTEK®, RUSSIA 

$5.25 each 1 2 at $475 each 25 at $4.25 each 

4.35 3.75 3.60 

6,75 5 JO 5.20 

2.90 . 2.60 2.25 

5.80 5.20 , 4.50 

4.25 3.50 3.20 

3.50 2.95 2-60 

6.75 6.20 5.75 

Th3 5881 is Russia's selected mtlitary 6L6WGC and Is regarded as the very best 6L6 type in the world. Eric Clapton recently 
replaced the Philsps/Sylvansa 6L6 SIR'S in the custom Soidano amp which he uses Jive, with SOVTEK® 588Ts because of their 
milky smooth sound. Discriminating musicians Ihruout the world are retubing with ihe SOVTEK® 586t/6L6WGC. 

StNO. CHINA 

100 CAU FOR SPOT QUOTE 


50 CALL FDR SPOT QUOTE 
100 CAa FOR SPOT QUOTE 


5U4G 


$4.90 each 


10 at $4.25 each 


25 at $3.95 each 


EL34 


5.25 


4.80 


4.25 


4.20 


3.80 


t2AX7a 


3.85 


3.25 


3.10 


t2AT7 


3.90 


3.55 


3.40 


6T46B 


11.50 


10.60 


9.80 


6550 


9.85 


9.25 


8.95 


KISS 


13.50 


12.50 


11.50 


EJ, YUGOSLAVIA 


EL34/SCA7 


$5.10 each 


lOai S4.65each 


25 at $4.10 each 


KT90 


23.90 


21.50 


19.90 


6DJ8 


3.15 


2.75 


2.35 


12AU7/ECCB2 


3.15 


2.75 


2.35 


12AX7/ECC83 


2.70 


2.40 


2.15 


SIEMENS, GERMANY 


EL34 


$7.25 each 


10 at S6.75each 


25 at $6.20 each 


12AT7€CC81 


4,50 


3.90 


3.75 


TESLA. CZECHOSLOVAKIA 


EL34 


$7.25 each 


10 at $6.75 each 


25 at $6.20 each 


EL34BL (COBALT BLUE) 


7.95 


7.45 


6.90 


Ee3CC/12AX7a 


5.90 


5.35 


4.95 


GE, USA 


100 CALL FOR SPOT QUOTE 


1 00 CALL FOR SPOT QUOTE 


1 00 CALL FOR SPOT QUOTE 


5U4GB 

SCA7/EL34 

8L6GG 

6LF6 

12BH7a 

t2AT7 


St 2.50 each 
15.75 
14.95 
19.25 , 

9.95 

6.85 


10 at $11,60 each 
14.25 
13.50 
17.50 

8.75 

6.30 


6550a 

7025 

7027a 

7591a 

7868 

8417 


$19.95 each 
13.50 
17.25. . 

15,50 

17.00 
15.85 


10 at $18.25 each 

11.75 
16.50 
13.75 
16.40 
14.75 


SOLID STATE RECTIFIER 
Built Into tube sod<Bl. Direct plugnn replacement tor all SY3. SU4 and 5AR4 types. 

ODD BALL TUBES (MOSTLY USA STOCK) 


$6.25 each 10 at $5,90 


4CX350AS69.00 each 


6AX5 


$4.90 each 


6J5 


$4.50 each 


6X4 


$3.90 each 


61B9W 


S4.15 each 


5AR4 


7.95 


6BA6 


1.95 


6J7 


5.50 


6X5 


3.90 


(12AU7W industrial) 


5V4GT 


4.20 


6BK11 


6.90 


6K11 


6.90 


6X8 


2.90 


6267/EF86 


3.20 


5Y3GT 


3.95 


6C4 


3.50 


6SC7 


6.90 


12AY7 


5.95 


6973 


14.90 


6AL5 


2.40 


6CtO 


6.90 


6SG7 


3.50 


12AZ7 


4.50 


7199 


17.80 


6AN8 


5.50 


6GA4 


3.90 


6SJ7 


4.50 


12DW7 


14.90 


7247 


14.90 


6A05A 


4.60 


6CG7 


6.90 


65K7 


2.90 


12FQ8 


0.00 


0A2 


3.75 


6AQ8 


5.85 


6EU7 


11.80 


6SL7 


3.95 


5749 


2.30 


0A3 . 


2.25 


6AS7 


4.50 


6FH8 


12.50 


5SN7 


3.95 


(6BA6W industrial) 


0B2 


2.25 


6AU6 


2.25 


6GWa 


6.90 


6U10 


4J0 


5879 


6.50 


0C3 


3.75 


G^VB US A CALL ON ANY TOUGH-TO-GET TUBES, WEIL FIND THEM FOR YOUf 

MATCHING AVAiLABLE ON ALL OCTAL POWER TUBES 65c extra per tube. 
*TLA TINUM" MATCHING ALSO AVAILABLE WfTH 24 HOUR 
TEST AND BURN-IN, ENSURING PREMIUM MATCH PAiRS OR QUADS $2,00 extra per tube. 

MINIMUM ORDER $50.00 
ADD $5.00 SHIPPING ($10.00 OUTSIDE UNITED STATES) 
SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER TO: 

NEW SENSOR CORPORATION 


CONTACT: MIKE MATTHEWS 


133 FIFTH AVENUE. NEW YORK NY 10003 
TELEPHONE: (21 2} 529-0466 TOLL FREE: 1 *800-633-5477 FAX: (21 2) 529-0486 

aFtCL£ ^ ON mEE INFOftMATION CARD 


from 


ROOF MOUNT UHF 
MOBILE ANTENNA 


IBM PC/AT CASE 

Gonuiro IBM Case 
Full AT Cnwi i 

FuN Su« MolhATtxtaniis 
5tid»-dl Top 

Ptft Ha 22^77B9P 


AT 200 WATT SUPPLY 


Oitfr l20«'3SOV Input. 


3 1/2" FLOPPY DISK DRIVE 


two 3 5' 
F«c« PtetM iQray & B»i9«1 

S Motinllng K(l 

Part No. 2^&-34iaF 


51/4" 1.2MB FLOPPY 
DISK DRIVE 

Dotib a S*vi«i 
HiKfBVHFDAtiClZU 

rflOt Onjf 


HS*DOS VER a30-01/GWBASiC 

Om VERSlOfJ 3 30 01 Ha$ ait 
Mi m o iy Iter^agtr tor 
ibovB $40K cm B03@8 oxnputt^. 
Print S{wof«f » Caefts, A a Ns 
Encyplon Progwn. ^^ir^ 


and Manuiili 

pirt No. aa9-3*oaF 


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OPERATIONS 


EiplOtinfi Tti« ISM Pfefsonal 

CofnpUttf Sottvratft, L«axn ^ bsscs: 
itaybOArd oonvnvids. primer lunciiorii, 
iSiak Miom^. dOS. tw^ie progrsmmng sfxi 
Furwniiit ■ bttc tuofti prDcessing (ucltage 

ineiydH IBM AT Qiagppsxkm 0^ 

tiBMiessoiQS) H«>i^^ite^,(ir" SQ 95 


IBM PS/2 CARRY CASE 


Ot*g' '- i *z' J" S3 P/c<x 3= 

A^ mfOf%s mm tMoriQSF\ *^ Si 

A«inow«blc 0ist«i> a tMt Hwwy duty 


ComplMil^ ijniipi tor wsy etor»ga 
Part Ne. a30-<M22F 


$g 95_ 


ea, 


SUPERS REPEATER 
PROJECTOR 

US£D Portfibi* Pnsjscio^ 
Ine&itjH a Su;»f 8 
ComnuM* Play Ca$»sfi«. 


wifft your own Sufiet g rami 
Hm told otil 1 1 *3/4' X a^" 
Glai.1 Scr««ri. Bt^ mcfejdM 
indjbea Padded Hard Sided 

PiftNo.l5(M1139F 


ALARM BOARD 

Gredl gApe nme nl f^g boaid. 24 Su^g, aid. 

3 iv^fH. am 30 1^ 4 r^dliM m 

fnenjf otf^w pflft& 
Pert Mo. 100-daW 


RUSTIC PARTS BOX 

Qroflt for under 
Pert No. 5aO-999eF 


SCHOOL BUS 
ALERT 

Home Recanrvf 1i» 
Smdercs 33 to tfw loczion of 
ihetSu*^ Recffw 5^ 


Add up to 
250 units 


SOION TRANSMrmEn(t:«<nk) 
mg. THANS ALERT 2000, rNC 

Part No. &60-94O3F 


SCHOOL BUS ALERT 
TRANSMITTER 

Transmiitflr afVWLinoett 

ltd idcatH^ to the homo uril 

SIMON TflANSMfmn 

Mfg TRAILS ALERT 2000 

ld«al for ttutierU wrtn n^vM 

Part rto. €60^»404F 


INFRARED REMOTE 
A/C SWITCH 

tMi you lum onMT lamps. 1 
Bppienca* or other t20V 
0tv^m ucng an in 
tfwii!liar Turns bnis 

3 p^ong notvpaienzsd ISA. I 
Recuifes a 9V baiSvry 

Part No, 6«W»2tF 


58. 


95 


Order Line 
1-800-344-4465 


Mendelson Electronics Co., Inc. 

340 E. First Street Dayton, Ohio 45402 
800/422-3525* FAX 513/461-3391 •513/461-3525 


CmCLE 2S1 OH m^B iHFORUATlOt^ CAHO 


UMF*<S-*TDMHi 
5cS0a#i 

CorifM«w#Tl4ft 
o( cabi« end 


Port No 11&^00I7F(3/4'Hote 
Part No tlO-002SF(3/B- Hole) 


I 


MAGIC FLASH 

Eloctxccut lUBift 
Jusi odd e tAitm 
and iri™ vo«i. 
RoQUiroi 4 'AA' tatlene^ 

Pert No. AflO-0025F 


FIELD SERVICE KIT 


The Lttgge Fi»ld Service 
Kit pomutt repair lecnoana 


Part No. S70-OOatF 


S19. 


95 


STEPPER MOTOR 
KIT W/MOTOR 

Pro pfirttod Circwi BosrO 
with at) ^0 parlA to 
ag*amljffi A controslfif thai 
niaows yoLj to clianga direct lon^, 
vary Hi0 flptHjd, or single ste^pthEh 
k^yludfld Sisppdf Moloc. Hna LED s 
that fiAth whan motor stifs. Requiios an exti^rnai 1 2VDC 
power tOitfce^Nrt Includfflfl jp*r^ 


Pun No, tMWTfiOF 


63. 


ERECTOR SET HARDWARE KIT 

15ODH0WMh«a.4O0 

600 X 1^ SWed Scf ev^ . 
ft 500 m 1M- Sitooed Sere . 
FHE£ SCREWDRIVER wtrr earn Kit 


moaveiu«. 


Pari No. 3^0^X»5F 


514. 


95 


ANGLED PROJECTION LENS 


7-1^4^ X 5-7/9' X 6* 
R<om Angled tons. 

Rear Profectkm TVs. 
loamm Focal Lafigth. 
Biatk PiaiiM: Housino 

'GU)s» ekriTwtts Uffver Focusng. ■ 
M»g by U S Pfe£*<>o Leas Delta TT-OC SQ 95 
Pen No. e40-00O7F ^ ■ 


isvia ^ 


Tl^99 KEYBOARD 

Wg By STAC^POLE 
Mig Pf4 t0i300l»»1. 
4a Kays 


Part No 


Great 
Buy 


99* 


5.6" CABLE TIES (RED) 

ParwJ^t 
P/N PLT1.S)-M2 
M*e» MIL-S^IM 


Pan No, aMMHWF 


(per 1000} 


$20.00 Mifitmum Ofcter 

Call or write for a f ree catalog. 


60A2I 


Satellite Television 


Fn€€ 1 992 BUVCRS GUIDC 

uiilh Reciever Cemporison Charts 

FA€€ Ncuisiencn on sutclutc industrv 

FR€€ INSTflLUITION KIT UIITH CVCAV SVCTCM 

On a lioaner BasiB (SIOO deposit remiired) 


Complete System $1199 


EchoStar 5000 


20 Favorite ChAnncIs 
VNR Filter 

90 S^telllre Memory 
Full On-Scrcen DUpUy 
Auto - Peaking 
Videoclpher 2 Plus 


ir 7.5' Mitl littiii 
Itliiitif $m ir 
liNti 4400 
m ir litttr 111 

( iiii riii fill 

ir ihii ink 

frii litlilliHii^iiiir lil 

75 p^Jt. Jmr CMkii it 2S' itrrtmnit 
SiC^ Otp^iit Jws/jlUfft* Losmtf Kit 


Call for a Direet Quote om : 

Chaparral Monterey i 
General Instruments 

HTS (Houston Tracker) < 

Toshiba \ 

U^iiden < 

uper Low Temp LNBs i 

Ku Band Upgrades \ 


10 Ttki rmmm 


TRADE-IN UPGRADE PRaGRAIll 
GREAT BEATS OIV PREVIOUSLY 
0%mED EQUIPJIIEJVr 


The DBS Advantage 

Odaf with Money Bock Low Price intefrKrttonoi Vblunr^e Pilcing CorTVT>efciai 
Confidence Guarantee Guoiantoo SoteJ Sato* 


Order Toll Free 
800-350-0256 m ^.^.ii 

800-327-0046 U\ 
B0D-734-4S,A,T« |ttM«. o«It) 
805-652*0255 
805-652-2t90 r.i 

Sti % I fm 


□ I am a Satellite System Owner 

□ I am planning a purchase of a Satellite System 

□ I am planning an upgrade to my existing System 


O Please send me a 1992 Satellite Buyers Guide 

Name - - - - 

Address — — - — • - - - 

City, State, Zip « 

Telephone , , , 

Mail to: DBS Satellite. 2316 Channel Dr.. Ventura, Co, 93003 


Please odd my friends' nanne to tt^e mail list: 

Name- > • - - 

Address 

City.State.zip , 

telephone ^ , 


CIRCLE 2t9 ON FREE mFOnMATIOIJ CARD 


I Satellite TV 

Catalog/Buyers Guide 

(Ask for 'DomBsttc{56 page) or !ntomBtionBl(t6 page) v&rsion) 


• Complete Systems 

• Upgrades 

• 2n to 24ft Dishes 


► Parts 

^ Accessories 
* Major Brands 


* Factory Fresh 

* USA Warranty 
> Fast Delivery 


WORLD 
SATEUJTE TV 

AND 
SORAMBUNQ 
METHODS 

The Technicians* Handbook' 
TNi Ihofouflh tejd is a musi buy for tachnioant, 
saittlite prof9isionals afid curious do-it- 

Tba dMign, opwation and repair of samiiQ anterv 
na«, feeds. LNBs. receivefs and moddaiors are 
'TOfninad in An in-dapch siudy of sexamblmg 
methods end broadcast formats iryduding the 
VldeoOpher IJ. Oek Om. ftknHei Sicy Chami. 
BftCy^. 02 mc. BSS and Teledub PayvieM 
III, Circuit and bkxk diagramt of ai aa m p o n e nts 
are pre^tod ard deafly ejcamined tvoo^wi the 
fiandbook. This Intofmaiion is a prelude to me 
ciiapiafs on irqutilashDOiiiig and sai^ng up a test 
bench. This expert guidance on lasing. seivionQ 
end lurvtg is complmentBd Iry a wealth of dataled 

140 pigti, I t/v 1 10 11 ovtr 200 photoi, ditgrimi, 
ttlririg i«h«mtile« tnd 1 1 ttblts / Mpptndk^ t liid*i 

SiH 15 {U S ) $39.95 

THESKYVISION 
DO-rr-YOURSELF 
INSTALLATION VIDEO 

"Now You Can Watch it Being Dons'* 

installing or "Tuning up" y^ut ^tellite sysiom 
made aimpla, 
VHS w fieia,..SaH $3 ^u s) $33.95 


ORBfTRON 
Maah Diahoa 

"Queiity Demonstrated 
by Performan^" 


dth &poiaf tradung inoun! 


ACTUATORS 


ButZ'i'Tuning Meter 
Now with 
audio alort 


m 


Pkodmh 
Tuning 


TUNE YOUR DISH 
TO ITS' 
MAXIMUM! 

A muti fcr the serious dealar or leEellUe 
lyttam owner. Saves lime, bioMor) eivi money. 
Use ivhen irksiallijig a new systam^ moving your 
dish, f e-aJignment of a cfish thai has been moved 
by wind, frost heaves eiCL, gttl you rigtil on the 
satB^iie lot the best posilbti picturtsl 


Pico meter S&H $6 


Catabg price S69 95 
Sale Price I79J5 


QuIZ'I'lV m£ter S&H $6 Catalog Price $140.95 

Sate Price Siaajfi 


NEW "Top of The Line'* 

introducmg the Drake 1524 iRD 
(integrated receiver decodar] 

Tha new Dra>ia \ 524 is at present the ultimate 
In enginaering achievomant for IRDs. Piciura 
quality is noihing Joss than fantastic. Most of iha 
time as wo review new product models, we find 
some new and exciting bolls and whistles. They 
come with the Dmke 1524 also, but this model 
goes beyond the usual. It has the best dang 
picture quality that weVe ever seen. 

Hooked up !o a new 60" Hitachi rear projedion 
TV you can sea the diffofaoco. Wiih other top-of- 
the-ltne IROs we see a bt of magrurcation of 
vidao noisa. Not so witn the Drake t524,. Jt gives 
us sp^lde free pieces on aS but the weakest of 
transponders, 

LiseiiwrthimaiSviatiitiiiihMandme 1524 
contnies to shine, tfi low tfvMhold (less than 
7dB Dftf) provides performance on a 7 too* *sh 
that we us©d to saa on a 10 fdotar. 

Wave seen them all {all m^or brands) arxl 
have them in sdcX. Right now the Drake 1524 
leads ^e p^andbMI oftHitsmadein ihe 
U.SJ^. If you^ o o ni id i rtn e a new system or 
upgrading yotr prOiertt lyitem. ..The top-ol-the- 
lina Drake 1524 IRD woukJ be the inieUigani 
choica, Yoitf saiifacton is guafanceecli 


LNBs 

LOtV TEMP 
"Hemi Technologf 
"Commerdat Grade' 


12GHz 


S&H $6 


s&H$e 


$95 
99 
139 
195 
$109 
119 
129 
139 
199 
239 


18- Superb ti 

24* Supa^acKXL 

24* Vmjrt 

51- JGS 


SaH 514 

15 
15 
22 


AttUiJor Credit 
Carde Accepted 


Sl^vision Incf 


104$ Fronliof Drtvo, Fergus Foils, UH 56537 - TotI Free SOCKm^SS 

Mas m coupon or cail TofI FREE today far iho SKYViSION Satoane TV Ptodua CataJog. 
Dehvaied free to your mal box In U.S. and its possesskxis. 
* International requests add $S.O0 to cover shtpptng and handbng. 

Send Skyvlslon Satellite TV PrQ<lucts Catalog 
Phon e ( ) 


Stale. 


Zip_ 


Install A System, Upgrade & Repair Yourself And Save SS$$ 


Call Toll Free 800-334-6455 lnternationaM-218 -739-5231 Fax 218-739-4879 


CIRCLE 270 ON FREE ENFORMATION CARD 


G 


60A23 


WE HAVE GREAT CONNECTIONS' 


#TM-319 DOUSUDISK"* Thif on^nal p^jrirntcd disk ainvcrter. 

HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE? FJavis you ever tried to fomat a regular, doubk 
densely 3.5" dl*k to 1.44 MB? Of coutm you havtf. U do<»n'l 
worJt, The computer gjvc« you «n inviiid mwliji error. So there 
must b* A diff(TcncQ In Lhe disk media. Right! Wrong! 
Surpri^lnigly, m^u/dcturrrs find It |^ expensive to use 
THE SAME MAGNETIC MEDIA kit both HD ard 
DD dJiics, THE ONLY DIFFEKENCE IS THE 
EXTKA SEhJSE HOLE IN THE HD CASE lUi 
bok teils iht drive !o opent? in Wgh density mode. 
So, hew on you take . *vmnU^ of the fad thai 
media 13 the same? 

TWO YEAK5 OF TESTINC. Wc ve co?^ dueled an in- 
tcTtsivf t«!ing fiTograiti We have converted aver IS^BQO 
disks and tested cjch one for data Integrity. In two yean 
NOT ONE CONVERTED DISK HAS L05T ANY DATA! 
SUCCESS! Double Disk Converter* 1> a true 

product ni<xeia jtojy, From the moment w« put it on the 
market thfl order lin« have betai ri^nglng non stopf 
Nciifly cxery maior corporstion, school university tnd 
government agency is now using the device. In factn over 
one hundred thousand sstisFted purchasers are 
converting mUHon* of disks and SAVING SERIOUS 
MONEY with the Double Diak Converter™. 


mt THE BEST 
Mo^^ Qf heavy gauge, d&ep 
<±owrf $t&0(i for Gli idM/cion&s 
OfKf Maclntosf) syst&msf Don t 
fnjst youf dafa wifh anytNryg 
h$s than The Orfgina! OouWe 


$2^,95 each 4upS25each 


#VA-102 3-WAY COMPOSITE AUDIO/ VIDEO SWITCH 


Audio/Video 
Conff ol Cooler 

■ "Hirw inputs 

• One output 

• Ail with stereo cap^illty 

• SimpUncs your A/ V hook-up 
» Standard RCA typ*}ad£3 
-RCA Cable* available 

S^'Xip your A/V system once 
and for all. Switch^ let you m- 
stantly select youi choice of: 
VCRs^ Video Disc Players, Caov 
cordorSn Stereos, CD naycrs. etc 
Cun trolling your A/V system 
has never betn eosicrn 


STEREO MON<TOf? 


3 Ml 


-xirtnnnnnfin 


■50 


$10 each 3 up $8 each 


DATA TRANSFER SWITCHES 


W 


DAIAinANSFER SWfTCH 


Tvpioal Ftai\ View 


0025 Seriol and Paiatlel 

All Metal Ca;^ 
Shielded with gojd contjicts on aJil ccffinectors 
Gold pUtcd contacts on all rotary switches 
All pins band wired 
3' to 5(r DB25 Cabl£9 avallaHe 
Other ironfigurattons available 


FLrmolfs Cun net tors $10 
#D$-2$3 4 Females Connecttrfs $ 1 4 
#P$*254 5 F<^« Connectors $13 
#DS-255 6 FemaJcs Connectors $30 
#DS'2S^ 7 Females Connectors $35 


#VA-154 COPYGUARD CORRECTOR 

Snfoy vid&otcpes wfthoui n^iihing ofxi li^nng 
MacrOv^ion methods often make it impo$stblc to enjoy a dear, vtable pkture 
from prerecorded video cassettes. Picture rail;, utter, snOw, 
leanng and flashing are the annoying side effects (tired by 
theCopyguard Corrector. Sophisticated digital drcuitry 
inside thl$ Compact unit {no larger than two Bmm tapes! ), . 
unsaambles any cup protection scheme and delivers a ^ 
stable, whislle^clean !»ig.nal Connects easily between 
two VCK s, or y(]ur VCR and 3 video monitor, with 
Jth (iiinj^le video m iind vidcii out jacks, Hc^cnily, 
Liopy prot*?ctif?n developers have successfully 
f*ut*J (0 ket'p unwrambtcrs such as the 
Copvjfuard Corrw:tor oil the market. We c*irin"i 
predict for how long I his unit ^1 be avalbbk. 
and suggest you or d» «rly to be Mfef 

Reg. m.OO Now $49 each or 2/ $90 Spedali 

UTiiut^ontcd dupik-ibar- of Copy-ngh!*-!! ^id«ctjpv« u prohMitd bf Federal Copyright l*wT 


Aufomoiic El ©Colonic 
Printer Switch 


Use one pnntcr 
sviih two Computers 
Specify Serial M- Para Ikl 
Safe for HP User K't 

D8-2SC(jtine<t<»il/0 
#DS'2Q1 
$25e*ch 
4 up $23' 50 each 


Dubbing Cabl^ 

6 fool triple RCA gold stereo 
audto/vidw 7^ ohm high 
shidd coax tsbh. 


-For Dubbing" VCR to VCR 
or to video e^>mponcnL 

#VC-6VG 

$7 set 3«t*&20 


^ Dala Transfef Cables 

use with Laplink, BrooUyn 0 ri dge, etc* 

#CC-210 

DB25 males For parallel use only 
6 ft $7 nsxch 

DB25 females and D&9 females 
F« serial uh? only 

6 ft $10 SCI 


DB25 female*. DB9 f«male«, DBB mala 
Ex>T sehal and paralk] use 

6 ft $24 set 


Coaxial Arcenet CabI© 

22 AWG Teflon Jacketed 
93 ohm Center Conductor 
aasi2,2D0 C 
UL Approved 
L^ F D, Appro^'cd 

#RG-a2 
■ lO^/fi over 900 .09* /n 


Lightweight Deluxe Plantronlc^ Tetphone Headsci 

Reduce telephone fatigue 
I tan ds'f rcc con v ^ini cnce 
Work and talk at the- same time 
Enjoy the freedom of a headset 

#TE-205 $25 :>ior$rOQ 

v^iHih tone /pulit' dialer 
#TE-206 S30 5 for $120 


Colled Power Exteriiion 

6 ft Belden^ Great fof movable 
CTU's / Monitors / hinters 

fcc-pwxc 

$2 each 20 up $ 1 .50 eacb 


Surge Pf otectof 

fi CXitiet Power/ Modem 
EMI/RFI protector w/ Indicator. 

#TM-200 
$12 each 


P/S 2 KeyboQf d 
Adapter 


Mini 6 pin MjIo 
10 5 pin Female 
or revets*^ 


#CA-200 
**CA-201 $3 each 


Credit Cards; Accepted 24 hours o day 7 doys a week by FAX. 
Company Check or Money Ordefs: You must include S3. 50 shipping and your J ere phone number. CoEifornio feskSents odd 8.25% soles tox. 


VISA 


ROGER'S SPECIALIST voice 600-366.0579 Of 805.251«3085 
277 12 Pinehills Avenue. Soma Clarita.CA 91 351 800.364.0579 or 805.251.2520 


Termif Sufnt ^u^ntiti«s ire Elrntted. All iietn^ iubj^t ro pnat uAt, Minrnium order SlO plus shipfinjj 5hlpjiinj5 fur all onierr is 13.50 Li^surfice (no |XJ Btxnei]. Cusfcym^r jpsnrifwd shipping ar csmer 
r»?e * I S5 hindllng fee. Prepaid ofdm ire jhippvd jfter the total amount dut ii rccetved. If your prepdid <>rder doirt not imlvidf shipping {S3-5C) and sale* tax 18.25^ CA resident! only) your ordtr will 
not b* procmwed, tlpsn rKtipt, If ynu art noi'sart^n^K yoy mty nf^ij*5i a KWA *nd renjm ihe iiumi ifnmpiJl<t«]y to iw far sredit or exchange. We ^Arantc^ your wtlif-iriion-ssofryj due to ihfl wholnal* 
^ttjreof our business wt cannot oik'r cash Tkifurviv. If yuu hav& j^iy questiorvv sbDUi your ortitr ni our prodiicts., p\vA%v tall CuMomerService at 805 ^SS) •30SS *m id 5 pm, VaaBf Time. 


J 


60A24 


CIRCLE 267 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


COMHEIE FCC UCENSE PREPARiVnON 

♦ General Radiotelephone C^perator's license • Second Class Radiotelegraph 

* Radar Endorsement m ■ n * AU Amateur Radio Licenses 


* A BETTER POSmONT 
* EXCmNG CAREER 
OFPORTUNmES? 

AN FCC L ICENSE 
MAYBE YOUR ANSWER 


Tfte FCC UcBnse Speciattsts 


We offer Home Smdy Cdarsex for 
ALL TYPES of FCC Lkmses. 
Formais include: 

TEXTS 

* AUDIO CASSETTE COURSES 
♦ VIDEO CASSETTE COURSES 
• REGIONAL SEMINARS 


GENERAL RADIOTELEPHONE 
OPERATOR LICENSE 
Your Job Oppofiunity Ticket' 

For years, ihc Commercial FCC license has been highly sought- 
after by many technicians and required by numerous employers. 
The General Radiotelephone Operator License has comz to be 
kno^n as the most HIGHLY RESPECTED "ticket" in the field 
of electronics. For many, it has been the KEY lo job advancement 
and higher pay* Many companies offer Immediate pay raises by 
simply passing the license exam. Other companies require the 
license for employment. When an employer sees the FCC license 
on a resume, he understands that the job applicant has a firm 
grasp of radio communications. ..a firm foundation that can be 
built upon to meet the demands of any job situation. 

SECOND CLASS 
RADIOTELEGRAPH LICENSE 

BECOME A SHIP RADIO OFFICER: At present, there is a 
tremendous short age of ship radio of fleers. This means lots of job 
and advancement possibilities. After a six-month training period, 
you may earn $45,CXX) to $55,000 for an eight-month year. If you 
arc really sharp in electronics, you can take a test that qualifies you 
to become a RADIO ELECTRONICS OFFICER. If you need a 
review, some radio unions offer a short training program that can 
help you to pass that test. Radio Electronics Officers can earn as 
much as $60,000 to $70,000 for a sbc- month year Does this sound 
good? All you need to get started, is the SECOND CLASS 
RADIOTELEGRAPH UCENSE, To assist you in reaching 
that goal, we have produced. The Radiotelegraph Package", 

WHAT OUR SATISFIED CUSTOMERS 
ARE SAYING 


-Your STUDY QUESTIONS WERE NOTHING SHORT 
OUTSTANDJNC.Thtnk you for wHUtig such a compteie course.' - 
Lemon Grove, CA 


OF 


n wsssowell prtparcd that 1 ACTUALLY ENJOY ED TAKING THE TESTS, 
whi Ic oihc rs I saw a ro« nd mc wcrc clea tiy flou ode ring,* - M A^E, Waldorf* MD 

"The day I took the test, EVERYONE WHO PASSED HAD YOUR MATE- 
RIAI^.*-J D., Puerto Rioo 


WPT Publications 

7015 NE 61st Ave, 

Vancou\^r, WA 98661 

(800) 800^7588 or (206) 750-9933 

Please msh me a Free Catalog. 

Name 


Address 

City 

State _ 


Zip 


m 


CIRCLE 2S0 ON FREE INFORfytATlON CAflD 


-J f 

&QA25 


CRESTWOOD PRODUCTS 

4099.t GIB BEL RD. HEMET CA. 92M4 

ORIGINATOR, MANUFACTURER & DISTRIBUTOR 

VU'THRU VCR DIAGNOSTIC TOOL 
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UNITED STATES PATENT NO. 5,055,960 


A USEFUL AND WORTH\WILE TOOL for the 
■ •PROFESSIONAL * •STUDENT * 'EXPERLMENTOR 


A PREOaON MOLDeX HIGH IMPACT. CLEAR PIJ^C TOOL HUT REPLACES 
TltE \TDEO CASSETTE WHILE DIAGNOSINC VtVE PROBLEM. HIE VCR OR 
CA\KmDHR WlIX FUNCTION IN ALL MODES AND THE MEQIANISM WILL BE 
OPEN FOR INSPECTION. MEASURE^IENT & ADJUSTMENT 


\T4S ' SVllS' VCRs & CAMCORDERS 


VT'103 


BETA \ 11 III h. CAMCORDER 


BVT-lfM) 


S9.95 


NOW A VU-THRU TOOL FOR 
ANY VCR OR CAMCORDER 


vtisc-sviisc 

CAMCORDERS 


SMM'VCR'i 
CAMCORCe^ 


CVTIOO $9,95 


EVT 100 $9.95 


AVAfiJVBLE JULY L 1992 | 


INSTRUCnON 
MANUAL 


DI-TAIUFIVE 
WAYS TO USE 
THESE TOOLS 
PLUS OTHER 
HEL PFUL HINTS 


ANY ONE TOOL 
S 9.95 ca. 
S 3.50 SficH 
S 13.45 total 


ANY TWO TOOLS 
$ 19.90 
WE PAY sa^H 


OR£»ER ALL FOUR 

S29,S5 

WE PAY 


COD adds 3^ 
CA. orders add 7% 
salc5 


aACLE ON FREE IMFOMIATtON CARD 


ACCORD ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS 
Toll Krcc: 800-998-2242 I-ax: (305)772-2568 


1001 NW 62nd Street, Suite 
Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309 


CALL FOR OUR FREE CATALOG 


5! 


I 
* 


yj 


3mm fjf 5mm 
Diffused LED? 

RED 7C 

GREEN , 6C 

YELLOW....... 9^ 

20 pos mid per item 

5mm RED BLINKER 

SQ.60eW5pc3 S0,50/50pc5 

~l 7805 S0.35 

7aa4 S0.35 

7905. S0.45 

LM317T ...... ^.45 

5 pea min pgr itenn 

PNea?gA--6» 

Pfe907A 6t 

2N3904. 6* 

2N3906 6C 

2N*4OL„„60 

2N44aa ^_6t 

/MPSA13 6C 
SOpcsmin 
No FTUidrtg 

2N2222A......19C 

7BL05 35* 

20pc:$ mm 
Na niodng 

2N3055 ,75C 

5 pes mini 


SOLDER ROLL 

SN60/40 .031 DIA 

$7.50 ea 

1 Lb roll 


DIODES 

$0.02 

1N4148 $0,02 

1 N40O1 (1 A/tOOV>,„....„„.. $0.03 

1 N4 0O4 (1 A/400V) $0.04 

1N4007 (lA/lKV) S0.05 

SOpcs mfn per Hem 

1 N540 1 (3A' 1 OOV) SO. 1 0 

1 K5408 C3AM KV) SO. 12 

6A 1 0 (GA' 1 00V>,„ „ SO, 1 9 

6A10Q (6A/1K^ $0.21 

10 pes mih per Item 

GEBMAiltUtl DIODES 
IN34....,.^>^^. „. $0,10 

iHea.,,....^ $0,10 

1N270 SO.30 

10 pes min por itefn 


MONO CAP 


0.1uF/5OV 
?5 pea min 


MIN OHOLH S35 00. ADD S3 bO f^^OR SAH 
(S8.00 FOR CANADA^ FLA RES ADD TAX 


CRYSTALS 

3.579MHz 
4.000MHz 
lO,OOOMHz 
12-OOOMHz 
$0.€O<?a / Spcs min 


60A26 


ELECTROLYTIC CAPS 


1UF/25V. $0,06 

2,2/25,......,., 0.06 

4 J/25 0.07 

10/25 0.00 

^5 o.oe 

33/16,.....,,.,. 0.05 
47/25 0.OB 


100/35 so.oa 

220/25 O.Oa 

470/25. 0.09 

1000/25 0.22 

2200/25 0.25 

3300/ia..„„ 0,29 

4700/6.3 0.29 

25 pea min per hem 


INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 


MC145S $0,25 

MC148S 50^ 

MCliaS - SO 2S 

4001 B„.™.-, $0.20 

4011B $0.25 

4013B^.«„.. S0.25 
40t7B 10.25 
4Q28B $0.25 

4O50B fOL25 

4066B^™.S0-25 

4€6gB $0.25 

74L^44™..$0.25 

74LS245 ....$0.25 

10 pes m 


LM3n. 

LM3a4 
LM339.-,.-. 
LM3SS ...... 

LM386,.™ 

IM555 

LM556 

LM741 

74ie„,,,„„, 

7432„ 

74L504 

74LS27a 

74LS373 

in per item 


50,20 
, .-S0.30 
.-.,S0,30 
..„S0.2S 
.^.S0.30 
.,,.$0.25 
....S0.30 

....saso 

..„SO,20 
.„,S0^ 
...,$0,25 
..,.$0.25 
....$0.25 


24 PIN 

MACHINE 


SO.^a/ lOpcs 
S0.20a/ 100 + 


CABLE TIES 


4- $2,00 

8- $4,00 

Bags with 100 pes eec}) 


TANTALUM CAPS 

J 20pc:s min 
T>o mixing 

1uF/3SV 2.2UF/35V 


CERAMIC DISC CAPS 

70eaeli 

25pc5min 
no mixing 
20fiF/50V tOQpF/50V 
27pF/50V 100QpF/50V 
g2pF/50V lOKpF/50V 


4 


1/4' 


Push-button 

UINI ' N.O. 

$0.3063 / 10pcs 
S0.25ea/I00t 


SPOT 
DPDT 


MINI TOGGLE 

5S2«2 iOQ± 

SO-65 $070 
S0.95 SO. BO 


DIP BHIDGE 
50V/1A 

S0.30sa/5pcs 
SO.25ea/50 + 


1N47XXlWattZENER 

1N4728A to1N4764A 

1 00 each / 20 pes min 


CIACLESII ON FREE tNFORMATION C ARD 


/ 


fTEMHEPTN12 Hb-Nb LASER POINTER 


^|Sjilp gyB ii ^^ Retail price $140.00 

OUR PRICE, $85M 


fTEMlEm LASER POIHTER 


csQJMllMlnSllf bncyllirOpirtta In 
spitd Of low diMr iQoan, osflM to t loti 

CM iMMpflcid dtodi pMv « km 
OUR PRICE 0NLY........$1WM 


ITEMIGN3 LASER POIMTER 


2 AAA btfliffn, Ttif taflMy IhL toniH ki 
raooM} ikflidnun! hons^w. 5^ x .5*. toKfcidis 
|lglpedcinylngca5a.MRBaHiHT^ 


OUR PRICE OMLY„.,,..$14Q.OO 


1x 1-3 mWKs-Ha later tirbf 
U USER DRIVI pmr tupply, 

11Q/Z39VAC(ltpll 
liftC BHUDfvttk pttfMDO iJomtnlnd mirror, 
lilt VUG Mbr 

Zx lAlri-rad ilioto dflticton 

txrinfr Inctnlent 
Sx tmait fntnl turlaca alumlrtliDd ntlrrofi 
Sx 1' by Eronl-turflcs BlumlnUod mlrron 
1i rby r X-y adJintiblQ fronl-turtact 

ilumlnl^ad mlrmr 
1i1 ID/230 VAC N} DC idltrtttbls powtr tupply 


ITEMFSm 
BARCODE SCAHNER 


$1000.00 VALUE 


Pitts ^ may viry 
dspindng on m«mi(idurar. 


^1 riQQARV* -Mitllwana{loM|KMifOUtp^ 


■ HfiKum Nibn (fra IqSiQ 
- laser thai ftmlta a bluiAmn BQln 
aNT « fim UfS^f (Mivtlefign of Igtrt) (color) 


ALL LA'^CH PAHTS AFIE SOlD AS COMPCMKTS OVLV WH£N ASSaiaifD LASEH 
MUST IHCORPORATt THE aWTTY ft£0UlRBilO*T^ Of THE CENTW FOR DtVJCES AND 
RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH OF IHl FOOQ AND DflUG ADMINISTRATIOiy. 


1^ 


inMR690 
He M9 LASER TVBB 

Prti)ects red dot up te 1/4 mlie, A - 1mW, 6*x 1.1? 


6 rnontf) warranty. 


OUR PRICE. $19.00 


HEMRSSO He-He LASER TUBE 

Prajects red dot up !o 1/4 mile, 3 - 4mW. 13.8" x 1.45* 
6 moott) wanairty. ^^^^ 

BRAND NEW 
12VDC INPUT 
He-HB 

POWER SUPPLIES 

Vit slock hundreds o< brand new 12 VDC Input He-Ne power 
supplies. Designed to opar^ .5 to SmW Easer tubes and heads. 
Typical dimensiorB: 4* x 1^ x 1*. ManufactutBd by Lasef Drive. 

irmmnsi Ffm.smwToimwiASBisje^f.'fMmiimMiM 
nrnnomz for 4aw to smw LAsaa..iimmi!mjiuM 


ITEM21AN12 
BRAND NEW Ha-MB 
PO¥m SUPPLY 

1 1/4' X 3 1/4' sc 4 1/4" *Pot!etr supply with "Alden' KV connedcir. 
In our opinion, the l36St He-Ne las«f power supply current^ 
manufactUfBd. TTiese are direct from tlie manumcturer arra will 
powtr 99% of a]f Ha*Ne Lasers up to SmW plus 50% of H&4Je's up 
b 1 7mW. 1 2 Month wajraniy> 


4>7.tfiTi4 

qpM9>minri3n^^ QUR PRICE. ..$S5Ml 


ITEMSSCMSZ 
INfRARED VIEWER 

List price $400,00+ 

ouRmcE...„,,.$m. 

now havQ bilmd imaging tulM 
^14 iFnioing tut)«$ sie nqw " " 


I 


Vtoy hanHo-nnd* bimd-oew Vara 
i quantKlQi Thsst units wil convor 


^ . . , . . convcft 

naar to mio Infrared fight to i vtubia IniiQt on the fw phos^ 
NOT ttie lnf^r$032 lubes ourrentty awblo thmuglr dher sounds. Thesa units 


do not 
On^ a 151 
anotfieol 

vbiion bA a iracS^n'of the tioimal prtM 


lulre the voltagft'dlvtiing network for ci(Kirost;3^ic foctisEno ci I he Imaqe. 
" ' dc souice caqMble of del^wfi/ig aopforim^cly .25 uA (fnk;nj Annps) 
and eyeplecfl optice am requimd Id a warfcl ng Infrajwf nfght 


ITEMSBB 
HIGH VOLTAGE 
POWER SUPPLY 

OUR PRICE. $30.i 

High voltage power supply for Infrared Imaging tubes, new 15000 
VDC oulput. g VDC Input 


MWK 


INDUSTRIES 


'^1-800-356-7714 

198 LEWIS COURT 
CORONA, CA 91720 

C714) 278-0563 
FAX C7T4) 278-4887 

AND PURCHASE ORDERS 


WE ACCEPT: VISA. MASTERCARD. C.O.D. AND PUR 
CmORFAXFOHOURCURREMTCATALOGI 


WANTED: WE BUY EXCESS USERS. OPTICS AND RELATED PRODUCTS 

We are constantly expanding our pnMluct line to Indudfl more f^EW products arid m ah/vays looking for new sources of laser, optics and assodated 
hanNaiB, If you are a manufacturer of airy such equEpmtnl we are e)ctrem«ly intensted In mar^ng your partioiiar Rne ol products mrough MWK 
INDUSTRIES. 

CmCLE 255 OH FHEE mfORUAVOH CARD 


t 

1 

1 


2 


60A27 


TOP# a 


RADI0^JIC5 MANUAL 


^jccAjng twctncw. «Mctfonie K>i «ia«tfCHnsign«uc 
(ioi^m). ».Mtii4ii'Mi9t of (ladionlca Davit* ■ 


CONSUMERTRONICS 

2011 Crosconl Dr, P.O. Drawflf 537 
AlBmogordD, NM 00010 

Add t4 5/H {USA. Canadd) AB ll«m» In plock. COD 
(UPS cii»h BnJyJ. VISA, MCard OIC Nbw Csla- 
foo It ta nvt^ Of d$f . $4 wUhotd. In butlnaa i^net 
1971. Ai on TV, Jfihn WliMani - NinnDr 

"All •otiwara Kupparl* all ItlM-PC com- 
pBtEblft syfilems (eoaG - 804B6). 

Vokv Una & Manuar Fiuc: SAM^^PM lUron- 
Sat, MSTh Auto Fu: All othar l^niHii. 

(505) 434-0234 

FAX; (505)-43^-0234 {otctoia onif) 


Off-ThC'ShcIf HARDWARE 


Van Eel Bf*imm, Voka DligulavT. Shrlah 

Modtife^ Hti^arlng Asslslot, ElUt Covnler- 
maaiura, TEMS^ 6lh, SanH* Co^murlca- 
lor, Okimtrftr Saapar, Radat EmHiar, Sub* 
litnlnaT MlJiar, Htaranyatitt MacMdt, t^auf- 
op Fiona - mu cii mgr^il D*iiillt in our Cala^ 


HARD DRiVE MANUAL 


Caviri all hard df)va and controllar ImpjamantaikHn 
Mplwit on PC3]. How ta tAifid. kvlHica. Initial- 
t£q, aal up, m»lnl3ln. iroublashooi and 
thatn, How 10 prolfld I Norn trom nrilfllakao, Asba- 
Eflpd, prying eyas end »Hcky flngart. HowlofocQVief 
damagad (u>d lest ffes. UttM \o pffevbnl crft&hat to 
bagfci with. If>dwf*t t^wvt ravlawf, Utmivi with 
(hlwitaaiiQn, advica, ilea, 


DISK SERVICE MANUAL 


,7air« adjml4 a ion tioppy 
drJvat wfthoM npdal vcmmit w tofNra ts - 3.5 v 

PC/XT/AT/3S«/4Sa, Apple, Cam 
iBotfor«« Tandy, Atari, Tl, t\P^ DEC vtc sys^ 
toffl}. At fto-pp^M rwad rafiuiaf vpktati 


DISK DRIVE TUTORIAL 


Tnoorif ftr»ci practtcat facta on tKif>py ctrivaa, d^svs, 
FDCt, fofmattlrig, totihA'a''4 pFdtaclbn. SyttvrriB da- 
■ciibad abova. InvMi&bIa advtcn wd lips ori hiDw lo 
bwt lalaci. IfblerfBCa & titg diiwi arid dtihi. 1 10. 


COMPUTER PHREAKINQ5 


TI40JAN KdRSES, VmUSESr WOftUS, 
and ccu'itvfmeasurss. Encbdti ditk vf\\h 3$0K of 
hackfir la^ Hl^s And utK^ISaB. and lagandaiy 
Ft.USHOT+ HctecJan fysiam (Ed, Ch^c*. PC 

m*ll"iodj itn(j courSarmesiuTBS. S'taw tytlami air a 
pon«r«lad. 8BS advica, pauwcfd daFiali. Qioa' 
aa» ' nwjeh moral Manuala * Dliita* t39. 


BEYOND VAN ECK PHREAKiNG 


EavaadfiQpptno on VDT sjh: TV video uinnnJ* using 
an crdtnaiv TV I Docun^o ni^td In itKUriiyindLntry 1it^ 
walufa. Rangft up to 1KM. Plarta include baih tlie 
CONSUMERTROMSCS and tSa oiJglJial TOP 
SECRET VAN ECK designt] iM. 


CnVPTANALYSIS TECHNIQUES 


Fivi p<w«ffut nwm-drh^an erypla pt^^tmmn (in 
.COM and Qiair .BAS tourcatj io iMityt?, <ivtr/pL 
'tact^a' clpfwittxtt, WOftadwJl aiajricin. fiac- 
Qtnmtfvffd In The pftsi^Qtem COMPtiTERS & 
SECURITY. Manual + Dl^k"* t22. 


SORWA RE PROTECTION SYSTEM 


LFrih|iia wyttam thai hrghty dli^gufagoi c^tiy son- 
vara piracy wrtiBa notlnlarfArtng wfth l^gJl arch^^al 
cop4aL Irncwn way io de:faai. No sp^lai aqulp- 
mant raqu^rad. Slmpla and AiJioinAH& to InttaU on 
your dlalrtbmad eortwore. Can ba ufi»d wlih any 
cDpy-pTavan|3on tyatom. Manual « Qltk* %5B, 


VOICE MAIL BOX HACKING 


How votta Mail Ban (VMS] •yglani* v« ined 
Aftd iNa tpadnc wxyfi ihay ara hacka^f. Indudos 
A3PEM/ MESSAGE CENTEIT, fltX, EZ, 
RYDNEV, PHONE MAIL. AUDIX. ate. Ab»i>- 
Maiy nquk ad for al usaf 9 fiiVl vyfopaf |2t 


CELLULAR PHONE MANUAL 


Hcrw calkfltf phorm «ra daaiffnad. Opacaiad and la- 

brMrainrn«d. Hov^ C4hl1uttir •yitama Am vuhsrati^a to 
hatli AtlacitB, and C9ijnEHiTtaafiiJra4, Comnr^hon- 
Uva d«actlpi;Ejn5 on motfilVbiJ H^Ma * ESMa (In- 
cluding apocitrc inFo, on 30 popular medals), acan- 
nSntj, scannar r&itprai:|on» {Jncludat UHF TV 
m&tnod}^ freq. A chann^t atiocatiooi, loamirH}, 
iJBClt^O. ECPA-rioral 


PHONE COLOR BOXES 


Al dMlgnvd by PfKsna PlvealtF 15 phona color 
bojm daacrtbad Dczar» of cltcutt, «imi4ajor pro^ 
irama. Piua caH lometd^^ confir«ncJriH3n phraak 
ibiiHY, ^ vsafuf and ]«gai phona ckcu4 piani - 
ffloral «ati. 


ROBOFONE AUTODIALEFI 


Pawarrul, v#r«alll«, manu-drivao 'Wargamaa* 
ftutodtftPer latt you diaJ any nuJnbof (up to 1C+0 or 
ititK oF local Bind (c-rrg dislooca numt»(hra n any otdi^r, 
ovar itny [QngtFi ol tlms, wF^e}lhar busy or nnswDTCd 
(your cFtolCfli) flr?iJ tog ttia timoa. Mmmonda and rs- 
tu?la To monlldr. pnmmi ond^pf ditk. Cu^h-diaF dl- 
roclpry cf up lo 000 numl>er8. BtiSV rodlal c^fona. 
Dlrad mod'Sfin c&nmand i control M R^tv^H 6odn, 
Inelutfog VOICE and R^r^G'S'O Opcxv^el abal] io lar- 
•improgmni upon COWECT. Exl prwnu or DOS 
Manual * Di*k* t20. 


HEAL THYSELB 


Soma alacirontc artd alaeiromagnaiic rneciical da^ 
vjc«» af« no# llcaniad by iNa FDA for th^ra^lodi. 
Plana Tor ihraa major dovkt lypoi ttiai YOU ean 
buad ajid U58 youfSffltl- Savi> S ThouaantEa! Plu* da- 
ttfH cm many othat dtvtcoa. f Ifl. 


EM BRAINBLASTER 


Tutorial anl btang lor powaiftiEiECTaOMAO 
HETIC WEAPOKS & LAB DEVICES. Optimum 
c^rcufti. tfaqiL. wavaformi^ iMy cytfat and tnftanai- 
ti»f. Comorabanttva. MIND ^OOGUNGI t^. 


HIGH VOLTAGE DEViCES 


HV davkaa plana: Stun Gua, Tatar, prod, 
Canan Flaatiar, Q tat tar, Zappar, Audlo/RF/ 
Radar Jammnr, Jacob'a Lacfder, Plasma A 
Vsn do CiQnrf Gnnn., Fanea Cbargar, GoJ- 
□ or Coufiior, Q;cona Gon., Flah StunTnot, 
Flam ai\m.^ KkHaa^. moEfl ShocMngt %2B. 


SECRET A SURVIVAL RAOlO ; 


Optimuni iMrvlval and laev^ radta aqvipmani, 
maihoda, Itaq, a^tocaHon* aoci rakra^Bta Kram- 
l^ng.'tncoding'. irici'udat aiTiHini Eaeaivaraj^ar^ntt' 
tari. 1ar«rtairy, aoianna opllni^ailona, ramota 
iW4i40f4r^4 cDTfiTD^ tacuTrry. -sL-rh'eill'ariica. and ul^ 
tcaicnl^ nbarotniic & IrtFra^'ed comrf^o. ?□« cifciil 
pfant. lablat. 


VOICE mSGUlSER 


Plan* for neal dav^cn to ctwigt voIm pi(ch4f . £f ■ 
factiva agakist tnoopa Maing vcfc* anatyaara, for 
women, ijilldrafi & ttdvrV Iv^fig atorn^r fw artl lnlru 
«Fon syaiaati, for gtffi. Volea sounda naitt]r«l |1 


STEALTH technology; 


Puiticg radar a iMonann^F It oag haa anor ratet ot 
10%^20%1 Cvtry Inown arrof moda - itMhod A ma" 
t&dat utad to (vlnifiil^ ladit ranadQwia * laet^ & 
«trata[7y to HjN uniual radaf «otala (that coat you 
IIOGa in irtutanca tntf rWt wnUkir^ - m«(^)Qd« 
la dB^ae^ and fain atgniila - MPy dwcribadi t2Qj. 


STOPPING POWER METERS 


As repodsd on C&3 '60 MINUTES*: How ear- 
lain aloctrlcal loadi ts'mpFy plugm Into an 
oiTiki) tan >1o« down - even sipp - wan- 
hour molara - whUo ualng full loddal Loada 
may btr connai^cd |p any aiJilat? 4n $yalpm. Alap 
dgscrJijog tr^alar craap. oya^loaddioopH ate. tlO. 


THE LG, MANUAL 


Exiamw magnauc wayt (apfk'kidto ina metof KsaK} 
Io alnv down and ^ap w^nfvrjr mafora ^-hKa d^aw- 
hgfuikada. t1&. 


KW*HR METERS 


Now watthotir m«i«f i worl cai^Mrar^ arror modia 
(many}, MiSt Standartte ate. Danrt^nd and Poljr- 
phata Malaga, Expaiimamlaf r^siiha io stow and 
alop maters by cChara. |19. 


LIBERATE GAS & WATER 


How gai and walar mstort earii b« rsverasd uslir>o 
comFTbbriJy avatiabla houiahold aovlpmant 


VORTEX GENERATOR 


Haal or cool with akmpla, amuioa. 32port da-vk^a. 
Uses no mcrring paitt, «l«ctr]dty. ^uai hwi, Iquldl 
fraoa Ouofafltaad ackftrkcaly nundl Plana. SH. 


AUTOnATiC TELLER MACHINES 


ATM crisaa, abuaai, vufnarabtlUJaa a4id 
defeala aipoaadt loa* mattir^a dataiFad, in- 

c^da: PhyaFca!. Rag. E. dp^ar, P\H cOfnprorni&a, 
tflid cQUfHorfaldng, mB^dfl-iFc atflpa. fa^sa front. 
TEfv^PESTn lapping, upcofEng. InaJdfl job, (upor- 
cool, whfniilon, puisnf, H|jli vohage, Van Eck - oth- 
ers. Cifi^o hEstoilofi, Inw. coiinlEjrmfl^suras:, dDtallad 
s&curfty ctieckSln, labolod Inlsfral photos^ ttgtiffli. 
ATiJa contain up to $2S0.D0O In ca^Jii $3&o.c>Da 
ATM crime tpfon stUt untojvedf $^9. 


CREDIT CARD SCAMS 


Car^DO^a, mardWti ei<Kf banKs sufTar $ DWont 
b> l9»as arinuaSy bacairt a c' ct^i canf f ruMl Da~ 
tcribas avery known muirt e<t cr&dil csti fraud and 
Mflfltt. Prolael youraatn t2^. 


CONS & SCAMS 


Conaa acoma f1«a<a Amaricana ^ SIOO^ BSion tnt 
yearl Tba most comprahanslvt turviva] manual oo 
cons 1 jiJsrrra of eJi ktndfi ^ lion iho classic to tlio 
highi-t&cFi. Doiaili on FiururiKf ^ nnd tri>oir ritany yuriA' 
lEons. ProlncI vpursolfl i2d. 


SURVIVAL GUNS & AMMO 


Tha Utiljnaia Flraarni Survhyat Manuall 
Describes optimum gunt S ammo, oofwaratom, il- 
Ivncafi, a^iploclva drvicaa. Improvtvad waapona, 
Etr4 Tknas Bcanartoa. ratraaii^ ate 


ROCKET S RED GLARE 


How IQ d4*4^ §ft6 ttuid co4»d^pirof>allant smalaur 
v\d turvhal foclialt, Emphatlt on lha fonndlalian^ 
mojiurFaciua and InataHfttlM al prppaAarria, mdfort. 
Egnltors. ale. Fncludes Ili4 of comrnonty avatlat>lt 
mafartah. and Ilia datlon of launch pada and 1o*t 
beds snd lhair alectror^, t?9. 


SPECIAL PROJECTS 


Wo destQn, buiicF, lopair, modlty, msbnEain and-or 
consult ofl any davlttK ay ate proc8*a< projact 
(fflflcSrIcftt. elactronic, computer lied, methanktal, 
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PC BASED OSCILLOSCOPES OUTPERFORM 

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CHASE SCIENTIRC 

INTRODUCES 
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Comparison Chart of Chase Scientific PC-Oscilloscopes 


MODEL! 


PRICE (preba wit iixl) , 

BAKDWIDTtl 
Repetitive (-3dB) 
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UAxnfuif msmnHQ rai% 

(Two<!htfiQd StmnlLueotti) 
HUMBf OF OIANNFI5 
TIME BA5H RANGE 
MAXIMUM TIME RESOLDTIOH 
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MEMORY (Stiodird]*** 

* = Anikbfe4thQtr92 
** = S uuuA displty am iooiq to lOX 
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I 

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How to select and hire the best electronic technician. II takes 
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The best money making ideas I know, (For anyone contemplating 
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Videogame Repairs (for arcade gamei>. {38 min.) .,$39^95 

Plnball Repairs (tor arced e games). (44 mia) ^,*« ..$39.95 

Videogame monitor repairs and adjustments 
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in electronics. (45 mlrx} , . $39.95 

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(601) 287-1594 


p. O. BOX 813 -RE 
SELMER, TN 38375 


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The Electronics Lab 
in a Computer! 


r~j^ - - 


1 1 


• • 


Testing an analog three- 
stage ampiijter with the 
. simutated oscilloscope. 


CmCLE 24T CWi FREE INFOfUIATOW CARD 


Electronics WorkbencH 

Powerful software to build and simulate 

?i nalna ^inrl diaital rirciiits. 


2 


Building and testing circuits is fast and 
easy witti Electronics Workbench. 
Just click-and-drag with a mouse to 
add parts, run wires, and adjust 
instruments. Tlie traces on tlie 
simulated instruments are tlie same as 
you'd get on real equipment. 

Electronics Workbench really is an 
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for learning about electronics, 
^experimenting, .and„piQtQl^^- 
circuits. 


Includes: 

• Aiialog Module with passive and active 
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• Digital Module with gates, flip-flops, adders, 

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Macintosh Version - S 199 


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Fax (41 6) 368-5799 


r 


Testing a gate implementaUon of three diJJi^feniJiipJJops. 


"Electronics Workbench is pretty amazing.** 

~ Jerry PoumeUe, PkR, InfoWorld 

, . Electronics Workbench is a marvelous 
learning and teaching tool for the study of 
electronics."' 

" Ari Satsberg, Editor-in-Chief, 
Modem Electronics Magazine 

''BuUdifig a circuit is simple and intuitive." 

- Jeff HoUzman, Computer Editor, 
Radio-Electronics Magazine 

**. . . if you're trying to learn electronics, you can 
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Elcctronn:> I - Jerry Ponmetle, PkR, BYTE 


I 


INTERACTIVE 


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DC/CAD 

iniroducing, , . 


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Wind Generator 
Generator Rewinding 
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It's back? The LeJay nrflnua! originally published in 
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To order send check or money order for $14.95 
plus $2 shipping and handling 
{S4 shipping and handling outside USA and Canada) to: 
LJMInc., RO. Box t74. Dcpt, R, Lake City, MN 55041 


MARK V €LCCTRONICS, INC. 


IN CA 1-80(K5Zt-MARK (orders only) 
OUTSIDE CA (orders only! 

ORDER BY FAX (213) 888-6868 

Competitive Prices* Fast Shipping Since 1985 catalog ^iNFORMATioM(2t 3) saM9e8 


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AAA Advanced * Fully Assembled 


l'"* aoofw MOSFET Auo*o iiowo pomn Aumjmn 

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IRir Mat V ItoM 003 TEiBtimr 


tSOW * 1Z0W LOW Till PRE^MAIN STEREO AMP. 
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'cxi f+j.:^e-t> '«:^<n* lOiJi^S-w: Tcfa-; 
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VIDEO AUDfO SVRROUHO SOtlMD PROCESSOfl 
SU^333AA* FN^u(nc|r«pof«t20telD2fl«e»lBlil 
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• Hejr dufinul: sev • Delay time 5 to W 
n^ifh^fttriiils •Input \mp%6mtA7ii*pQmf 
i9^untivmt 10C!'120 VAC. 60tti • O'lnfln- 
C4iiijj*«t KiL ITS 90 jHnii' 1 * r wide 4 12' dwp. 2. t ' tngf> 

60W «^ STEREO POWEil AUPUFtER {Wm4 hflC. INPUT) 
SJ4*302 AA* 


1- 


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Raci^ Mount Memi Cabif^U 
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suitabta f w many profecls and 
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Wepfovide transtormefstof 
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MARK V ELECTRONICS. INC. - 8019 E. Slauson Ave, Montebello, CA 90640 ^ Q S 


CIRCLE 2M7 ON FREE IftFORHATtOff CAm) 


THE ELECTRONIC GOLDMINE 

W^N. MrNIMUM ORDER: $10.00 plus 83.50 Shipping and Handling ^ 

^ We accept MasterCard, Visa and Money Orders ^ 

1^^^ X Call or send for our free catalog! 

^P.O BOX 5408, Scottsdale, AZ 85261 

L PHONE ORDERS (602) 451-7454 FAX ORDERS {602] 451-9495 


COTPER cusjy 
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Gmat rof making high quality PC boart^. 
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I A Slier VaJue. 

G2S69 S2°° 


COMBO TV/VCR 
REMOTE 

rona neD rBmOE 
made by Zenith. 

just got these 
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oto into except 
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G2555 
$1« 


^^^^ 


BRIGHT 

ORANGE 
LED 


Junba \m (tiused Ims. oonge L£D 
G2554 10/$1*» 
100/$9" 1000/$70 


24KHZ ULTRASONIC 

TRANSDUCER 
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J ^^^mAxm lor Lfie in 

V mm G951 $ i » 

^•^^^ 100 / $125°° 


G936 


STROBE 
TUffi & 
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for malong drobe 
ligte. See IF. 
$1» 


INFR ARED 
^EPOTT^R/DETECrORS 

4 gold C3S8 ser^itrw 
ddedors and 4 qoU 
sensjtn^ OT^ittisrE. 
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SUPER TRANSFORMER 
One of t« most teeU hsvy du^ttsQlonim^ 
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translormer. haties copper shtetiing aiound windings, heavy dly taminaljons 
and Gompacl si» 2 5/16* X t /iB* 3( 2 W. Opon Iran^ witi HK)^ 
G2713 $5» 


INVERTER 

TRANSFORMER 
^ CcmBrtsWonZVDCt) 
(Ml when i^ad wlh^ 565 C 
cirmi (schema kdixkJ) Great tor 

G993 $1^ 


SOLAR PANEL WITH 
MINI-FAN 


LOW COST PIEZOELECTRIC 

TONE ALERTS 
lv«y p4as& case piezoelBCtic tone alerti produQe"" 
a kxjd tone «hen ITVDC is applied. Nmw they 
(3ne«n pn^3tQneat3VlX:, Sis bebween G2935 99< 
mooting ears t f i?" and dam^ of ynl & t Witi long wre 


ELECTRONIC PROJECT KITS 


Gmaa combination of one ol on 14VDC 
llOna solar panel (6'x 121 and asmall 
mini-tsn th^ operate when smshme 
strtethepanei. You connect tBlvi to 
the panel wtfi any w«es you ctnose to 
IJS& S^ieca! CcntffdKn Valje. 

C2873 $21» 


INEXPENSIVE GQGER 
aXWTER KIT 


Probabfy the Lowest priced Geiger Counier kit 
I available in the iw«kl today! Features sensiliw 
I thin walled Geiger MusTler bjbe and ^i;ieski ihit 
mto dicte in proportion to the radiation level 
Delads Beta and Gamma rays Opersies kom one 
I W (not [tt — 

rites' ^7"^^:- M 

C6447 = VdbMia 
$3995 H^o^'^^^ 


120VAC 3 CHANNEL 
COLOR ORGAN KIT 

Very popu^ 3 c^iannQl color organ qlecs li$^ 
of yoif choree [up to ZJO watts per channel] to 
tla^ to the bei an£l frequency ol you music. 
Connects to siaea speaksr and operates from 
standard 120 
VAC. fioafd 
siErTxSr. 


C4530 
$12^ 


-iZVDC lAMP ViW!ABI£ 
POWER SUPPLY KIT 


This is one q( tc mod tcey 1d6 aiml! Fsi&ies 
lariatle output torn 0 - 12VDC fitaedil upto 1 amp. Uses 
IC voi^ge regjidor and heavy dly barstormer. Aho teif es 
red, yelkw and geen ilDs that glow st cf hereri otlput 
wftig© to show approtimate oUjxl wtege - no need tor 
meters. Oper^ from standard I20VAC. and is grid lor 
powering pro)eds. cahj^ors. radios, tape player;^ ate Slis 
ol board 5* x 2 JS'. 

C5177 $18^ 


Kits €ire complt'te uith isU piirt>. 
PC bojjffd fljid inftnaction*. 


1£7#D FOa Om ffiET GATALM 

FEAnmiMa onm ooiffLETE ume of xttx. 


20 W + 20W 
STEREO AMP KIT 


Two seper2te high pow^ anps on one PC board 
putDUanincredUe2Qvd&R^each. Fescifs 
low cfetorto t3i^:uliy. Gfi^dereoboodtt anfi 
loi your car son] sj^slam. Use wt^s^spesten 

12VDC. S^ofboafd rxS^' 

CM42 S19^ 


INFRARED DEIECTOR KIT 

Grest kx isting and wriffc^ ol inlrared oilpil I 
Uses sensitive sefBor and eiedicmc drcu^ to I 
respond to aJI of inlrared IV, VCR eia remolil 
contro^iefs and liDs prockcing sound and li{]ttiig [ 
abr^redllD. 9Vb^[notirdud^. S4zeof| 
bcwd:2i*xl4*. 
Complete wti ^1 
pots, PC board 
and iissnc&ons. 

C6441 


cm CLE 2^1 ON FREE INFORMAH0N CARD 


BIG PROFITS IN 
VIDEO REPAIR! 


Work from home-Earn $85 HR! 

'NO EXPERiENCE NECESSARY- 


Only requirement That you possess average 
mechanical ability and a desire to learn 


With the tens of millions of VCRs and 
Camcorders in use, ihere currently is 
a serious shnrtug^^ of trained techs 
to perform cleaning tmd repair jobs on 
these popular devices.,, Lean^ 
how you can start your 
own highly profitable^ 
Home-Based 
video servicing < 
business... 
And since 
up to 95% 
ofaJlVCRand 
Camcorder malfunc- 
tions are due lo a 
simple m<?yluvi}{yul or 

failure, you need not 
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Let Viejo's Training Program show you how! 


1-800-537-0589 

or mail coupon today! 


VIEJO PUBLICATIONS, INC. 

4470-107 Sunset Blvd.. Suite 600 
Los Angeles, OA 90027 

Yes! Kieh me yciur !-KKF.f)PPORn \m KIT today! 

e □ VCR Repair 

|l □ Camcorder Repair 

|l □ Advanced VCR Repair 

^ □ Fax Machine Repair 

g\ Name 


^1 Address 

il City/State. 

l' 


-Zip. 


Dept. RE 


.J 


60A36 


CtnCtE 271 Of* m£E E^fUlxnON CARD 


Pnm«iT> 


tkijilil 


Width 


Price 5 


No. 


1 1 5VAr 


15VA5A 


3 J" 


1.7^ 


46 95 


IRONI5»5 


1 15 V AC 


I5VM0A 


4.5^ 


72.50 


IRON 1 5 10 


1 I SVAC 


I5V/I4A 


5.2" 


2.4' 


7^.25 


TRON1514 


HE 


Power Conversion Software and Componems 


INDUCTOCADII 
DESIGN YOUR OWN MAGNETICS FOR 
SWITCHING POWER SUPPLIES 

IzKlaSs rtihTi iaf F«ite,pa«R$cnd turn, M?P« Kt»%L E.pDf al K^roid coto. 
rjkute aniiircff vm iBfitt msmd c£vt,tn tka rmog, cvppa losss, tsopci^ure rk 
iBd eon kmei^ ffte. W.tLi woh vtwOij^ ata ta^coi <m » PC. For dsm disk itad il, 

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POWDERED IRON TOROID CORES 

MieT;:i:]ail* SI e^Bool -Oood pew m^m ^ mmit. AS cm »« 

si:|7^^n«[< ^ tNtX^.TDCAD U CaD ainiix teiwCjatof. Itjvsf&m^ an^^Kim 
pv^CC ^ pw of tlK Qbffi tauAii («nt )rn n MB do i^ycttu 
fnmpcm k«cH >.il lOOtaM^ id lOOWim QHodanMir ban Q26§* to t y 

TOROIDAL POWER TR4NSF0RMERS 

Idfiilfcf cMancliflflijfrAR [lAlTEStY FlJMfSATi>R 


l*riraaiy 


120/240 


120/240 


120/240 


120/240 9\} 


VA 


^6 


45 


75 


Matches kn ?m No. 


K1PS0503/KIPS0505 


KIPS1203/Kll'Snoi 


Kli^Sl 205/1 305/1 503 


KIPS 1505 


Price S 


4K50 


46.95 


Far! No, 


TRONPK-Vi 


TRONPK45 


TRQNPK75 


4^>.50 TRONPK90 


SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY KITS 

Kij> ujvlthk AIL tii*?i;]rs'tH:tau, K' tKwd, }ic*i luii. SUtcii^^Ut., Ay^iibi)' dnwujj!^ loiiuaof 

Typical einia«icy>«0^* Mid i IK" uipiil nilcr ii* yoiu Nwd* Ufi lowef ujput nuisw Thu H 
^^r^-^iinlvd U^J AuJiit JUki! A]i(il(i;i !i;iplkitii^ii9. 


Input 


Output 


Price % 


Part No. 


K - 4 0 V D c: 


5 V / 3 A 


17.05 


K J PS050 J 


H - 4 0 V D 


5 V / 5 A 


> U . t» 5 


KIPS050S 


1 5^40VDr 


1 2 V/^A 


3 7.05 


KIPS 


I 5-40VDC 


i 2V/5 A 


} ')J)5 


KIPS 120 5 


I 7-40VDr 


n , H V / 3 A 


3 7 . *J 5 


KIPS r^0 3 


1 7-40VDC 1 


n . X V / 5 A 


^ *) . 0 5 


KiPS 1 305 


1 H*40VDf 


1 5V/3A 


M .9 5 


KiPS 1 50^ 


1 8^40VDC' 


I SV/5 A 


3 . *) 5 


KIPS I 505 


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Ml. View, CA 94040 
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POWER PINCHER 

Now there's m easy^ inmpenuve way lo save 
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duded. Only $9.95 each 


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These sporty rooking 
glasses are actuaity 3x30 binoculars with focus 
independently adjustat>fe for each eye. Quality 
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powef sup|>iy, Kew. $21 9.99 

Add-on accessories avsHat/le. 
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Over 50 pounds of pnnted prcuii boarcJs from 
computers, monitors, modems, test. RF and 
microwave equipment, all stuffed with goodies 
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pans, 50 Lbs. for $49.95 


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General Electric 5 KVA 
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240 or 460 VAC inputs, 1 20 or 2^0 VAC outputs. 
GE. model 9i 22Y43U . $95.00 
OTHER MODELS IN STOCKf 

50 Lb. CARE PACKAGE 

Suipius goodies Ixom Silicon Valley. This is not 
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rockets. Assortments may indude JC's, caps, 
connectof^. bearings, dk^des* hard«viire« drai! 
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often get re-ordefs, so we assume most folks are 
happy with the assortments we send. 

50 lbs $49.95 


2C39 VACUUM TUBE 
$49.95 each 


ATARI 2600 TRACKBALL 

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ATARI 5200 

TRACK BALL CONTROLLER 

Use asHS or dismantle for a ueasiire trove of 
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bearings; 2 optical enoKfer wheels. ICs are 
CD40t 1 , CD401 3, CD4030, CD4S38 and CA339. 
Also 34 resistors, caps, 3 diodes and one transis- 
tor. New. unused . $12,95 


14-DAY 

PROGRAMMABLE 
ELECTRONIC 
TIMER 

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your needs or dtsmantie it tor parts. Program- 
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sonaHty" module, the unil may bo modified to 
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transformer wtiich ts induded. BRAfJ D iSlEW! 

SI 9.95 each 


HAMLIN MODEL 
MCC 3000-3 

36 channel, channel 3 
output. Used, working 


$14.95 each 


STAINLESS STEEL HARDWARE 

Popular sjzes used in electron rc work. Assorted 
May contain capscrews, Phillips. Si^es 4^4Q and 
up. 3 lbs. $5.99 


100 GAUSS 
CRESCENT 
MAGNET 
Shown approx, 75% 
size. 

^BforS9.95 


7 


TTY TRANSCEIVER BOARD 

With assembly instnxtson booWet Convert ASCII 
terminal or computer into ham or shortwave 
AFSKRTTY. $9,95 each 

RARE SURPLUS 
FINDI 

BAL5 Vacuum Tubes 

from the 50's in origina: 
*Unde Sam' boxes, 

$U9 each 

20,000 Tubes in Stockf 

CHANNELS VIDEO 
DEMODULATOR 

This modulo (removed from cabi« decode f) con- 
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Two for $9.95 


MINI RELAY ASSORTMENT 

5V. T2V. 24V coils, unused, tiny lo thumb-naii 
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40SO Replicemem Toner Kit fot Ricoh 4080 User. S3S.95esii5 

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Call: 516^67-3205, Fax: 516-467-3223 


THE $99.95 
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THE PRIMER MICROPROCESSOR 

TRAINING SYSTEM 
TEACHES: • Bom phogramminq 

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' MICROCOMPUTER DESIGN 4 ASSEMBLY 

FEATURES: * monitor o.s. software in eprom 

• over 100 PAGE SELF INSTRUCTION MANUAL 
' 6 DIGIT. 7 SEGMEKT. LED DISPUY 

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■ DIGFTAL TO ANALOG CONVIHTIH 

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THEPRlMERlS^^.9SQUA^fTmnOORONLYSll9.9SQUANTmr1 IN KFT 
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inc. 

618-529-4525 FAX: 618-457-0110 
P.O.BOX 2042 CARBONDALE, IL 62902 


Internal Programmer for PC ^139 


New Intelligent Averaging Algorithm. Programs 64A in 10 sec, 256 in 1 min., 1 Meg (27010, 011) in 
2 min. 45 sec, 2 Meg (27C2001) in 5 min. Internal card with external 40 pin ZIF. 


2fLC*bl« «jiinZlF 


• Reads, Verifies, and programs 2716, 
32, 32A. 64,64A, 128, 128A256. 
512, 513, 010, 011,301,27C2001, 
MCM 68764. 2532, 4 Megabits 

• Automatically sets programming voltage 

• Load and save buffer to disl< 

• Binary, Intel Hex. and Motorola S formats 

• No personality modules required 

• 1 Year warranty 

• 10 days money back guarantee 

• Adapters available for 8748. 49, 51 , 751 , 
52, 55, IMS 7742, 27210, 57C1024, and 


memory cards I 

•Made in U.S.A. 

EMPDEMO.EXE available BBS (916} 972-8042 


4539 Orange Grove Ave, 


NEEDHAM'S ELECTRONICS 


Call for more information 


Sacfamento, CA 9S841 


(916) 924'*8037 


(Monday-Friday, 8 asn-5 pm PST> 


99 co o 


FAX (916) 972-9960 


aRCL£ 2S7 OH FREE INFOfWAtlON CAftO 


RF POWER - TRANSISTORS - TUBES - MODULES 


PARTIAL LISTING OF POPULAR TUBES AND TRANSISTORS IN STOCK 


TRAtiSfSTOnS 


MRr450 


$13.50 


2N^5S3 


y.S6 


2SC1947 


W.75 


2$C2905 


$34,50 


fiEcmm TUBES 


POWER & SPECtAL 


3560 AS $149.95 


MRF454 


I4.5€ 


2NI7T1 


2,95 


ZSC1955 


0,0(1 


2SC3101 


7.95 


6ANIA 


$13.95 


572B/5160I 


S54,95 


6873 El 


399,95 


ECG340 


ass 


MRR55 


lO.K 


125 


2SC1059 


2.2S 


J31Q 


1,50 


6AZ8 


14.95 


Match Pr. 


119.95 


6875 El 


339,95 


6,95 


HRF455A 


zium 


11.95 


2SCl97a 


2,45 


Mi371S 


6,35 


6aN5 


1T.95 


31DPL 


1D9.50 


B90BGF 


26.95 


MRF4^ 


2N4427 


1,25 


2SC1971 


4.30 


TA7205AP 


2 25 


6B26 


7.95 


atlAPL 


13.95 


6950 GE 


20.75 


MHF134 


ia.oo 


MRF475 


9,25 


2N5100 


1J5 


2SC20Z0 


t.as 


TA7222AP 


3.00 


6C35 


5.% 


Mateh Pr. 


31, W 


M$[tii Pr. 


45,90 


MRF136 


HRF47B 


Am 


?N5179 


1.25 


Z$C20Z9 


3.50 


UC125a 


Z9.50 


eCGBA 


10.95 


SpeciiV Haryv^ncptr. 


2C39A/B 


59.95 


MRF137 


2AM 


MRF477 


11. &5 


2N6589 


13.00 


2SC2053 


1,20 


OUTPUT mOULiS 


&CL6 


13.75 


S13 PL 


36,95 


3 4002 {*] 


CALL 


MRf140 


75,00 


NtRF4S5 


CALL 


Zfi55O0 


10.00 


2502075 


1.45 


SAU4 


46.70 


6CW4 


14.70 


333A PL 


84,95 


3-500Z PL 


89,95 


MRF141 


M.SQ 


MRF4S2 


15J5 


zum^ 


14. 5€ 


2SC7094 


15.95 


SAUtfiSH 


49.50 


SCK3 


11.95 


B33C PL 


89.95 


3-5002 El 


142.95 


MRfl4lG 


mH9l 


IflTS 


2»6§45 


lO.OQ 


2SC?097 


23,95 


5AV6 


32.^5 


SGKe 


13.95 1 


&&5AS,S. 


17.95 


3-500;G FL 


119.95 


6S.75 


MflFSIS 


2.90 


zmm 


15.00 


2SEZ131 


490 


SAV7 


32.95 


6GSV3 


8.95 


M2057GE 


23.95 


4-40GC £1 


1W,95 


MflFtSIG 


170.50 


MRF555 


3,50 


2NG0Em 


9.7S 


2SC2166C 


1.50 


SAV12 


17,25 


5HF5CE 


17,95 


5694 PhiEips 


43.95 


410aOA(#] 


595.00 


MHF5S9 


2.25 


2H6Qfi1 


11.35 


2SD222t 


8,25 


SAU1S 


44.00 


SJS5A £ 8JG6 


CALL 


614afi NAT/PL 


13,95 


3C)(100A5E»| 


69.95 


mmi 


3.70 


MRF620 


4.26 


2N6062 


14.35 


2SC2237 


a. 40 


SAV22A 


44.05 


OJNO 


12.95 


mkh Pr. 


20,95 


3CX400A7 El 


329.75 


MRFzae 


14,55 


MRF&3D 


3.75 


2H60S3 


t4.B 


2SCZZfl9 


15.15 


m57726 


57,75 


18,95 


5145BGE 


23.95 


3CXSQ0A7 El 


319,95 


MflFZ39 


15.95 


MRFS41 


1^.95 


2N&064 


14.35 


2SC2290 


15.95 


M57727 


55.BD 


6K0S G€ 


19.K 


Match Pr. 


54.^ 


3CX120CIA7 Et 


424. 5Q 


1&.50 


MRf§44 


23.00 


2SAlin2 


1J0 


2SC2312C 


4.95 


M57729 


61.50 


6KV6 A 6Le6 


CALL 


6146W 


19.95 


3CX15O0A7 El 


644.50 


32.00 


MRfMS 


24.75 


2S97S4 


2.5fl 


2SC2306 


23,90 


PA57732L 


35,70 


6lf 6 GE 


19.^ 


6550A 


mt 


3C3C300OA7 El 


744,50 


M1^F34T 


23.35 


MRfMfl 


29.9S 


2SC730 


4,50 


2SC25D9 


10.^ 


M57737 


3a.9S 


SLaS GE 


19.9S 


6973 


19.9S 


4CX25(3B FL 


79.95 


MI^FZGQ 


11.50 


MRF001 


1.50 


2SC7I1 


5.^ 


ZSC25aO 


1.85 


M55741 1 MM 


59.00 


6LR6 & 6LX6 


CALL 


7199 


18,95 


4C]CZ50B El 


99.30 


MRFZ52 


1ZJS 


MRF066 


4,35 


2SC1306 


CALL 


2aC2030 


22.95 


MS7745 


03, Z5 


6MJ6 


CALL 


7269 


4CX250R PL 


99,95 


MRFZS4 


13.4S 


MR FT 946 


T5.D0 


tSC1307 


CALL 


2SG2640 


17.00 


MS7747 


39.25 


12BY7A 


11.75 


7558 


14.95 


4CX3aOA 


CALL 


62,00 


flF120 


CALL 


?SC1419 


4.70 


2SC2702 


37.75 


H57762 


69.95 


12JB6 GE 


19,05 


7501 /KT66 


17,95 


4CX350A,F 


CALL 


MRf4Zl 


22 .t5 


SflF?072 


13.75 


ZSC1729 


13.2S 


2SC27a3 


59.35 


M57735M 


54.95 


27LF6 mi 


^1.95 


3072 


169.95 


4CX15P0BEI 


710,00 


M.dS 


SaF3€«2 


27,70 


2SCm5 


4.95 


2SC2379 


19.95 


M577^MA 


2f.5d 


20LF6 


19.95 


8122 


159.95 


4CX5G00A 


995. DO 


MRF433 


12.20 


SfiF374g 


CAU 


2$C1&45A 


15.65 


2St:2B04 


30.50 


MKW SERIES 


CALL 


30irD6 Stl 


17.96 


8417 OE 


1955 


4032 


119,55 


Wgi El = Eimac, PI = Penta Labs 


Hq\q: {f} = IndustriJi Boxetf EfmaCii'Amparej^ 


Limiied Warranty: 1 2 month / 3,000 hours on Penta & 


El mac Uansmittirig mn 


TECHmCAlSQQKB 


DtSCRlPTlOH NET 

ARAL RADIO AMATEURS HANDBOOK. 1992 EdHIcn, (TJit "Biblel 5-1/4 1^, S2S.D0 

ARR L ANTEN HA BQ D K H im F/U H F- Wire Ait'$/Bea ms. 1 6th Ed . 4 th. 20 . 00 

ARR L miU NA I M P£ DANCE MATCH IN G 1 . 3 LB. 15 ,00 

ARRL REF L E CTI ON S/T M\m ISSI ON L I »ES AN D ANTENNAS 1 , 0 LB. 20,00 

ARHL DATA B DO K . F Drmul a ; . s chsmal ! t.%. \z bie$, &!c. 1 3 LB. If .00 

ARFL TRANSMJSSIOF^ LINE TRANSf aR^^EHS. Znd ed. Batuirt/etc. 1 .4 Lfi. 20.D0 
hmi NOW YOUR TALKING, NEW NO CODE No¥ie«/T^eh U:«ii£e Slucfy Ouldt 1 .B LB, 19,00 

ARRL TOUR INTRODUCTION 10 MORSE COPE, N»vlc« & Ttcli 5 wpm Tapts 10.0(3 

ARRL RADIO FREQUENCY Ih^TfRFEREr^CE. How la Elnt! M and lis ft 15.00 

AHRL LICENSE MANUAL, TECHNICIAN CLASS & Novice %M 

ARRL LICENSE MA N UAL . UEN ERAL CLASS A.OO 

ARRL R EPEATE R D E RE C TO RY. Cu r r l^nt tssu e 8.IX) 

ARRL YOQR CAT t WAY TO PACKET RAOfO 1.2 LB. 12.80 

ARRLUKF,'MtCR0WAVEE^P£RJMENTERSMANUAL?.5Lt. :^.00 

ARRL SATELLITE EXPERIPAENTERS KANDBDDX ?0,00 

m^l THE COMPLETE OX er. Tethnl£Hifl^/Tips/QSL 13.00 

PASSPORT TO WORLD BAND RADIO. Shorl Wave Listening & Ireq. 1 .6 LB. 14.95 

MOTOROLA RF DEVICE MANUAL (tntl, AppI, NoIbS h Zm% Ref, 4.3 lbs} 14.95 

ECO SBET^lcflnduclorE Easier ReplacemenI GuEdE,'Speci. ECO-2120 3 ths 4.95 

Monday - Friday 7:30 a.m. - 5 p.m. PST / 10:30 a.iii. - B p.m. EST 

•EXPORT -CE-M. -SERVICE • fl&D •AMATEUR 'MARINE 

SHIPPING MiTliOD & CHAnGES: Mfnlmucn Ofdtr S?Q.DO 
fiEST WAY: UPS ORDERS RECEIVED BEFDRE 4 p.m. PST (7 p. m, EST) SHIPPED SAME PAY, 

rs::^^ r^l Exorft$^ i Aarba^nf / QHL i USPS Are ^ AVi»iat)lft. 
GROUND SERVICE: 3-7 ^^fjui^ dj^ '^idtbm?' ^ ^ 

1 ,00 i»r iwvnd ^wt 2 potft0s. F«4tn{ Eipress 


HEWi 


OESCRrPTiOH 

FEDERAL ASSIGNMENT MASTER FILE NtHng or f r»qt. 
RADtO^ECH M0D3FICATT0NS Freq Ejjj, HF.'VHFIcom/Kenwoutl/Yieiti/SMnners 
U.S. REPEATER MAPBDOK LacaEici^n/treqLientv gBnaraphicslly 
SERVICE MANUAL AR'330{) & m ^m Rarroor \m Xcvr. 
SERVICE MANUAL fot CYBERNET EipoM ' Radios 
SERVICE MANUAL FOR UNIDEN Eipcrrl" Rsdias 
SERVICE MANUAL fiCI-2950 10W Xcvr, 
SERVICE mwkl 10 -SSOO^-SSD 0^1500 VBF Ma fine Trmtsiwf 
UriOERSTANDINQ ( REPAIRtNG CO RADIOS, totj Franlclln. 2 lb. Special 
ENGINEERS SICRETS OP RADtO. Tufas Ampsj'MaEtuliiliDn tips/ScheFnatlca/TVI 
CG PEL DATA BOOK. Now Into motional Edition, L Franlilln 
CR TRICKS OF THE TRADE. TesiypeakSng/anlonn^s/ & much more 
CB THICKS IL Schem^tt^s oj popuFar linear smps & mpre 
CB TUNE UP n^ANUAl. MaiCfrr Edihon. Whstto euttwtok mods,, etc. 
CBTUNE UP MAFIUAl, Master Ed /Vol, II, More Inlo on pQ|]tJlarxcvrt 
CB TUNE UP MANUAL, Milter Ed, /Vol. III. Addtlbnal Inro on other eptp. 
RADIO SECRETS. ISmeL CB) P«rlcirnianc$^ Improvomo^nts on Aipatsur S 

CB trsnsmltlsrx/ainptitiers/mDds^'^elc. Vol. 1-30 Reg. $20.00/vo!. 
SECRET CB Ind^i. Lis li rig mod&l number snd arliclr 


WET 
S1§,9!S 
10,95 
9,05 
20.00 
15.00 
15.DD 
15.0D 
17.50 
34,05 
15,95 
19.95 
15.95 
15,95 
24.35 
29.95 
34.95 

14.95 
2.50 


rMirnmum. MA S.SO psr poiirtd i, 
h^M AIR SERVICE: UPS BLUE, S6 00 mminum Add £1,00 wr pound «teve 2 f«0«n{ Eipress ito 

jvj'ijtx^ .11 ^im( cY-^ttA. Na CCD A22SliJ f Ha«ati t Puerto Rco ^Canada: No COD, Ptesse ask Ei&r c^dif' 
liEXT m DEUVERY: OPS REB, St3 50 minimum A*k lor shippiitg charijes atww 1 lb 

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PAYWEHT WETHOO: CfltPAiO wiUi cttKk &f mon#y order. Perwnai checks musi ha^e prepnnicd acmress m are 
iimitd to- J40.0D, Check; relomsd lg<r 4iHjtfici£nt funds unLj be ^bjdct ta a S£0 00 ctiirgie. over^ 
23 y mtJi) wll be fitomttr. 
VlSJ^WIiRaiRD acofKid 

C.D.D.T Add ^.00 doTBSL Ctsh. Ca4^iiK$ CtxdL Momy Omr, or Prt-ipprDvtd Compasiv Ctncli on^ 

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OPEN ACCOUNT: Net 30 scttjunts 10 firms whcte cretJil h^.? twrt prs-jppttJveil. 
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AIR PARCEL POST fi svailalilfl m larger bems. tnsurjriieflfleprsrraiicfl 4s often jviiljbic Adn&& tf dP$ir*d 
CANADA: W m:niT.u?n sWppiOft)h*m«t>a cJiargi uu Is T ib f&f pcstal 


ORDERS ONLY 


1-800-RF-PARTS 

1-800-737-2787 


WO TECHNICAL 


MAIN ORDER LINE 


619-744-0700 


INFORMATION 


CUSTOMER SERV. 


619-744-0750 

(10a.m. -4 p.m. orly) 


TECHNICAL 


FAX 


619-744-1943 


FAX 


IrfI 


M PARTS 

BOX 700 
SAN MARCOS, CA 92069 


m 
o 


CIRCLE 266 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


60A43 


SILVER PLATING ON-THE-JOB. 
COOL CONDUaiYITY. 
CONVENIENT ANYWHERE. 

Cool-Amp is a proven product that silver-plates 
high amp connections (any connections) on the 
Job. It is very simple to use. Simply clean the 
contact and apply 
with a damp rag. 
Cool-Amp adheres 
permanently. It 
is equal to 
electroplating in 
performance. 

Use Cool-Amp to reduce maintenance time. 
Use it on all current carrying connections. 
Prevent power losses and overheating from 
copper oxide. Time-tested for over 35 years. 

ORDER FACTORY DIRECT 


ED 


Cool-Amp Conducto-Lube Company 

1 5834 Upper Boones Ferry Road • Lake Oswego, Oregon 97035 
(503) 624-6426 • Fax (503) 624-6436 


60A44 


IF YOU NEED 
A CONDUCTIVE LUBRICANT, 
YOU NEED CONDUCIO-LUBE. 

Conducto-Lube is an excellent lubricant which is highly 
conductive because it contains pure silver. Conducto-Lube 
was originally developed for use in high speed air blast 
breakers to improve conduc- ^^^^ 
tivity and lubrication. (Other I^^^B ^^^^ 
lubricants are often non- 
conductive, even resistant.) 

The uses of Conducto-Lube 
continue to expand — from 
switches and breakers, to 
electronics and virtually any 
application where a conduc- 
tive lubricant is needed. s a 

Conductivity Is demonstrated by Inserting 115 VAC test prongs 
into a container of Conducto-Lube and establishing a circuit. Photo 
shows low voltage (115 VAC) continuity through a container. 

ORDER FACTORY DIRECT 


Cool-Amp Conducto-Lube Company 

1 5834 Upper Boones Ferry Road • Lake Oswego, Oregon 97035 
(503) 624-6426 • Flax (503) 624-6436 


CIRCLE 221 O'f FKE£ tNFORMATtOhT CARD 


Visible Laser Diode Module 


-40 mm- 


Ughi 
Aperture 


This miniature McKluIe contains a Laser Drode, Drfve Circuit, 
and Coltomating Optics enclosed in a rugged, anodized 
aluminum housing. Operates on 3 to 6 VDC Runs for hours 
on 3 AAA batteriesl Data included. 2mW, 670nm output 

Cat. 0VDM^2 «990« 


Complete Helium Neon Laser 


Dimensions: 
6.3" LxZr Hx 14"W 

This module contains a He-Ne tube and matching power 
supply, all in one housing! Comes with instmctions and a 1 
year warranty. Makes an ideal Science Fair Pro|ect. Operates 
on 12 VDC @ 600 mA, 
Output: Visible Red 633nm continuous. 

0.5 mW Power Output Cat 0HNKD'1O 

1.5 mW Ptjwer Output. 3 times the power as above! 

CaLSfHNKD-15 ^75**** 


Helium Neon Laser Tubes 


4 


Tested 1-10 2mW used tubes. Dimen- 
sions 95" to 11" length x 1.2" dia. 
Operates on 1500VDC @ 4.5 to 6.0 mA. 


Specif tcati on Sh^t 
Included. 

Cat. # BT-lt 


He Ne Laser Power Supplies 

13 «35«o 


Specificatkon 
Sheet 
Included 


0 


O 


3^ 


Testedt used Switching Power Supplies for 1 to4 mW He Ne 
Lasers, operates on 10 lo 14 VDC at 15 to 2 Amps. Output: 
1500 to 2000 VDC % B.0 m A, 8 KV Start Voltage. Dimensions 
are: 45" x 15" xOB", requires an external Heal Sink, Works 
great with the tube above. 

Cat § IPSA 


C.O.d;s Wolcome. Minimum Order $25 * 
on ihes& Bnd othor r&tQt^d itmms. 

iilcREDilH INa TRUmErUa 

5035 N. 55th AVE.. »5 / P.O. BOX 1724 / QLENDALE, A2 85301 
PHONE: FAX: 

602-934-9387 602-934-9482 


TECH-SYSTEMS 

WE BUY AND SELL ELECTRONIC TEST EQUIPMENT 
{S0O)4354SI6 1 RflldSt. Avon,r4J 07717 fax 1(90^774-1 009 


J^OHTABLE 
_ OSGiLLOSCOPES 
Tek 453......50tnhz $295 

Tek 454 ISOmhz S450 

Tek 465 TOOmhi $695 

Tek 475....,200mhz S995 

Tek 485 350mhz $1,435 

Tek 2465...300mh2 $2,995 
HP 1710.,„.200Tnhz S595 
HP lSOa.,..50mhz $295 
Tek 5000 & 7000 series tab 
scopes & plug*lns available 
(Tek 7603. 7613. 7AieA. 
7A26A, 7BS3A. 7B92A, and 
many more in stock) 


l^rTSpectnjiTi Arm^yla^ 

SEECmUMAmLYZERS 
HP 14lTmainframa......$e95 

HP B552a F s»Ction....,$83S 

HP 6SS3B 0-1 lOmhz $795 

HP8S54B 0-I200mhz$1.295 

HP B555A 0-18ghz $1,695 

HP 85S6B 20-300khz....S795 

Tek 715 Plyg-in.... .$2,850 

Tek 711 3 Plug-in $2,900 


SHiNALjO^iERAIDHS 

HP 600 series $295 

HP 8690 series .,„.trom $3^ 

Wavetek 3001 520mhz. $1.0^ 

HP 8620C mainframe, $795 

HP 8640B 512mh2.,.. S2.595 

HP 86408 1024mhz. ....$3,395 

HPS672A2-18gh2{*«3c™} ,..,$9,995 


HP &gf«l GencfBlot 

W.GTFPM*43 icsvel meter $400 

HP 33 1 A distortion anafyzer $350 

H P 334 A d isto rt ron an alyzer $850 

Tek 575 curve tfacer $49S 

Tek 576 curve lfacer\tixtyrt $3,395 

HP200CDoselllalor $100 

HP 204C\D oscillatof S195 

HP 6518 oscillator $295 

HP654Aosdllat0f $525 

HP 32003 oscillator $250 

HP 5320 series counters from $195 

HP5328A counter $395 

HP 41 5E SWR meter $1 95 

HP 3406A voftmoter $550 

HP 400EL voHmeter $1 95 

HP 432A pwr mtr*iCabJe\mountS395 

HP 435A pwr mfAcabre\mount$S95 
MANY MORF fT EMS IN STOCtC 


10 DAY UNCONDITIONAL RHTURN POLICY 


CmCLE 2S2 OK FR££ MFOfiUATlOII CAfUl 


OBCLE Z73 ON FR££ ^NFORUATION CABO 


LOOK WHAT'S NEW AT MCMl 


MDM now has gamg conlrotler rtit; ber replacement patfs for the most popular 
computer pmes on the market t These pads replace commonly worn direciionel pad, 

ASB response part and seleci stari frad, 


Game Bay Type (For One Game Boy) 


Si 25 


Super NES Type (For Two Controls) 
#83^1575 


S979 


Sega Genesis Type (For Two Conlrols) 
#83-1530 


Si 89 


Si 69 


I Game Bil Drivers am used to remove 
, tamper- resistant seeurity screws foond 
V In many Japanese made consumer 
r electronics. 

» \>t" hex Sii0 can be used with a stancJard ' hex nui 
drivef or mosi rechargeabfe screwdrivers • 1 1?" length 
■ Bfack anodiTfd steeT* Made m USA 

Available In Two Sizes: 
3.8mm Game Bit 

« Used to lemDve s\m shaped security screws lotjnd 
on most Nintendo NES and Game Boy cartridges 

#22-1145 

4.5mm Game Bit 

• • U sed E d r e m rj ve s la r 3 haped se co r i E y scr e m lou n d 
I on the Super MES and NEC Tur&ogi3f;( game systems 

• Ca n be used to open S^g a ca rtridges .Nintendo 
' Game boy battery packs for service or Ni Cad battery 

repiacemen! 

#22-1150 


Game Bit Drivers 


sqso 


S|]95 


ALSO NEWf 

I^JUHMfA ' VCB Service Cassette with 

OutperfoffTis the others in quatsty ar>d per for ma nee ? 
Operates all VHS makss and models including Etie 
new "G" c';ii;.sis I hi aw away your old jit} and 
updale your VCH issi bench wttti litis hinh-cjuasity 
service cassette today! 


MCM ELECTRONICS 

650 CONGRESS PARK DR. 
CENTeRVRLE. OH 45^59-^07S 
A f*fteMt£R Company 


#32-3840 


$1995 


Tlie prit^es shown renecl 
the latest information 
available. 


To order, or to 
receive a FREE 
MCIVI Catalog.. 
Call Toll Free: 

1-800-5434330 

OR FAX 1-513-434-6959 


8 


1 


iUBCTHOWICS 


1 


CAlLTOUfHEE 
l"B<)t>-543'4330 


RES-02 


CIRCLE 286 ON F^EE INFORMATION CARD 


PELTIER JUNCTION 
$20.00 

PELTIER JUNCTIONS ARE BACK l!l 
The peKier junction b a 
thefmovoftaic device. Current applied to the 
device will produce heat or; orie side of the 
device and a cold surface on the other side- Also, 
heet or cold applied to the device wilt produce e 
voltage. Approximately 1,17" x 1 .17' x this 
little wonder is any hobbyist or experimenter's 
dream come trueM HOW fT WORKS : thermal 
energy is extracted from a region thereby 
reducir^g fts temperature, then rejected to a 
'heatsink' region of higher temperature. 
DOCUIWENTATION INCLUDED!! J 


ELECTRONICS, INC 

6123 PAGE BLVD " ST. LOUIS. MO 63130 
(314)427-et16 
9222 CHESAPEAKE DR. ' SAN IXEGO, CA S2123 
(St 9y 279-6602 
2535 FEDERAL BLVD. * DENVEP. CO a021 1 

(303)458-5444 
MAIL ORDERS CALL TOLL-FREE 
t -800-669-531 0 
EUQJROmCAWf SPEAKim, 
GATEWAYS GOT trt 


1 


X-BAND TRANSMITTER KIT 
$39,95 

Great for testing end calibrating redar receiving 
equipment! Go wild with the latest state-ot the- 
art technology using teflon PCB, microstripltneH 

surface mounted parts, and GaAs FETs to 
prove to the world that it is possible for a small 

package to do big things... and talk about 
Impressive bu22 words! The X-band transmitter 
is ideal for testing long range X-bend receiving 
equipment approximately 15 mW on 10 GHz 
with FM pulse modulation. CAUTION: this 
device will activate radar detectors up to 1 mile 
away. Kit comes complete with ai! parts, 
schematic, ar^d 2-1/4' x 3-3/4' x 1 ' catainet to 
give your X*band transmitter a professional 
^ appearance. Operates 
from a 9v battery (not 
It..' ' f included) 


K^BAND FEED ^ 

HORN 
$3.50 (new) 

As used In radar 

detectors and 
jammers. Ideal to 
destgn Into en ATV 
system, etc. 


Approx. 1 -5/8' X 1 -3/S' x 9/16" 

THE FlME PPtNT : 
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WTTHOLrT NOTICE 
' GATEWAY tS NOT RESF0«3l6LE FOR PR ?srnNG 
ERFSORS - MASTEfCARO, VISA AND DISCOVER 
ACCEPTED ' $10 J/ERCHAWPfSe MINIMUM ON 
MA3L ORDERS • FAX ORDERS TO (314U27-St47 
ATTN: MAILOflDER DEt^ (INCLUDE PHONE 
NUMBER ' SUPPLY OF GOMt ITEWS IS UMHTEO • 
PR3C^ DO NOT INCLUDE SHIPPJNG * UFES 
UNCEFTTAIN, EAT DESSERT FSf^T! 


MOTOROLA AMPLIFIED SPEAKER 
NEW $29.95 

The perfect addition to handheld mobile 
operation. Lots of audio power (10 watts) and a 
large speaker for audio clarity. 
Operates from 8-16 VDC @ 

100mA. Qreatforany 
requirement for an amp and 
speaker. Includes mounting 
bracket connector kit, and 
hook-up instructions. 
^ Approximate dimensions : 5' X 5' X 2-1 12* JJ 

^ "OMPUFACTS " " " ™ '"'^ 

Tips, Tricks, Facts, and 
Secrets for Resolving 
Software and Hardware 
Problems 
S34.95 
A comprehensive, easy to read 

computer troubleshooting 
manual that can be used by professionals and 
novices alike. The Compufacts manual contains 
important technical information that is needed 
when servicing computers. The 193 big pages 

are full of facts, illustrQtior>s, and a wealth of 
information based on the 'hands-on' experience 
of the author and other service technicians. You 
also receive access to the COMPUFACTS onlinel 
Bulletin Board System. With a modem you can 
connect to this oniine database to download 
device iffivers and jumper settings of US and 
offshore computer products. The manual also 
features many manufacturer's technical support 
and BBS phone numbers. Once youVo got a 
copy, you may wonder how you (and your 
computer) ever survived without it!! ! 1 


CIRCLE 243 ON FREE INFORMATtON CARD 


60A47 


TOTAL SECURITY 


ALARMS SECURITY: 

• Police nionkorcd or direct phanc dialing systems 

• Syhicm package kits or individiially sold. 

• Avuilabk in wire or wireless firc/hurglar sysiems. 

• Wc curry and make lop of the line Motion Delectors. 
Snn>kc/Heai Deieciorii. and Glass Break Dcicclors, 

• As well its; Campmer Alanns* Car Alarms, Life Alcn 
Systems. CCTV. and Door entry alcn. 


.iinl 


SURVEaLANCE/COUNTER SURVEILLANCE: 

• Telephone tapping, bugs, transmiiicr^, receivers, 
Scninibier^i for Voice. CcHular. Phont, FAX. Modems. 

■ Tapping detectors. Bug dctectars* Tactical Cameras, Voice 
Descrarnbters, Night Vision Systems, Covert Devices, 
Encrypted » and Disgu losing syMcnis, 


8 
I 

UJ 


PERSONAL SECURITY: 

• Culler in Phone: Displays the eaUer Phone Number, 

• Touch Tone Decoder: t)ect>des and displays Phone No, No 
need for telephone company subscription. 

• Programmable Scanners: Top Quality scanners thai can 
also receive car phones and cordle.s\ phones. 

• Voice Disguising telephone^i: Nobtxly will recognize your 
voice, even your Mom. 

• 80,000 - 150,000 Volts Slun Guns, Immobilizing Guns, 
Tear Gas. and genuine Mosquito repi^ller. 


FREE ARmmX SCASSEM ASD VOiCE DISC it islSC 
TELEPHOSE DR^iWISG EVERY MOMH 


To obtain your guanimeed lowest prices info package plus our 
products catalog — send S5 ''REFUNDABLE", when 
ordcrmg to: DIRECT SALES CENTER. P.O. BOX 1074. 
MOORHEAD, MN 56561. For inquiry call: 701- 232-5107. 


WE ARE YOUR BEST SOURCE 
FOR TOTAL SECURITY , 


CIRCiE ^Q9 ON FREE INFORhlATIOr^ CAT^D 


ALL PRICES INCLUDE 


VISIBLE LASER POINTER PEN 


businessmeri. and mlier 
pmlessiofials. Improve anil 
enhanca iH your 
presentations 


Not a kit. but a compieie 
commefcial pen sized lai 
poinier ai an IntiedibJe pr : :- b ».rin s z^g 
body Runs on two smati AAA baiter les Battefy 
bte. 2-TO hours Vtsible SmW (STDriM) lasef 
Projects a Visible red spot at more than t50 
As usiMj Jor medical treatment by somt doctors S "I 
and acupuncturists I*t5# 


I.R. NIGHT VISION HELMET 
MOUNTED BINOCULARS 


MiQh quality military binocular 
I R vitmor Sell povi-eree, and 
oftgfnatly intended to be 
mouniod on a helmor Focus 
IS adjustable from 3 feet to 
irtfinity. 
Requires 
some IB. 
Hfumirtation. 
Powered 
by one 
; single ISV 
battery. 
Umjied stock. 


I.R. MINI NIGHT VIEWER 


A very small complete kit tnctudes 
t>olh afi ad^ustab^ tens a nO an 
eyepiece Srmple constfuct>on 
Instructions provided O^aws only 
?5mA from the 9V batiery. I R 
iHuminalion is required m the dafH. and 
good ranges are possible with |usi 
medium powered tocussab e torches, 
luted vyitb an I B filter Kit includes 
the l,B. tube, tens eye-ptoce, $^ QQ 

etectronics kit and the case kit, I 


I.R. NIGHT VIEWER 


A very smalt telescopic monocutar IR 
viewer, The assembled scope has high 
quality rnilitary grade opites, and employs 
a pfeiQcussed I B image convener tube 
This tube has a useful response from 600-1300 
nM. thus also making it useful when workjng 
WTth I B, LEOs, and t R laser systems The 
scope has provision \Qf a coaxial E HT 
connect ton. and H supplied! wtth a pOAfer 
supply kit. that features a ready assemt)t«d 
inverter cki a sniaJJ PCS The pow supp*if 
easily fits into a smalt piastre case, and can be 
fitted with a bett d'p Also supplied* AI m K9fy 
srr^l fraction of Fts real value' 


OATLEY ELECTRONICS 

5 LANSDOWNE PARADE. OATLEY 
SYDNEY NSW AUSTRALIA 2223 


■ PHONEORDERS 

East Coast between 7 pm ar^J 3 am 
^1 West Coast between 4 prn and W pm 

■ 011 612 579 4985 


■ FAX ORDERS ■ 

■ 011 612 570 7910H 


CIRCLE 106 ON FREE INFORM ATION CARD 


60A4B 


OCEAN STATE ELECTRONICS 

PROFESSIOHAL, AMATEUR, OR COMMERCIAL — WE'RE YOUR ONE STOP ELECTRONIC SOURCE 
CALL OR WRITE FOR OUR FREE 112 PAGE CATALOG 1-401-596-3080 


DELUX CODE KEY 

wtK bail bsazjT^ pivplj 
Dei^^ fo- hind Wiiffe 


MASTERING THE MOHSE CODE 

Th.* boc* 5&acftBt tSi* tocinnw haw to t^m ih« Ha»se 
Ccd« Ser^ 01 tCCtCs-CtMndAranu^ Tor practicing; 
:n4 k,T»£A Lifl ca£« <|[;^ibe(. hew to 1 VKi ara 

**C^6':^. tow 50 fcu' Id and frc* a ccxSa- prii^-iJii 


CODE PRACTICE 
OSaLLATOR i MONITOR IN KtT 
FORM OR wmBQ 

CjcHv panel Wch «A^ficn e( 4 
ixartf . t*Kd MT 6i**f b» 


Kll 


LINEAR ICS 


,25 


.07 


ITS 


.3* 


,69 


LU741 


2.75 


,3S 


.43 


.10 


,4f 


.10 


J5 


.15 


.fit 


TRANSISTORS 


MAGNET WIRE 

fat w-j^dig wai, iram^nw i 

i?4 3.70 JKW 

3.75 (fSfl. ,4.S0 

*J3 . 3.&5 r3« 4.95 

«0 4.00 MO 5.10 

»32 , 4.40 


T-Z5*2 40 

T'2S'fl 40 

T,;j7^ 4S 

TO 7- 12 45 

T^O'2 55 

T-60-3 .,„55 

T50-B 55 

TC8-0 

T6*^a 75 

T6B-tt T» 

Teo-a fls 

T200-2 4.00 


TOROIDS 

FT37-43 SO 

FT37-61 SO 

FT37-77 .....50 

rT50'43 75 

rrso-ei 73 

FT50*r7 7* 

rro2-43 1 00 

1 00 

FTi2-6S 1 00 

FTl14-ei 2-^5 

FT140U3 4 10 

rraao^i ,aoo 


WE STOCK A COMPLETE UME OF 
TOHOIOS AND OEADS. 


Q-DOPE 

b* u»4 » 4 C4«n«nl lor TWMdaern3l*9 


CD22402E 

CMOS LSI Syn Omrtsw 


MAKE CIRCUIT eOAHDS 
THE NEW, EASY WAY WITH 
TEC-200 FILM 

JUST 3 EASY STEPS 

Qti t£C-OT rim 

S SHEETS ffl.25 

to SHEETS I10.7» 

20 SHEETS mM 


REGULATED POWER SUPPLIES 
13.S VOC 

ocfw 1^ I VOC 4n» LEDo^K^^ulsr.l'xina.-cuf 

aAiu^ m.50 

4 AW" 

«AMP mso 

10 AMP $7*,50 
20 AMP . I11S.50 
30 A V? t1-4t.S0 


MINhCIRCUrrs SBL.1 
DIODE RING MIXER 


MINIATURE TOGGLE SWITCHES 
t25V Scld«r T»rmin«l3 


CM OM 


SI. 25 
St. 50 


6 


DIGITAL CAPACITANCE/ 
INDUCTANCE METEH 

Ij.G.TAL LCR VET^R rTDaiu^^s 
ndLJcu-^. caoacfiVB and fCi^iAi^ 
At U»t' An ICR iTwl9f Chat mwyoM caA 
AflOf^ No« ^ can rnua^# co^, 

CwJicJOf* r^wn 1 to 200 rrdis tna 
rntjisssri nuffl! . t eft™ 20 TTi*g ohm* 
A'l in haJi*ibd iM4ftiW«t 
MODEL LCB'1801 _ $119.95 


VERNIER DIALS 

1 - trr DvTWtif & ID UvtCKlQ 

! > r[M.TMO-tcoWAiii^ £9,25 


SiGrJETlCS NE602AN 


$2.49 BUY 2 on MORE ...S2.25 


too WATT INVERTER 


-ttUCHIIOflE 


5-#2 6-i(l 7- 


$99.95 


QflP CW TRANSCEIVER KfT 

» Avaiabia en ^ or 40M btr^ 
» li'FO Vinng will v»ff5i*r iJal 

' MaasuFB* [HWD) 2 S.-i" jr£ i S' 

ORP-20 20M VERSION $140.95 

ORP-OO 40M VERSION SmSS 

DATAMARK DRY TRANSFER *^ i : 

TITLES AND MARKINGS T^^'^" ^ 

( LETTE H AN D N UM BE H SH E ETS) ; fT..::, ' ' ■ ' 

Eacit; ccifBrFt a Epecah^Bd a'sa o1 eleCtr-pniES ^ i '. ^ . "il ', i" .. . ' 

Til'^ tfltt Hinrain hvo3 V^" jc S" EfliB vh*eti-a,Kd 
one i€it!wiiuni»r &hsfl(. TPMi^wfi a^ntbtfi mik 

aai(j(lmrw el EMac* , *nd gtfd ^\ l/T 

high r jr .^^^^X. 


AUDIO, TV AND HI-FI 

Tildas ccfl/et Lna a^jg io troatttaSi. rKcrdii-jg ar^ Elereoafeai 

K5eB Bl^ick (K5SW White) Audio Titles ......$4.Sd 

AMATEUlf RADIO AND CB 

Set us. dMigihitd tof m^mg an and oonmjntcK4ni«qLi0'nM 

K59B Block (KS9 While) Amal«ur Radio We* $4,95 

TEST AND INDUSTRIAL 

H3i rvnvQ^ pjlst fof mjirK*"^ S^CCM. iTi*t#i . afwi>jf«r|,, pl^»rt and rn«1 oth« iMt 

KG1 B B]^k {Kei W Wh^te) TmI an^i Jndutltial Tmu $4.95 

MARKS AND SWITCH PATTEflNS 

Dc(n bkcK anci whde e>^& ^ETicli and WhiT4 uurtmiinff 

KG2 Marks and Switch Patterns ................h.......... S^hS 9 

ALPHABETS AND NUM8ERALS, 1/4", 1/2" 

Sfljs. ha.v9 3^ tt'^as*.. 2 wMta ar^ I -y^ fJiet d I^Swi Ai^ fm-'ttmn 

K63 1/8" LflUers and Number* ....$4.95 

K64 1/4^ L««lflrs and Numbsn — , ...S4.9S 

K65 iiZ* Lftllera and Numbets SI.95 


5FGNAL INJECTOR/ 
TRACER KIT 

Ihit, handr B ban l (^n4U 

0*n*iifio< L4« it tc ttrnf. rax Ah 

AM taaa iF And ^ iSAgH. 1*4 A 
rK*N*r cjm eUiH wh*f« A 

■nd rtoAfyttmutRnv^i^ 


LOGIC PROBE KIT 

+<j^d f*id [>.-j-i43 Log c Pj»» 

»t dipiti:^ 1og>!; WvtH (hifh c* 
]o^n*na«condi. H^tfiimtif 


TRIMMER CAPACITOR ASSORTMENT 

Top Osi'if V CD'^.i tarn* "wo Br;d 
lnr«9 g^^g ^ wfti 

tOpOi 


¥18.95 


TO ORDER 


VERNIER ORIVE 

ArtwK^n fTiide ^ T vwr-is? dr^-e »^ai 
dual piari Tovnti-vg iu.'^a-wirn Jw3 
I VPtd iVkU (E'Sfi] f U Q'l^ fTCJ^rl^ 

SI 0.75 


SISJS 


6146B POWER TUBE 

MtHi Popuiif P'Dw«rTub« 
Ua« in l# TpinAn^vi:. 


CALL US fOt^ ALL 1^0 Ufl TUB£ H££0£l^ 


Call 1 -eOO'866-6626 ORDERS ONLY 

{Catatog requests can not be taken on toll 
free number.) 

8 a.m. ' 6 p.m. EST 
Monday througti Friday 
OR WRITE TO: 
Ocean State Electronics, 
P.O. Box 1458. Westerly. R.L 02891 

OR FAX TO: LOCAL CALLS USE 

(401) 596-3590 596-3080 

W paying by CREDtT CARD Include Card No 

and E>(p[ra1ion Date 

Mail in orders please include $4,00 shipping 

CANADA S7,00 - OVERSEAS Si 2.00 
Minimum order $10.00 
R, I. Residents add 7% Sales Tax 
ORDERS RECEIVED BY 1:00 PM EST-* 
SHIP SAME DAY! 

FREE SHIPP^Q ON ALL MAIL IN ORDERS 
OVER $25.00. 

NOT VAUD WHEN COMSINED W/CAT. ORDERS. 
Applies to UPS Grdunci in CQHtinontal U.S. Only. 
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE 


EDGEWISE MOUNT S^METER/SWR 

2S0y*A rtt)^nml 5iaJe mriMM s^gp*! 0-SOCfl Hsi two 


ro^i bom ttfiTiAl j&SOcb^ and 


$4.C0 


MULTIVOLTAGE 
AC ADAPTER 

Pii'M SOIMA 
Inp^S 1!7tfAC 

7 5V,9V. 12V CC 

Un^v^tia^|AlS 


$5.95 


RECTIFIER DIODES 

1N4<502 
1N4003 
1N4004 
>N4tKJ5 
lN4C?0e 
1N4O07 
1NS400 
tN540l 
tNM02 
tN&404 

IN 5407 
IN 54 OS 


.09 
.10 

.10 
.12 
.15 
►17 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.25 
.25 
.25 
25 


COPPER CLAD 
PC BOARDS 

0^01 C;;)!^. dhi^'^'c base 

$1,50 

S2.0O 


CIRCLE 2m ON FRE& tN FORMATION CARD 


60A49 


Learning Electronics made FUN and EASY 

.€t^^ withUCANDO'S 


^-kM^ Unique Computer Animated Videos 


Pan 1 DC 


Digital I 


Part 2 AC 


Digital 2 


Part 3 Semiconductors 


Digital 3 


Part 4 Power Supplies 


Digital 4 


Part 5 Amplifiers 


VCR Maim. & Repair 


Part 6 Oscillator 


Intro, to VCR Repair 


To Order Yours Today Call: 

1-800-678-6113 

Visa & Master Card Accepted 


Only kP • Z7 ^ each uotto ^dbcs 


Csji-ynghi c I9fl8 UCAffDO VCR EdacniiM] Prodt Co. 

DRGLE 276 ON FflEE IKFORUATION CARD 


P,0- Rk 92B 


EQUIPMENT REQUIRES 
FINISHED HARDWARE 
HARDWARE KfTS FOR 
COI4STHUCTDRS: 
ThM fivOAve kti ooneun mrfl* bIm of 
titarmc type fmjttnm: inntmrtUm q( 141 to 
p«cw ai mch 2-56. *-*0. vd $-33, w«h boeri 
pan h^jul RiUlpt vtS Ait hehM PttiEpi br 1 
prgfenJcN^I took. Tha hiRfwar* Ui ara 
avaiiabiD In ridta{ » block mctol fktlth. 
Ihe (afigtis svailabl« an l/r« tM', 3^. 

3^, am t% ««h Ha mmhmt, nOa and 
KEFS ruA tup^idd In m mAf- cDmpAttmert 
box. Tbefv It aJao a rrotnc vtfVQri 
l*th tSO 2mn\ 3fvtTK and *n*n 
ol 2ttitv 3fTVT\ 6nvT\ Ivnn, tOnvT\ 
1 jtrm. S&wf^ 2Sfnn\ a^ti tat wwafi^rt, fUbl 
ard t<EPS riii. 

GArl USAStaniard 2 5£, 4-40, and NIM 

PWad t40 95 

GA^3 USA Standard 2-^ 4-40. «nd B»ek 

HiM PWt»i 

ISO Standard 2mn\ 3fTvn and 4mm ^iicil9i 

R«ted W4a.9& 

GArA 150 Standard 2nm, 3rvr\ and 4mfn Back 

Ntekci RatKi I49.9S 

fiwArit other amrlmmif nvtiktbt* «n<^ tot 


• 


MINIATURE POWER 
TRANSFORMERS 

WrimMW prirte^ ci^Ciit fr atfttom c f i tsr amal 
pfQ|»at waiJrino itn than 1^ of « mit of paw. 

tMltKfiitfi Nrv« duit primwfM. H VAC. 
SOeO Hz, mng a«M art inMmL A wrm M 
pnri roq^Mig A 1(31* mdt» than ona aquara Inch of 
bo«4 *p«e« and «boul ona bvh taf. Perfect tot ono or 
fivvo O0-«iiifi dfoAt Of 4fn»l d^Bftal pro^acte. Parfact tor 
iha ai^ln-ana typar prdjteU^ 

p*^_ 0438 


— mo — 


fTTTT 


TTTT 


mS AM Kfi raCU CtNTEM TO GEirTlfi 


UOOEL 


14 


tOa4 


1^ 


904* 


& 


34 SlOiOaS«33t7^S«JO 


fmAi 


10 1DS0 


725 


MPT^ 


5 10.7b 


7JB 


7.42 


10 lOiiO 


BA2 


7.n 


7^ 


6.? 10. /b 


fl9b 


I.H9 


7.42 


& 10.7b 


8,9b 


7.00 


7.42 


Mpr-ois 


4 11.00 


did 


flo; 


VISA 


SISCOM INC. ^100 WARD DFSVi 
hlNDEF^ON, mtM7i& USA 

i>a^«M'S4S7(Oftpe^) 7C2'5es woo 

(Fwq 702 565-4629 PR£PAfD ORDERS 
SHPP€0 UPS <jBO\m NO CH*fiG£ 
2N0 DAY Mn mSQ HSCT DAY UR S2000 

WE MSG J^CFT Am IMSmFCm. <m FCACOtfLEm CA^ 


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AND CHASSIS BOXES 

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Parts 

'express 


Grill Guides 

Bail ana socket lype flrrll 

speaker grili id cabinet, 
To usti. Simply drili the 
appfopriate siz« hot&s in 

12 pair p^r padc^ge. 


il3 9 

$180 


Per P!tg 


Trtplett DMM 

"Rie Triple tt modeJ 2Ji!0? digital multimejef l3 a *ull 
fiinctiQn DMM wlEti bufltnn jran^istof and battery tasters. 
Large, easy ifl read LCD display. Rotary switch (or easy 
one hand funciioo soSectioii. The IMI Jeads convenientfy 
attacti to metef so they are a^ys in reach last leads. 
manuaJ. and caffyiftg case induded. 


• • # 


#RJ-390-140 


$4700 


Each 


PyfelS" Poly Woofer 

1 5" poly woofer 
with a §0 oz. f 
magnet and 2* \ 
voice coil. Mineraf 
Hiled poEy cone 
wt^ poty fctam 
sufTound. Poly 
cone prtivKJes 
proper tniernal 

darnpiog to hetp control corte motkMi at 
hig h powe r ojicu rsion Power handling : 
too watia RMS. 145 warts max. 
VAS- ^0 9 CO (t., QTS« 63. Js- 30 Hz. 
Frequency response 20 3.0{HJ Hz. 
SP L= 98 dfl t W/ 1 M lmpedaf>ce : 4 ohm. 
fstetweighl: 9-t/"2 tbs. iiOA 


PIcl<ering Headpliones 

, We made a special 
buyout directly 
trom tha 
manufacturer 
on these super 
quattly personal 
headp^r^s. 
1 " dynamb high 
velocity etemer^i 
wilh srfontium 

lerrite magnet. Adjuslahle headband 
with foam ear cushions. 5 ft. cord to 
3.5 mm and IM' adaptor mcJuded. 


#RJ-249-100 


^249 


Each 


10", Thruster Car Woofer 

Heavy duty car wqofer capahJe of handling 175 watt& 
max(^25RWS). 4 ohm impedance. PoJynnefiied 
paper cone wih rod pcjiy foam ^iround. ftosonant 
frequency: 2& Hz VAS- 5 89. QMS=. 46. QES- 27. 
OTS- .as Ffequartcy response: 30 2.000 Kz. 
Magnet ivei^t: IS oz« 2* voice ooH. SPL»92iiB 
tW/iM. Mmifvaioht: eibs. 


#RJ-293^090 


$29^^ 


Each 


Honeycomb Tweeter 

Uniquo iwaetei' z^-^'- 

with a square 

diaphragm o( • 

honeycomb 

male rial . 

Diaphragm is V 

square. Exceitent chspers^on 

vofcecort Fretjuency f&sponse: 2,000- 

20.000 Hz. InrtpsdariCe; 6 ohm. Po¥*er 

handling : 25 watts RMS, 40 watts 

maximum. 4- x 3-1/4*. Ltmaed 

availabilily. Netwetght: 1 lb. 


#RJ-279'110 


$8^° 


Each 


High Voitage Cap Kit 


This 85 pteoe kit oontams a se4ociion of 250. 
350, and 450 volt elec:ro!iyiic capatiiors-- 5 
pieces each ot 1 , 2.2, 3.3, 4.7. 6. a, to. 22uf 
and 2 pieces each of 33, and 47uf, 250V 
radial capfi. 5 pieces each of t,. 2.2, 3.3. 4.7. 
tOui and 2 pieces each of 22, 33uf, 350V 
tpd^at caps. 5 pieces each of 2.2, 47uf 
and 2 pieces of lOuf, 450V radial caps 
Over S62 00 vntio^esale cost if purchased 
inOividuaUy Ket weight: lib. 

#RJ*020-950 


Each 


3" X 5" Speaker 


Standard radio 


and TV speaker ^ 


16 ohm impedaj^. Wl 


3 watts maKtmum 


power handling. 


Limited availabsFrty. 


^ » Each 


#RJ-299-115 


Large Input Terminal 

Largo mpul cyp wi^Eh push 
spring terminals and 4 lug 
termcrial sinp on rear. Flush 
mounted housing measures: 
4" X 5- tj2' outside diameter. 
4-5/S'' t 3-1/16" mounting hole 
ipQui^ed. limited availability. 

#RJ-269-220 


PylelO" Poly Woofer 

Long throw fH>ly woofer wiih 
poly foam surrouind tor 
superti^ bw t>ass. MmeraJ 
tilled poly cone assures t 
IrequBncy sound thai is "^^-^ ■ ^ 

smooth, tight, and low in "^ggi^^^r 
dissomion. T voiC(j coH, ' ■ 

power handling: 85 watts 
RMS, 130 watts max fs- 43 Hz. Frequency 
response: £5-3.000 Hz. SPL- 95 dB lW/tM. 
tmpedance: 4ohm 40 01 magnet VAS* I B 
cu h.. QTS= .34, QMS- 10.92. OGS- 35 
Nel weight: S U3$. 

#RJ^292-030 


^'-'Each 


Deluxe In-Wall Speakers 

Perlect surround speaKers. Customize yoor 
media roam wih iheso supef qyaJity, irv waH 
speaker pairs. Ful! Sfze G-1/2* woofer, Neafvy 
duty V soft dome tweeter. BuiJtnn cTo^sover. 
Ftls any startdard 2 x 4 or larger wall. Rc!ro(ft 
design ailows easy installatjor) in new or existing 
wails. Response: 50-20,000 Hz. fl ohm impedance. 40 watts RMS, 50 
watts maximum includes provision for easy 70V/25V tran.jfo^mef' mounting. 
Qverail dimensions: %AiT x\2'. ls(et weight; 9 lbs. 

List . ^ 

#RJ^300-036 $299^ $99|i 


Fluorescent Work Light 


Handy light operates on 1 SOVAC or 12VDC- 
Pt;!8 bght wbef* you need it Eitia oright 
15 watt tube. ^5 foot oil resistant power 
co/d with wa^t adaptor and tfgarotte Sightef 
plug. Two hooks provided tor hangttig. 
Net weigtiT: I lbs, 

#RJ-360-490 


Each 


5-1/4", 2-Way Pioneer 

51/4' paper cone 
wootef with a r 
post mounted 
poiymer tweeter, 
4 ohm impedance. 
Response: 100- 
20,000 Hz. Power 
handling 35 watts 
fttlS, 50 watts maximum, 2-3^4" 
mounting cepsh. Umited avaitabiltty. 
Natwetght 2-1/2 ibs 

#RJ-2e9^65 


$12^° 


Each 


Mini Super Tweeter 

Super paper cone 
tweeter witti server mylaj 
dust cap. Impedance: 
8 oJ^m. Power handling 
capability; 2 watts 
RMS 9 V16" voice 
coiL M/2" diameter 
cone With mounting 
labs. Mounting hofes: 
1 -7/8^ on center. 
Limited avaifability. 

#RJ*279-120 


95^ 


Duraceir j" Battery 


Popular TV.'stereo 
remote oontrof 
battery. Stie'J". 

£i volt aE^aiina. 
Dufaceli J6(7Ke7. 

#RJ-140-090 


'Each 


15" Thruster 

Super duty, 1 5" car audio ^ 
bass driver. Low 25 Hzj " 
, resonant Irequency. 
Weather resistant 
pofymer lied paper cone"^ 
with red poly foam 
surround ar>d two cofor 
pnn ted dust cap. Power handimg capabjfity 
ts 250 watts (1 70 watts RMS) 2* high tamp 
voice coil with rear verited pole piece. 4 
ohm impedance, 50 oz. magnet. Frequency 
response: 23 2 ,000 Hz. VAS» 1ft.04, Qf^S^ 
3.96, QES- .21, QTS- .20. SPL- 97 85 dB 
IW/tM Met weight: n tbs 


#RJ-293-150 


$45^0 


Each 


The Loudspeaker Design 
Cookbook IV 

ThiiS book descnbtis the "science* of 
loudspeaker design, however applying \\ is 
an 'an". Usmg the informatfon in this btook 
wii] yjeid hunoreds ot possible vanattons m 
speaker design, wjih some subtle and not-so- 
subtle d^lfererbces. 1991 copyright, lourth 
editi'On. Author. Vance DicKason. 
1 54 pages paperback. 

#RJ-500^035 


$29^^ 


Right Angle 
1/4" Phone Plug 
(Mono) 


#RJ-099^020 


PARTS EXPRESS 
340 EAST FIRST ST. 
DAYTON, OHIO 45402 
LOCAL:513-222-0173 
FAX: 513^222-4644 


^*^Each 


Cabinet Carpet 

Thrs high qLifliily carpet conforms eastly lo 
sharp corners because it has no st^ft bjickina. 
You can afso siretch w to cover irregular 
shapes. This Is the covering of choice for 
car. stages, and amplifier cabinets. Carpel 
strong yet easy to cut wuh kmfe or so&sors 
Adhere wish spray adhesive or tatei contact 
cements. Provides protedion and Qood 
looks. Sold by the linear yarcf. 54" w^de. 

#RJ-2S0-765 {Dark Charcoal) 
#RJ-2 60-767 {MedJum Grey) 
#RJ'260-768 (Jet Black) 


Per Linear Yard 36" x 54" 


• 3C day money back guarantee - S20.00 rninimtjm ardef • We aa^pt Mastercard, Vtsa, Discover, and company 
C. O, D. orders. - 24 hour shipping * Shippfng charge UPS chart rate + Si .00 ($3.50 minimum charge) ' 
Hours 8:30 am - 7 :0D pm EST, Mor>day - Friday • 9:00 am - 5:00 pm Saturday. Mail order customers, pleas© 
caEI for shippinQ estimate on orders e^cceeding 5 Ebs. * Foreign destination customers please send $5.Q0 U.S. 
funds for catalog postage * 


CtRCLE 262 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


Power Cord 

Sup«f duty pow«r cord 
14 ga., Sconductof. 
4n.iiii{|it UmM 


$150 


12V0C, eoOmA Adaptor 


chanivf 1£0VACifv», 
9 6W (BOOmA) 
caput 6n cord with 
specif CDfinector 

Ltmiled availatoSrtyi 

#RJ-1 20-361 


input ^Ba 
5mA) 

wth ^ 


Isotip Butane 
Soldering Iron 

tof f«fd repairs wti«f« no | 
AC pOMor a presQfit 
Opmntoru^to 1Q0 
ol continuous 
psrrofdL Umi I 
lMltw»(not 
tncludKl) wairisto It 

opto 1067* F. Ifooi 

«srfy icnws on in ptes of teittotig 
^ Ai m iDfdt* ono r««y pfoirtdt up 
1 liour ol oontinuoui Hmm. Timpir^urt 
4sad|uaiai)At uplD 2372*F, A protective 

cap with a buiit tft stHier is lndud«cl. 
Limited one year warrajity 

#RJ-370-23S 


$24^5 


£acri 


VCR Parts Assortment 

Convefueni «uonm«fit 
ol clcps, WftfthOft. 

spring, and screws , ^ ^ ^ 
to pbces ouch Qi 4 ^ % ^ ^ 

SI1G5 of "£" clips, 10 ^ . 

pieces erf 2 bUos ot - ^ ' 
reLaiinir>g rings, 10 pioc&& \^ c 
washers, 2 each ol 8 si^^^ tuns c^a and 
compr^slqn ipnr^s and 24 as^rtoci 
screws Totil of 246 pieces 


Cable Tie Mounts 


Package of 10 


adnesjvfi catM ^ > 


tt© mounE5 for sectiting 


hijndies^ of wire. 


#nj-080-5t5 $1 


20 


#RJ-430-315 


Monitor Power Jack 


tYp6 rnonrtof jack. 
L.mrtad quarttily 


Each 


Speaker Sealing Caulk 

ceunpound quickly 
and ^ 

E^tfiAM vibration 
anti^tultft. Sou 
m i/4-x36rttipt. 
Sinpi are Mi-AdhAtrve so iher 
easif to^ii^ l^vna. Lirrv^ i^uar^aiy 


75^ 


Spray IHandle 


Fit$ moist paini ^Hj 


and deaner em. 


Limited av^iiiaWiif 


#RJ-340-371 


Replacement Antenna 


Hinged 7 section aneenjia 1 9" extended , 
5-1/4" eoiiapsed 3ji6~ itireaded tj^. 
ExceQer^t anterina tor poit^ radios. 
TVs, and nwe. 

*(RJ-21 0-200 


Pull-Out Radio Carry Case 

&MP«f quaiay nylon tiai 
rwoouQ consmcsoft vmif 

Sior^pe poctoi im4 

hold up td 5 CD caui. 
loside dtcnenscns: 
71/2- * 2-1.^ X av 

#RJ-2fi5-950 $1 0^ 


50* 


Quality 30 Watt Iron 

Economical 30 wnit iron wjth replaceable 
Eip, BEue plaElJC handle, 1 20VAC. A 
quality iron at a roo^nable ekico 
Display piK^aged 
#RJ^370-010 


F*59 Deluxe Connector 

Popusar connector f Of 
calsle TV systems fuH \\\ 
anached ferrde fnir hex jM 
cnmp Secyrety holds ^^^^ 


cnmp Secyrety 
RG 59 cabfe. 

#RJ-090-3S5 


■ ' {50'Up} 


Matching Transformer 


Soldering Stan 

soidecing Iran ttarti 
With deaning tpOfiQe. 
Dts^Lay ooHed 

#RJ-37O-020 $4|£ 


'P^EacJ^ I *— — 

ridl^^^^^^k Adapts 7Sc^f7ico< 
(SmtK^^^^ lead (or vice-veisa 
N^KJ^^ teierawn 5-90 W 
^^^^^^B^^^^ capaoior. PC 50 


Adapts 75 crifTi c&^x to 300 ohm twin 
lead (or vice-veisai at antenna or 
lelmaon 5-90 l.tHz UHF/VHF 
capaoior. PC&oardtypa 

^*'Each 


TNC MaieCrlmp-On 
$1^5 


(ForRGSS ^ 
and RQ-CS). W 

#RJ-090-1000 


Each 


8 PosUlon Dip Switch 


S*fScn type flE: 
rocker, liide, loggto) 
may vary. caJt, 

«RJ-060-134 


^fffnn 


Technician's Turntable 


Tyrmabte m ipeed repair of VCRs. TVi 
vidmore. Lets lecmoan ftasdy Curn 
untt for conve^iieni f epatr 20" di^anietif . 
White color Ke I weight 5»&s 

#RJ-360-425 $19|i 


Each 


Outdoor Phone Jack 

Heavy dJTy, 
dseca^l ahjminutn 
housirig * 
withstarids the 
harsti conditioni t> 
associated with jw 
oui<ioor use, ^ ■ 
ForiTi gasket 

under i^ap shut dd prevents water 
leakago CompEeto wilh n^ounttng 
screws L»mitod avfiHat^jlely. 


#RJ*15(W130 


Each 


12V, 2.3 AH 
Camcorder Battery 

Ptuputaf OAtterir ^ us« 
Mrtth Canon, CNnon, 
CMUitimG.E, 


Otympto, Pmconte; 

J.C, Plpmy^ Pinil4H, 
Phdso. OuKar, Stars, 
Syhraiua, Tekrkika and 

other mis^lianeous manufacturers 
Dimorikirts; 7 ir (Lh W (WJ le 2.42* (H). 
WeigM t t^^rb 

#RJ-140-541 


$41^5 


Each 


Velcro Type Fasteners 

2, 1 ' * r Hoo*i ajid loop 
tasterwrs (or atlaclTtrn^ 
almost artyttiing. Great for 
securing fa^i^ar detectors to 
your dash. Each piece has 
a self adhesive bach 
Thousands ot uses. 


#Ra-26S-dOO 


48t 


Universal Video Cable 


e n. RC S9 cabl« Mth i puih^in ^ 
connector lo a combination 75 and 
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houaanQ. No screws 
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Mini Headphone Extension a quaity, compact lavoc po*or supply 

Perfect for MkiQ car sttrtoa, C& equtpn^em, 
radar detectors and other 12VDC item^s, 
Ro^fofated 13 8VDC, 3 5 amp contsnuous, 
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Electronics 


f«ctt mount 
tflchnology 
fnikas thi« Inft 
•fnAll«»l FM 

can buy! Thisb 
not • toy, H otrl 

Mnll» on Iho mafltsi loddy. Our £-Z*Mt 
hfts aH lh« surtac« mount ptris pf»- 


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lech noJogy 
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any oth ar ph one a nd list en In usui g the 
buiH ki microphone and ampJifwr. 
XPSI 00(C) Kh S 4S jS 


Tht XPB1 l£ a telephono trancnitter 
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60A54 


CIRCLE 28t OH FREE INFORMATTOhi CARO 


RAINBOW KITS! LASER KITS 


RADAR SIGNAL 
OtniXTOR 

)f you mnk that a sen- 
sitive radar detector is a 
compUcated p\&ct ot 
equipmeni;, take a look at 
this new kit. This simpfe. 
yet elfecllve, detector 
CEfGutt can be butit in 
t{;ss )han an hour and 
can be |yned to respond 
to Signals between 
50MHz 10 &OOGHZ. It's a 
fun kit to buiid and piay 
with. A ci^garette lighter 
plug is inclyded- Size 
1"3(JA" Operates on 9 to 
15v DC. 

KlTRSD-1 $12.95 


STROBE iJGBT 

H you naed an attention 
getter, or warniing iighl, 
yoo need the sirobe light 
kit. Use It tof emergency 
ii^ht for autoSi, for model 
planes or radio lowers. 
Even use it on your bicy- 
cle. Operates on 6 or Mv 
DC and has a variable 
strobe rale. 

KfT ST-1 $8.95 


DIGITAL THERMOMEnJl 

Have you ever wanted to 
tell temperature changes 
fast d accurately? The 
DT-t kit will lurn your 
digital volt meter into an 
accurate digital thermo- 
meter with .1 degree res- 
olution. It gi-v^s you a 250 
degree wfndow with a 
range from to 300F 
degrees. It has a remote 
sensor .25" sq. that can 
be nxjunt^ many teet from 
the meief Jf need be. 

K1TDT4 $BM 


BlINKEV LIGHTS 

Want to attract atten- 
tion^ These kits are 
perfect tor decorating 
name tags, lighting up 
your hat, or flashing 
lights tor your model 
trair^s. Some people use 
them to simulate a burg- 
lar alarm tor autos. Put il 
in a box, set It on your 
dash and it looks like the 
real thing. Each kit con- 
tains two LEDs that aUer 
nates flashing. Operates 
on a 9v battery. Si;e 

KIT RB'2 $3.45 


CAPACITANCE MFIER 

This easy to build kit will 
turn your digital volt 
meter Fnio a CAPACITOR 
METER. Turn that junk 
box of unmarked capaci- 
tors into a fortune. Meas- 
ures capacitors from 
(2pF 10 2.2uF. Operates 
on a battery. Size 

KITCA-2 $12J5 


WIRELESS FM MlK£ 

Small but mighty .8'"xV' 
PCB. will reatiy stomp 
out a signal well over 400 
yds. This rs a buffered 
NVlreless mike lhal oper- 
ates on 80 to 120 MHi 
FM, Comes complete 
with a microphone, and 
9V battery connector. 
Operates on 6 to t2v DC 

KITWM-1 $12.95 


^JFEIt SNOOFCR-aiG EAR 

Use thts eiG EAR ampli 
fier to listen through 
waits, hear conversa- 
tions across the room. 
Gaef up the sensitivity 
with a parabolic reflector 
and hear blocks away. 
Due to the size, the BIG 
EAR can be hidden at>out 
anywhere. Use the ear- 
phones irom a pocket 
transistor radio to listen. 
Makes an ultra-sensitive 
intercom. Can also be 
usied as a general pur- 
pose amp. We sup- 
ply a minii-mScrophone In 
the kit. You can also use 
any 8 to 4 & ohm speaker, 
Operaies on 6 to 12v DC. 
Size i"xi.75^' 

KITAA-1 $10-95 


AC LINE MOr^nOR 

This fS something every 
computer user, photog- 
rapher, or anyone that 
must maintain a safe 
usable AC tine voltage 
should have handy. Mon- 
itor the vollage of your 
motor home's 110v AC 
generator inside ^he 
motor home. Every tech- 
nician's bench needs 
this item. The AC lir>e 
monitor will indicate, 
with multi-color LEDs, 
what vollage is being 
distributed to your 
equipment at that par- 
ticular outlet. 
KITLM-110 $10.95 


12V BATTEHV MONITOR 

Have you ever been in 
your car, tjoat, or camper 
— you try to start your 
motor but the battery Is 
dead? The BATTERY 
MONITOR kit uses the 
cigarette lighter plug 
outlet to monitor the true 
battery voltage. Multi- 
color LEDs Indicate the 
voltage in 1v steps from 
1 1v to 'kSv, green means 
great, yellow is good, 
and red — call the tow 
truck or get out the oars. 
Size 1.2"xi J5" 

KITLM-12 $5.95 


PHONE BUG 

Small but mighty, so 
small it fits anywhere. 
Telephone line powered, 
never needs batteries. 
Transmits both sides of 
phone conversation 
loud and dear, wireless, 
o any FM radio at great 
distances away. Variable 
tunes 7QMHZ tO 130MH7. 
It can also be used to 
make any phone a speak- 
er phone. Size .65"x1". 

KITTEL-B1 $10.95 


^^^^ 


PHONE RECORDING 
SWITCH 

This telephone line 
powered switch is small 
enough to Install any- 
where only .9"x.6". Every 
time someone picks up 
the phone the tape 
recorder will record both 
sides of the conversa- 
tion auiomatically. Use it 
in your office 10 record 
all phone conversations 
so you don't lose that im- 
portant address you 
wrote on the back of an 
envelope. 

KITTEL-SWI $10.95 


t 
t 


VOICE ACnVATED 
SWITCH 

This voK can be used to 
operate a tape recofder, 
ham radio, CB radio. Use 
It to turn on an alarm. 
The output can operate a 
loacl up to tOOma. It will 
operate a relayi lights^ 
motor, or LEDs, What 
could you do with a 
sound activiated swiitch? 
Size 1,5^x1.25" 

KIT VOX^I $5.95 


LfE DiTECrOR 

This kit can be great fun 
at parties. Ue and an 
audible tone will change, 
the more ydu He the 
more the tone changes. 
When you lie your palms 
& lorehead sweat. This 
kii allows you to meas- 
ure these Changes. Only 
a very slight amount of 
change will cause the 
tone to mcrease in fre- 
quency. Operates on 6 to 
I2v DC. Size 

KIT LD-1 $a J5 


Laser Switching Power Supply Kit. input I3V DC .75- J. 25 A. Output 2 lo 3 KV 
iit 3-4.5 MA, trigger volULgu of ijpprox, 8-10 KV. ComplcEc with 6.25" x 2.35" 
printed circuit board, schematic and all the pans. 

LPS-l .$59.95 

IMW Las^r Tube. NEW Mini Hc-Nc LI 25" dia. s 5.75*^ long, perfect for 
cxfKsrimenters and laser projects. Works great wiLh above power supply LPS-l . 

LlMW-1 S39,95 

Mirror and Motor Kit— Tft is unique kit allows you to project Lissajous patlernii 
on watEs and ceiling. Change the patiern by changing the speed of ilie motors. 
Comes complete wiiii 2 motors, front surface mifrors* motor brackets^ rheostat 
comrol to coniroi 1^1 motor^ and higli power resistors to use on 32 motor. 

MM-2 ...,$19*95 


' ★ SPECIAL ★ 

Laser Power Supply Kit LSP-1 
IMW Laser Tube LlMW-1 
Mirror and Motor Kit MM-2 

ALL 3 FOR $99,95 


9V 100 MA rechargeable 9V battery charger kit. This kit is a must 


Ni'Cad baiierses. This 9\' 
Ni-cad is truly a 9V noE the 
standard 7.2V you're accus- 
tomed to. Use over and over. 

NEW $4,00 ea. 

10/$29,95 


when you buy 9 V Ni-cads, charges 2 bEittcrii's 
at once. Usf on UOV AC or with a 12V DC 
cigarette lighter plug which is included. 
Comes complete with parts^ P.C board, 
housing and schematic. 


BUSV PHONE LIGHT 

Add this little Kit to any 
or all ol your ptiones. 
Whan any extensions a.re 
in EJS& the LED wili light. 
Uses a 9v battery. P C. 
Board V'x^". Complete 
with etched ^ drNted 
PCS. aU parts and sche- 
maticB. 

KITTEL-LIT-1$9JS 


CH-9V... SI 9,95 

THIS MANUAL 
CONTAINS ALL 
SCHEIvJATICSj PARTS 
P.C. BOARD LAYOUTS 
FOR ALL OF THE 
RAINBOW KITS. USE 
YOUR OWN PARTS TO 
CONSTRUCT ANY OF 
OUR KITS. 

KIT BOOK $14.95 

$5.00 OFF IF YOU 
BUY ANY KIT. 

TV NOTCH FILTERS 

OUR TV FILTERS ELIMfNATE UNWANTED TV 
CHANNELS OR ANY INTERFERENCE THAT 
ALTERS BOTH THE SOUND AND VIDEO. 


Channels available 2 thru 6 & 14 thru 22 
Specify a specific channel when ordering 


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CHOICE 

14 


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EACH 


Ptsase add suftJcFsnt postiig<» 
We Wilt tccept tsJa phone ordtri tar Visi £ Miittrca"! 


To Order Call 
317-291-7262 


lELECTROniC RflinBom il 

6254 LaPas Trail # Indianapolis, IN 46268 


CIRCLE 242 Ofi FREE IKFQRUATION CARD 


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P.O. BOX 690073 
HOUSTON, TEXAS 
ZIP 77269 

ASK FOR FREE INFO 

(713-893"0313 1 


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NX fOUtnCNT VARRAHTIEO FDR W^DAYS. 

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ORDER TOLL FREE 

1-800-669-4406 

FAX ORDERS : {818) 91 2-9598 


DVM-58C w/ 1 Meg DRAM $89.95 


Ttw OVM-SSC with &5 vatiatilo length nimage capoM^ 
IS hdvldua} mmMgm for imme<iata pteybodt to «nfianc« moti any 
Qiectrooic applicauoft !>r project Use It lo add reai volee pmnptktg c^r 
Instnictiorts at an afforclabte price. 


DIGITAL VOICE PRODUCTS 


DVR>120M The DVR*T20M h * complete digiul r^cord/pUv^udt unit that 
incorporain the OVM*SSC wiihin an AOS enelofun^ indtidinf aB the 
ncceiur^ compoiienu required fof imiT>ec£>4i« use, $149.95 

DVR'240 The OW240 h an enilrdv digi^* fingk dwnnd looping pbyer. 

which will cDntinuou$V cyde the entire meiMge withoul buffering 
from the effects of tjpe wear and audio degradalkHL $249.95 

D V M^5805 TheDVNVSeOS digital v oice module ts cjfubk* o^ recor 4/pUybjck oi 
up to $ meisaget from tti 32 second DRAM memofy* $49SS 

DVM-2604 A compact d^glt^ voice module designed for playback of up to 12 
secondi oi prerecorded mciiag.ei from a single fPROM iC, which 
mutt be progfamnied with our DVMP Programming Tool. $49.95 


DVMP 


TKl* DVMP progfrtmnilng lool b a non-PC hnn:t\ system designed to 
be utt?d with youf e*lsiing EPROM pfograrruner for the purpose of 
l/ansfcfring voice data onto EPRO,S4 ICs that are uted with the DVM- 


2B04. 


$49S.9S 


FLUKE DMM Series 10 


FLUKE 10 


FLUKE It 


FLUKE 12 


• AC Sf DC voltage measurefn^nti to 600V* 


OhrTi& to 40 Meg & diode lesL 
4000 count digital display. 
Auto & manijal rariging. 
Fast continuity beeper. 
Rellabtc by design. 

FLUKE 11 
FLUKE 12 


FLUKE 10 


$69-95 
579,95 
$89.95 


We stock a Full Lme of X-TO Accessories 

• Lamp Modules • Applianct Modules 

• Floodlight Control • Receptacle Module 

• Remote Sirens • Mini Tiiner 

• Wireteas Motion Detectors 

• Wall Switch Modules 

• Telephone Respond er 

• Wall Switch Module 

• Bu rgia r A larm I nle rf ace 


X-10 POWERHOUSE (SS5400) 


A wireless 4 pJece home security system 
that installs in minutes without tools or 
wiring. The professbnal features and re- 
liability of the S55400 can protect up to 1 6 
doors / windows and control up to 8 re- 
motely operated lights simply fey adding 
additional X-1 0 PowerHouse modules to 
the system. 


CYWTAX PROTOTYPIIVC PCS 

FOR 4LI PCWAROSi IC* TRANS, L. UHl 
RADIO C0MMUNICATI0IV8 

MOTOROU mm U II L III. 4 ^ the mwwkl 

BATTERIES 

f ifUKMMC AJLdiaf & NJ-Cd, Pimrfr uak Hilctt lt»d- 


SECURITY SYSTEM 
Vthkte atunv ttfeni^ & home ucuritr* 

TESTING EQUIPMENT 

iC T«ief, f^akc M citric 

DtGfTAL VOICE PROOUCTS 

DVJ^VIS^, DVf^VSSC, DVM S80S, A nm, 

RF TRANSMITTIR ft RECEIVER 


MAIL ORDERS: 


ELECTRONICS 123 
17921 Rowland Street 
City of Industry, CA 91748 


TECHNICAL SUPPORT 

(818)912-9864 


ALL PRICES SUBJECT TO 
CHANQE WITHOUT NOTICE 


F^BQHT CHARGES AODt 

UPS * Gfioufid 

WtJrf Dty (r00 
C.O.D, ADOj 
CAJJF. RESIDENTS ADO: 


S 5.00 
$ e.DO 

£ 4.00 


CANADIAN ORDERS: 

AU otdm% mutt b« PREPAID by 
check Of crecfii card (VIS A^ MCJ. 

AM J All »te of U$| 15.04) Cor 
fhlpplng jnd hJndlini by U.S. 
POST OFFICE urn. 


ORCLE 25* ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


60A57 


SUPER NEW FEATURES 
ADDED TO PCBU 


Lo g lo Uib''''^ Ex plo rer 

The Soft Logic Bench 

NEWI R«lMS« 3 

STILL ONLY 

$49.95 

LogicUb is the first aftordabl* logic simulator 
designed with studenta and hobbybts in mind 

o NEW! Simulates a 2^ X 25" wire wrap board 

o NEW! Online manyai & context-sensftve help 

o NEW! Online data sheets for all 10 s 

Q NEW! Pin-outs available while wife wrapping 

LogicLab gWm you the simulaiad equivaient of: 

o A parts cabinet stocked with dozens of types 

of common 74LB-ser1e8 and CMOS ICs 
p A 1&channel, t-nanosecond logk: analyzer 
0 NEWI Hand-held logic probe 
o Pushbutton switches and signal sources 
D LED and seven -segment indlcatois 

Send check or money order to: 

K.E. Ayers and Associates 

7S2S Urohwood St. D»bltn, OH 43017 

30 day money-back guarantee 
Requires an 1BM-PCP(T/AT (or compatible), 640K, 
DOS 3.2 (or highe^, EGA or VGA. and a mouse 


EASY TO USE CAD SOFTWARE 
THE BEST JUST GOT BETTER 


This re*hJf» win AUTOMATICLLV ADJUST 

the ifAck According taitie DESIGN rutes you set. 

C URVED TRACKS 

Suppons tfue CURVED Tracks. 

GERBER VIEWING 

Litft you verify ymjr GERBER output on scrs<tn 
before soAdlng Jt to the PC Soird houM* 


'THE BESTPCB CAD AVAILABLE " 


PCS II - STILL ONLY $149us!!r 


R4 SYSTEMS Inc. 
P.O.Box 451 
West Hill, Ontario 
Canada M1E4Y9 

(416) 399-0943 


Free Evaluation Padkage\ 
Write or Calf Today J 


Dovmfoad DEMO from eeS and SAVE $r Don your order 
BBS at 416 289-4554 (2400/8/N/1) 


anCiE 216 ON FREE IKFORMATIOM CARD 


CELLULAR TELEPHONE 
MODIFICATION HANDBOOK 


I 
I 


z 

8 

C 

e 
S 


How do you reprogram cellular phones? 

• How to have two phones with the same number 

• Descriptions of cellular phone's vulnerabilities 

• Techniques for decoding & changing cellular phones* NAMS 
and ESN's 

• Where to buy programming devices 

• Chip supplier's phone numbers 

• Instructions on how to change phone numbers on all models 

• Cellular phone manufacturer's ESN codes 


Complete Manual only $79.95 
M,0, or aO.D, to SPY Supply 
7 Colby Court Suite 215, Bedford, NH 03110 
(617) 327-7272 


Sold for educational purposes only 


60A56 


CAIG Electronic Chemicals 

for Manufacturing, Mmatenance & Service! 


ProGold 

Gold Conditioner & Preservative 

• Proticts Gold Suffaets It 

Base Metalil 

• Improves Conductivity! 

• Formi Protactivt & 

Anthtarnlsh Coatlngl 

• Reduces Wear & Abrasion! 

• Reduces Arcing & RFIl 

• Reduces rntermlltent 

Connection Failures] 

ProGold ia specifically formulatad to Emprova conductiviLy and p/otoct gold, base metals and 
other preciouB metal surfaces. 

A common probfem with gold plated wHa^s is that dio baso metals migrala to tha surface due 
to golefs soft and porous nature (dendnta corrosion). Once exposed, base metals cxidize, addtng 
unwanted resistarKa thai impedos electrkd performance. Since gold pl&lsd surfaces aj^ thlnt/ 
coated, th^ are suscaptable to scratching S abrasion, further exposing the base metals. 
ProGold, a one step Ireatnient, conditions gold connectors, contacts and other metal KJrfaces, 
enhancing the conductivity cha/aderislira to offkienlJ/ Iransmft eloctncal signafe. 
Non-ftbfisive/non -corrosive fbnnuta,non*flan5mabJe, noo^xic. ozone-safe. 


DeoxIT & PreservIT 

Deoxidiza-, Cleaner & Preservative 

• Improves Conductivity 

• Reduces Intermittent 

Connection Failures 

• Reduces Arcing & RFI 

• Reduces Wear & Abrasion 

• Extended Temperature Range, 

-34'C to 200'C 


Deoxrr, a one ste^ treatment, is a fiast^ctlng deoxidiitng solution that cEeans, pmsaFves, 
lubricates and improves conductivity on alf metal &urfaCB3, Temperature range -34=C lo20(yC. 
Non ilammable. non -toxic, non-conostve, non gumming, ozono-safe. 

Prtatrvrr, seals, lubdcales and preserves metal surfaca for p/otoction from oxidation and 
contamination. For use on dean surfaces or ones pre-cleaned with Di ox IT. Temperature 
range -34*0 to Non-flammable, non-toxic, non-corro&ive, non-gumming, ozone-safa. 

These new advanced formulas contain improved deoxidize rs, preservatives, conductivity 
enhancer?, anti-tamiahing oojnpounds, arcing & RFI Inhlbiloa and provide extended lempera* 
turn range. DeoxlTs new fbfwiulalion also prevents dissolved oxidw/ccr^taminajis from re- 
allflcNng lo metal surfeces. providing lofigef lasting protcdbrL 


OptiCALL^eaiveiydeens.pQjjshes 
g>dehaifdteitta fc ' Oioc a U y0iopicai 

owndBd a a gmal pupoos vtstdic 
doarer on plaati^ glasa and melai ftf * 

teoss 

StaticALLeRedive^rej&aizessaic 
buiidH^ caifiod by frctim arx^ bw hunid- 

□uStAU. quM^ and safety tmoi^ 
dusi and portkies from senstive eiec- 
tronc equtpmerl ccfnputers. ^ eqJp^ 
ment, optical grade surface and othef 
mechamsma and GQuipmerl 

FreezALL quk:)(lv and safely coots 
ciicySsto '54'C. locales irttermittentconi^ 
ponerts due to he^ fiajicre ard hairline 
cradtG on PCBs, 

MechanicAUL - hi^ Pengtr^ 

Anti-Cof/osive Arai-TarntsJing Gaaner & 
Lid^ricanL Uiricaioe & Prntects^D^placea 
Moistue, Slope Squeaks^ M a Coets 
ErtmSuriaoa 

ElectricALl - R^uvsn^ Sdu- 

tionFarAIBectncalApptic^ions. Qean^ 
Ptmsr^, tmproves & PidacbQmc- 
tjons, l^emo^ Cortosion a Oxidaixyx 
Reduces AtjrasicrL Aronj & RFI. 
DegreasALJ- -Fcrdegrassir^dean- 
tf^ wpd dAfiung OQcipmert and pafti 
ReenoM di graasa. drt and cor^i- 
fianis fKikjdrQ iQfiin flux from PCSstk CORH 
ponertb and iDOtal porta. Biodagradafeia 

CAE0N27 -Forsenstiveeqtiptnert 
^ccabons. For ^ wai d oil, grBssaand 
(trt fiom Eurfacaa. iFreort^TF ). 
CAEON28 -Degnsseranddeanrig 
IjQuid ramovea organic contaminants in- 
cluding rosin ha from PCBs, componenlE 
and motal parts [FreorfTMC). 

X-1 OS Instrum e nt Oil - cortam 

silcona Firmest quafty instriment dl Ipr 
"^Bs on rubbor, ptastJcs and metaSs. Norv 
gumming, net inhibiting, long tasting bbri- 
caiion. 

X-10 Instrument Oil - LubricaiaE 

precision ifetrumertts. fkiepatsand mecha- 
riwis. Use on al metats (gaiges, gaara 
cbcfcs. rrstnin^rtSs etc } htorvgLinming. 
ru:^ rLhbiino. ^ lubrcXian. 


'Static mid dift bMup on our CRT m^eens have ^mys be^rtMn annoying protfem. Wa fvm 
'esladrmnypmducUmd SniiOpitMJL to tast csnsdeMylon^and work jusias weS on our 

A. Univmity of llarytsndt Colege Parli. Dept of f^sks & Astmrvociry 

'For many ywafs m have been using Caig's fiquki and spray peuAifis h Ihe lab fyt smica and 
'epak ofcmtedofs, switches and poienthrmtm. I a£$o ma thmt pasts pr^ucis ort my boat 
'0 prevent corrosm from sail water andak .„ fine products for a variety of appika^ons*. 

T, S, Universrty of Caiifon^ Lawrence Uvermor^ Koticnal Laboraiory 

'Coffosion pfobhms on very sensitive connectors have been an annoying prottmi for us. We 
have tmd manypro<kJcts wUhotM success untB we tried Caig's OeoxIT. DeoxiTis the onfypnsdud 
that has wofked perfectly. We highfy recommend k\ RV., Xerm Corporation 


CIRCLE aaa on free infoiimatiok card 


Caig Products ... ua«d by thosi mho dtmojid tha bttll 


Ampax 

Capitol Beeon^s 
Diebdd, Inc. 
Oofey Uboratori«i 
General 8ac^ 


Grumman Aerospa^ 
Hewlett Packard 
Honeywefl 

m 

JohnRulctM^. 
Mdn^oahLabft 


MotocDb 
flCA 

Switchcraft 
Texas tnstrumer^ 
Xenix Ocvp, 
. . and Many Mere 


I LABOBATOB2E5, INC. 


16744 W. Bemanio Drive, 
San Diego, CA 92127-1904 

Phcna:(619)451-17t9» 
FAX: (619) 451^2793 


I 


m 

a 
a 

35 


60A59 


We Sell QUALITY PARTS * We Have DISCOUNT PRICES • We Ship FAST 


Switching Power Supplies I 12.6 Vet 2 Amp X former 


50WATT 

ComputerPfocfucts #XUG-8301 
Input: 115/230 Vac 
Output -12Vdc@0.2A 
12Vdc@20A 
5.1 Vdc@3.5A 
SwTtctring power supp(y, Regulated. 
6.30- X 3 93- XI . r high. 
CAT#PS-51 SI 5.00 each 

74 WATT 
Open frame switching power supply. 
Inpui: 120/240 Vac. 
OutpiJt:S Vdc@4,0Amp. 
12Vdc@4,5Amp, 
aeS-X 3.28- X 2.25V 
Must be tested under load. 
CAT#PS-74 $20.00 each 

76 WATT 

Computer PfCKfucts t XLSO-S601 
InpiJt: 115/230 Vac 
Output; -12 Vac@ 1.0 A 
12Vdc@ 1 OA 
5 Vdc @ 6.0 A 
Regulated switdiing power supply. 
7.7S*X4.25-X Ur high 
CAT#PS-76 SmOOeadi 

10 WATT 
Enclosed 

Switching 
Power Supply 
Input: 117 Vac 
Output: 

45 Vdc @ 6 amps 
-5 Vdc @ 1 amp 

+12 Vdc @ 3 amps 

- 1 2 Vdc @ 3 amps 
Regulated switching power supf^. Over- 
(oad and shoft-drcuTt protection. Voltage 
ac^ustmem trimmer. Fused. Requires stan- 
dard I EC type power cord 14" color coded 
wires temiinated by motox-type connectors. 
Black=ground, Red^+5, Green='5, 
While=+12. Blue^^l 2. 9.62" X 3.5" X 2.22* 
vented aluminum chassis. 

CAT#PS'50 $22.00 each 


Same as Mousor 
#41FG020. 
12.6 Vet, 2 Amp 
power transformer. 
2-X2.35-X2.10" 

2.90" mounting centers. Pigtail leads, 
OAT#TX'122A $4.00 each 
10 for $37,50 


Switches 


Heavy Duty Reed Switch 

No specs available, but this glass encapsulat- 
ed reed switdi is larger than most we^ve 
seen. Stngte pole, normally open. Glass 
body is Z" Jong. Leads and contacts are 0.1" 
wide metal. CAT#RSW<^ 75c each 


Mini PC Pushbutton 


Alpst 15 Very tiny SPST, 
normally open, pc mount 
pushbutton switch. 0.235* 
square X 0.35' high. No pushbutton cap avail- 
able, (deal for circuits requiring ine pensive 
switches were kmks are not tmportant. 
CATiPB-39 5 for S I . 00 


INFRARED Remote 
A.C. SWITCH 


This Infrared remote control device lets you 
turn on/oft lamps, applianoes or other 120 Vac 
devices using an )R transmitter simitar to the 
one on your TV or VCR Originally designed 
for use with a hydromassage u nil, these trans- 
mitters and receivers will apparently operate 
most A.C. devices wrth 2 prong non^polarized 
plugs. Not recommended for use with heat* 
ers. Requires a 9 volt battery {not included). 
CAT* RC-1 $9.95 • 2 for $17.00 


DOLLAR BILL SWITCH 


We sold out of these 
popular dollar bill 
switches last year, 
but now they're back I 
Insert bitl into chute. 
Magnetic head and 
inlrared sensors 
analyze bill for 
authentidty and 

position, if anything is wrong k kicks the 
bill back. \t good. passes through the 
chute and a 5 volt current is switched. Will 
pass any s^ze U S. bifl It cannot dtfeien- 
tiate tefween $1 . $5. $10 etc. Operates 
on 12 vdc. Solid metal housing 5.32" x 
4.r X 5.2r high Chrome dollar <^uie 
extends 1 .34" in front. Removed from new 
equipment. Guaranteed. 

CAT# DS-2 $25,00 each 


Electroluminescent 
BACKLIGHTS 


At last! A low cost electroluminescent glow 
strip and inverter. Those brand-new units 
wero designed to backlight small iCD TVs 
made by the Citizen Watch company. The 
inverter circuit changes 3 or 6 Vdc to ap- 
proximate^ 100 Vac, the voltage required 
to light the glowsthp. Luminescent surface 
area is I.T" X 2.25*. The strip is a salmon 
color in Its off state, and glows white when 
energized. The circuit board is 2,2* X 1'. 
Gk}w stnp and circuitry can be removed 
easily from plastic housir>g. Ideal fof spe- 
dat lightirvg eHects and baddighiirig. 

Citizefif 92TA operates on 3-6 Vdc 
CAT# BLU-92 

$3*50 63Ch QUANTITY 
AVAILABLE 

10forS32.00 • I00for$275.00 


z 

n 

S 


TOLL FREE ORDER LINES 1-800-826-5432 

FAX (818) 781-2653 • INFORMATION (818) 904-0524 

Minimum Order $10M0 • AH Orders Can Be Charged To Visa, Mastsrcard Or Discovered • Ouantities Limited * 
Calffornia, Add Sales Tax • Shipping ArKt Handfmg $330 for ih& 4$ Continental United States - Alt Others including 
Alaska, Hawaii, PM And Canada Must Pay FuU Shipping • No C.O.D. * Prices Subject to change without nothe. 


€QA60 


We Sell QUALITY PARTS • We Have DISCOUNT PRICES • We Ship FAST 


PC Board w/Rf Modulator 
(and lots of other parts) 


HIGHEST QUALITY METAL CASSETTES (Erased) 


J 

W0 recently received a load of these 
PC boards which contain, among other 
Ihiftgs, a RF modulalor. With a tittle 
desoldering yau should be able to 
liborato a working unit from the board. 
Also contains a 780ST voltage regulator 
with a couple of heats inks. 20 ICs, ca- 
pacitors, resistors, diodos and connec- 
tors. No hook-up jnbmiation available 
on the moduiator. 
CAT# VMB-1 $2 7S each 


RELAYS' 


A GREAT DE4L on 10 Amp 
Solid State Relays 

10 amp soltd state relays, 
removed from equipment 
and leslod. Control voitage: 
3-32 Vdc, Load; 10 antps up to 250 Vac, 
Standard "hockey -puck* size: 2.27' X 
Mr X 0.95". UL and CSA listed 
CAT# SSRLY*11 U $8,25 eac^ 
10 for $80.00 

5 Vdc Latching Relay 

Omron # G6EK'134P-ST-US 5VDC 
Tiny. DIP compatibte, 
dual-coil latching. SPDT 
relay. 5 Vdc, 1 23 ohm coils. 
Contacts rated 2 amps @ 30 Vdc. 0.62* 
X 0.3e* X 0.3" high. Sealed Wack case. 
TTL compatible. UL and CSA listed. 
CAT#LRLY-3 $1J5each 


Premium quality noetal tape in C-60 cassettes (30 or more per skie). 
One of the fmest •brartd-name* fapes on the rnar^^el in durable, dear 
plastic transport mechanisms. Recorded and bulk erased, the 
record'pretect tabs have been removed and therefore, need to be 
taped over to re-record. Audiophiles will appreciaJe the wide dynamic range of this tape 
If your cassette deck has a " metal" setting you will hear the difference. A real bargain! 

CAT#a6ooM $1.25 each 

10 for $10.00 
CASSETTE STORAGE CASE 

Black, unbreakable plastk aucGo 
cassette storage case. 

CAT#CBOX 5 for $1.00 ■ 100 tor SI 5.00 


CABLE TIES 


TR-400 
TR-400e 
TR^O 
TR^OB 
TR-SOO 
TR*800B 
TR-tlOO 
TR-1100B 
TR-T500 

Heavy-duty 
TR-1S00HD 15" 


4" 

&' 

6" 
8* 
8" 

ir 
Il- 
ls* 


Mn.Tmll 

ISfbs 
IS lbs 
30 Ib^ 
30Jbs 
50 lbs 
50 lbs 
50 lbs 
50 lbs 
50 lbs 
IS^cabte 
120 lbs 


neutral 
black 
neucrat 
black 
neutral 
black 
neutral 
black 
neutral 
tie 
neutral 


15/16" 
15/16' 

1 t/r 
1 vr 

1 3/4- 
1 3/4- 

3" 

3* 

4" 

4 1/4- 


30 

.35 
.50 
,50 
.60 
.70 
.70 
.80 
SI .00 


$2 50 
S3 DO 
$4 00 
S4.00 
S5.00 
S6.00 
$6.00 
$7,00 
$8.00 


$15.00 
$17.50 
$30.00 
$30.00 
$40 00 
$50,00 
$50 00 
$60,00 
$70.00 


51,50 $1200 $10000 


D.C. Wall Transformers (all are 120Vac) 


VoltM 

4 Vdc 
6 Vdc 
6 Vdc 
7.5 Vdc 
8,3 Vdc 
9 Vdc 
9 Vdc 

9 Vdc 

10 Vdc 
12 Vdc 
12 Vdc 
12 Vdc 
12 Vdc 

14 Vdc 

15 Vdc 


Amps 

70 ma. 
200 ma. 
300 ma. 
400 ma, 
10 ma. 
200 ma. 
300 ma. 
300 ma, 
500 ma. 
100 ma. 
500 ma 
800 ma 
1 Amp 
700 ma. 
400 ma. 


Piug Styf^ 
2.5mm co-wt 
1 .3 mm co-ws. 
2.1 mm oo-ajc 
1 .3 mm oo-ax 
battery snap 
2.1mm co-ax 
2.1 mm co-an 
2.5mm co-ax 
2.5mm eo-ax 
2. 1mm co-ax 
2,1mm co-ax 
2,1mm co-ax 
none 

1 .3mm co-ax 
2.5mm ^ax 


Center 

negative 
negative 
positive 
negative 

positive 
positive 
negative 
positive 
negative 
negative 
positive 

negative 
negative 


DCTX-470 

DCT)C-621 

DCTX^Z 

CX:TX-7S4 

DCTX-8310 

DCTX-920 

DCTX-932 

DCTX-931 

DCTX-1050 

EXiTX-IZlO 

DCTX-125 

DCTX-1231 

DCTX^121 

DCTX-1470 

DCTX-1S40 


Price 
$2.00 
$2.25 
$2J5 
$3 25 
$1.50 
$2.75 
$3.00 
$3.00 
$3.50 
$2.50 
$4.50 
$5.25 
$6.50 
$5.25 
S4.50 


Style 

C 

c 
c 
c 
c 
c 
c 
c 
c 
c 
c 
c 

A 

c 

A 


11" X 4" Glow Strip 


Powerful Magnet 


1 r X 4* electroluminescent 
gtow strip. Great for control 
pane^ badUighiir^ orspeda! 
effects ligtiting Operates on 
120 Vac, Salmon cotof. 
9* loog wire leads 
CAT#GS-110Q 
$5.25 each 


CALL OR WRITE FOR OUR 

FREE 60 PAGE CATALOG 

WITH OVER 4000 PARTS! 
OUTSIDE THE U.S.A. PLEASE SEND 
$2,D0 POSTAGE FOR A CATALOG 


Pcwer^l neodymium 
rafe-earth magnet 
Origimlly tor use In 
permanent magnet 
dc, motors, in'egular sbape. Approximate 
cimension: 1 1/4" x 3/4* x l/T thick 
WARNING - Don^ put your hand 
between magnet and metal obje<^s. 
CAT* MAG'2 $7.50 each 


Styte A 


Style 


TOLL FREE 
PHONE ORDERS 
1-800-826-5432 


MAIL ORDERS TO: 
ALL ELECTRONICS CORP. 

RO. Box 567 
Van Nuys, CA 91408-0567 


3 


CIRCLE m ON FHE£ INFORMATION CARO 


60A61 


0 HITACHI 


HDDEL I 
V-212 

REGUUR 
J52S.00 

SALE 
$399-95 

KOKM SMI 

¥*fi60 ftO »tU. Qui Dumtt, D«r«y«^ Smq. 

CAT tetifinit tW.m IW.H 

m Ui€tyu% Cursort. Counter U4S,00 128§.9S 
V*106a 100 mi. Dual Chinn«U D«1iy^ Sveep, 

CRT Ftvtdaut liU.QO 
V-10«» IDa Wt, Duil ChinneK Ocliyed Si>«<p, 

CRT ft«itfout, Curt^ri^ Count* r 1695.00 IfrtS.K 

DIGITAL STOUGE aSCIUjQSCOPtS 

VC-6023 Z C«i, 20 ?0 HS/t, 2 KW/ch. 

ftS-212 WHP6L support 1895.00 CALL 

VC'60?< 2 Ch. SO HHz» ?0 MS/J. 2 KW/chi 

RS-^J2 H/HPGl support 2195,00 FOR 

VC-60m 2 Ch« HKz. SO SO HH; Pep«t- 

Itlvc lanpllngt Z I0f/C>ii frequency PRICE 
count*r, RS-232 v/m^l Support H^S.OO 

VC-604SA 2 Ch, 100 mz, *0 , lOO Wl tflulv- QUOTtS 
iltrtt finplfng* < rv frtttuency 
counttr. f&-nt hiyKPa lupport jm.OO 

n-sm 4 ch. too itiz. 100 m/i n cui* 4 

■•n, totinter, RS-2J2 WHPfiL tupport 439^.00 

ve-fim 2 ch, 100 )t{z. 100 m/i n cti). 4 

tiJtinter, J5-232 WHPSL Support J995.00 


INT 


8931 Brookvflle Rd, Silver Spring ID 20910 
800-638-2020 * 301-587-7824 * FAX 8ftO-545-0058 


MAXTEC INTERNATIONtAi. CORPl 


In-Circuit And Out-Of-Circuit IC Tester 

HODEL REGULAR SALE 

560 Special $3500.00 $2595.00 

* Includes AK-560 User Program- 
mable software, ($495 value), 
and model #2520 Digital Stor- 
age Scope, ($1493 value), at 
NO CHARGE!!! 

560 $3500.00 $1995.00 

* Includes AK-560 at no charge! 

2520 $1493.00 $ 695.00 


8931 BrooVvflle Rd, Silver Spring m 20910 
800-638-2020 * 301-587-7824 * FAX 800-545-0058 


I 

V} 


m 


QACL£ »4 OK FFtEE IHFORMAT10M CAFtO 


CAD (Circuit Analyzer & Designer) VERY AFFORDABLE BREADBOARDS 


These CADs have eveiythfng you need to design, test and analyze 
circoits. They've been adopted by major colleges across the U.S. 


i i3 f 


TD1 07 $159^^ TA1 02 , $1 49 


,95 


• regulated +5VDC & ±12VDC 

• IHz/TKHz/IOOKHzdod^ 
*togicprct>e 

• 0.5Hz/500Hz pulse generator 

• 8 data switclies 1 8 logic L£Ds 
> 2 complefnentary k)gic switches 
- 3 breadboards (1380 tie-points) 

eicparxlable to 2020 tie-points 


Buiftins inciude: 

* ragutated, vanable ±15VDC 
•t5VACaJKi30VAC supplies 

* sine, square & trianguiar wave 
generator (2O0Hz-2OOKH2) 

* 1 K n and 1 0OK a potentiometers 
•speaker 

* 3 breadboards (1360 tieixiintsl 
expandable to 2020 tie-poiffls 


Modei Ckjfitact Bimfg Acces. Your 


J^p._ Points^ Posts Parcel 


Cost 


SBIOO 100 


0 


no 


$ 1=» 


8BS40 640 


0 


no 


$ 4« 


8B740 740 


0 


no 


$ 4^ 


BB840 640 


0 


no 


$ 5*^ 


8P505 1.620 


4 


yes 


BP610 2,230 


4 


yes 


$2499 


364 0 


BB840 


DIGITAL CLAMP "AMP-VOLT" METER 


Fax. call or circle response card for FREE catalog. Minimum order S25; 
mintmum S&H S5 ($S/unit for CAD): CA customers add sales tax: POs 
OK tor qualified a ccounts: send order with check or money order to: 
^^^^T^ JPC International. Inc, 
WfTJ ^ P-0. Box 55, Agoura Hills. CA 91 376 

^ Tel: 818/707-1514 • Fax: 818/707-7327 


Unkjye damp-on voltage test fead 
design makes measunng voltage 
just as easy as measurif?g current 

MC500......$74*=* 

• measures up to 300 Amps AC. 
750 VAC and 2K ohms 

• Tuggtdized construction 
' contEHuily beeper 

• data hold 

■ hard leather carrying case 

• overload protection 

• low battery indicator 


n 


damp-on 
voltage test 
lenJ 


60A62 


CIRCLE 2S7 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 


ALFA ELECTRONICS 


QllAUTY TEST EQUIPMENT 
AFFORDABLE PRICE 


DMM 2360 

$129,95 

DMM + IjCR Meter 

Mast VeisatiU DMM 

InducQncs: IpiHOH 

Capacrtiix»: 

Fi^tncy: iHz - 4mi 

Tofrpsfatura: 40 - 

Logic TesT: 20MHI 

Diode, CoramyJty 

VoK, k^, Ohm 

3939 count c&spEiy 

Aula powof o(f 


3 ^1 

5: J 


DMM 175A $67.95 

DMM unth 20 MHz 
Frrquenc^ Counter 
Most papular DMM 

KV JmV^IOOOV 
ACV ,lfflV-7S0V 
ACM>CA .ImA-lOA 

Cip IpF^^ 

m logk SO lyi^z 

Tmnsiow HFE teti 

Dodo m 

LED 

3 dgk dmmy 
10 MQ hp^nctt 


Fluke Multimeter 

fyim 70 N S&2 

Fkjhfl 73 1 567 

Fluke 7S 1 $m 

Fkjka 77 a $t45 

Ruke 79 |] $165 

Ftuki 63 

Rukfi 85 $255 

Rukfi 87 Tme RMS $285 

Fluka 86 Automotive $359 

Ruka 8B $419 


LCR Meter 814 
$199.95 

The Best Hawlheld 
LCR 

Resisanct1rna-?QMa 

1% basic iocumq 

DiSSlpitton CKtor Wca' ' * ^- ^^ 

ti capidtor and 0 fac 

ZefO adjusmiflfl lO lea^^ para;, 

tics trofn lost rbmira 

Very good t&f high fftquaficy RF 

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Entire USA 1-800 854-0547 


CtnCLE 224 ON FREE UtFOftllAtlON CAI^D 


HANDS- ON PC REPAIR TRAINING 

NAC offers the highest quality advanced training available for PC 
technicians. The component-level course and its documentation focas 
on the IBM personal computer lines, from PC to PS/2, peripheral devices, 
and compatibles. 

• Diagnose more quickly and accurately, complete repairs faster, 
and reduce costs. 

• Discover better dragnoslics, parts sources, new trouble-shooting 
tools and test units. 

• Toll-free technical help line and parts-locator line, free update 
service for one year 

• Used by GTE, ITT. Xerox. TRW. McDonnell Douglas, government 
agencies, regional Bell companies, and many other firms of all 
sizes. 

Experienced technicians, supervisors and trainers often comment that 
they learned more in the first few hours of our course than in all of their 
other PC repair trainings put together. Many say that the documentation 
alone is worth the cost 01 training. 

Our five-day Advanced PC Maintenance Course is offered in major cities 
around the country. Dedicated on-site trainings are also available. Call 
without obligation to get a course outline and dates for the classes 
, nearest you. 

National ^ teoo) 832 478? 

cSpSffi 2730- J South Harbor, Santa Ana, CA 92704 • (714) 754-7110 


^'Wtthant question, this has been the best dm 
I've lalcen in 30 years at General Telephene,*' 
Qmnis Rmyen. BTE 

"Having experienced some ol the diflicuMies 
that good fechnicians have. I would recommend 
this It) all technicians. M I owned 3 business. It 
would be required training for all lechniclans/' 
JBCk McMisteL Rockwell 


■ril 


CIRCLE 303 OH FREE INFOftUATION CAHO 


60A74 


DANBAR SALES COMPANY 

870 V/ CiENEGA AVL'NUE, SUITE I 
SAND! MAS, CA 91773 

a i w u'v m'm w m r tt'V in'W'M.'Ii ti'it n' w a n » n 

(714) 592-2940 FAX (714) 592-9518 


TEKTRONtX P6015 NEW 

llgn Voltage Probe, measures ud to 
^ kV peak pulse, lOOOX, up to 20 
;V Dc * peak Ac, 75 MHz useful 
3W, compensation range 12 pF to 
47 pF. 

$275.00 


TEKTRONIX On 50 1 


)tgf tal (iul timet er, measures volts, 
zurrent, reslstance.and tempera- 
cure. 0. !^ Oc voltage accuracy^ 
4 \n digtt LED display, Autopolarlty, 
fully isolated serial bed output 

$250,00 


WANDEL & GOLTERtlANN 
TSA-f & SBA'! 
Transffifssion System Analyzer with 
Single Sideband Analyzer FreQuency 
range 100 Hz to 180 MHz, 5 modes 
of measurement; Spectrum analysis. 
Network analysts. Selective level, 
demodulation, Phase jitter. Specs 
available. New cost { aOK 


tlAY SPECIAL $2950.00 


HEWLETT-PACKARD BO ISA 

Serial Data Generator, 2048 bit, 
dual channel memory, variable word 
and pattern length, TTL, ECL, CMOS 
compatible, programmable, prbs and 
mixed data 

$950.00 


* MAY SPECIAL * 
HEWLETT-PACKARD J 5863 

Selective Level Meter makes carrier 
measurements to 323 MHz, voice 
channel measurements from 50 Hz 
to 100 kHz, works with the 33368 
level generator Options availably 

$2650.00 


HEWLETT-PACKARD 204C 

Sine Wave Oscillator, frequency 
range covers 5 Hz to 1.2 MHz In 6 
overlapping ranges, solid state 
untt 

$175.00 


TEKTRONIX A6902A tSOLATOR 


Two Independently Isolated charv^els, 
high voltage/ high CMRR, VOc cert- 
ified to 1500 V/channel 


$J50. 00 


MARCONI 2380/2582/ I 

Spectrum Analyzer, 100 Hz to 400 
MHz in T Hz steps. This Spectrum 
Analyzer combines exceptional 
amplitude accuracy and high 
resolution 75 ohm 


$5000.00 


TEKTRONIX 485 

350 tv,z Portable Oscilloscope, dual 
trace, 1 nS/dlv sweep rate, 2.0 dlv 
nS writing speed, swttchable Input 
impedance. 


$1100.00 


HEWLETT-PACKARD J582A 

,02 Hz to 25.5 kHz, transfer func- 
tion magnitude and phase measure- 
ments, coherence function measure 
ment, accuracy is within Z% of 
display center frequency, includes 
0.02 Hz resolutiOT, CRT readout. 


TEKTRONIX 466 


1 00 MHz portable storage oscillo- 
scope, 3000 div/uS stored writing 
speed. 


$t 175.00 


TEKTRONIX 7904 

500MHz Oscilloscope mainframe 
with the following plug-ins. 7A24 
dual trace amplifier, 7A26 dual 
trace amplifier, 7B65 delaying time 
oase, 7B80 delaying time base 
Includes a manual for each plug-in 

$2000.00 


I hp 


II 


1 


$5900.00 


TEKTRONIX POWER MODULES 

TM 503 $200.00 
Three-wide power module accepts 
all TM 500 plug- ins 

TM 506 $300.00 
Six-compartment unit provides 
power to operate any of the TN 500 
TtDdular plug- Ins 


c 


WANTED; ELECTRONIC 
TEST EQUI PMENTl 

CALL OR FAX US YOUR LIST. 


1 


PLEASE CALL OR WRITE FOR 
OUR UPCOMING CATALOG, 


3 


WE ACCEPT VISA 
AND MASTERCARD 


OHCLE 235 ON FREE lAiFORWAIION CABD 


ELECTRai\IIC SHOPPER CLASSIFIED 


MISCELLANEOUS 
ELECTRONICS FOR SALE 

TV NOTCH FILTERS. BROCHURE $1,00. 
MICRO THinc.. BOX 63/6025. MARGATE. FL 
33063 {305} 752-9202. 

REMOVE TAMPER resistant security screws, de- 
luxe 30'pc. sol S29.95 plus S4.50 S&H. Send 
SASE for more information, Synset Elactronlcif 
12145 Atta Carmel Cl., Suite 250-139, San Dteoo, 
OA 9212a 


pH METERSi Pocket type replaces litmus paper, 
auiomatic caNbralion. Monitor swimming pool 
drinking water $49.95 each. Free catalog ana- 
lytical, flow meters, FDC-RE, Box 221055. 
Memphis, IN 38122-1055, (901) 323-0278 Fax 
(901)323'04S3. 


CABLE TEST CHIPS. S-A 8550. S-A 8500 — 
310. 311. 320, 321 (specify) — $33-95, S-A 
8580/338 — $69.95. Tocom 5503/07 VIP — 
S33.9S. Starcom 6 — $33.95. Starcom 7 — 
$49,95. TEtECODE. PO Box 8426-SH, Yuma. 
AZB5366-642a 

THERMOPLASTIC MOLDING! Muitlpurpos© 
mold forming macfiine for project cases, protolyp- 
ing, crafts and many other uses. Send Si. 00 for 
sampie and mom information. The Formworfts, 
PQ Box 72t> Gtendora. CA 91740. 

SOLAR PA MEL. used 2 amp $165.00 plus $5.00. 
Daltas Solar Power. Box 611 927RE, San Jose. CA 
95161. 


TRANSIENT SURGE and ground fault protection 
now in one complalo uni!. $98.95 S/H $5.00. NY 
residents add appr. sales tax. Safety Unltmiied. 
1743 Baldwin Road. Yorklown Hts,, NY 10598. 

SHORT WAVE antenna, space saver 30 feel 14 
gauge copper, ready to use $14.95. Code practice 
set, less batteries and key $12.95. Cemp. 4951 
Treemont Gircfe, Cleveland. TW 37312. 


PLANS-KITS-SCHEMATICS 


OESCRAMBLER KITS. Compieie cable kit 
$44,95. Compiete satelllle kit $49. 95. Add $5.00 
shipping. Free brochure. No New York salts. 
Summit RS. Box 489, Bronx, NY 10465. 

GUILD OR buy assembled, four diQit SWR & 
powe f m e te r, wt th a1 a r set po i n ! s . ians avait- 
able. Free Information, Rupp Electronics, 5403 
Westbreeze, Fort Wayne. IN 46804. (219) 
432-3049. 


BUtLO YOUR own ne^ghtKirhood radio station 
with our high quaJity FM stereo transmitter kit, with 
case $42.95. Afso svailabte, two meter 144 MH2 
power amplifier kit 10X power gain $34.95. Add 
$375 SSH. Send SASE for complete catalog. 
Sunset Electronics, 121 45 Alta Garmel Ct,. Suite 
250-139. San Diego. CA 92128. 

TEST AIDS fOf testing units in FULL SERVIVE 

mode. Starcom VM, S40.00; Sta/com VI. $30.00; 
Starcom DPBB, $50.00; Pioneer. $75.00: Tocom 
VIP S 503 550 7, S25 GO; S. A. call; Zenith. $25.00; 
N.E ENGINEERING (617) 770-3830. 

ETCH PCB'S yourself, new technique, no chemi* 
cals. easy, cheap, full instructions. Share fare, 
$1.00, SASE, Nicknap Prods., Suite 297, CN 
1907. Walt, NJ Q7719. 

BUILD — FIVE-digil^ ohms, capacitance, fre- 
ency, pulse, mulltmeter. Board and instnjctions 
,95. Bagnall Electronics, 179 May, FairfieEd, CT 
06430. 


ONE CHIP DOES JT ALL, Illustrated guide to 
understanding and designing circuits utilizing the 
Motorola 66HC11, $5,00, fRI^DEA, Box 6600, 
Macon. G A 31208. 

SIMPLE SECURITY, learn the basics of alamr 
design. Tested plans can be adapted for unlimited 
uses. Includes input conditioning, timer basics, 
and more. $5.00 TRIDEA, Box 6600, Macon. GA 
31208, 


VIDEOCIPHERI l/sate II ite/sca n ne r/cab le/a m a- 
tetjr/celluEar/repair manuals, modification books, 
software. Cata fog — $3.00. TELECOOE, PO Box 
6426-SH, Yynwi. AZ 85366-5426, 


KEflWOOD & ICOM service bultetins. 175 + 
pages covering ail models. $39.95. Calatog — 
S3.00. CODs (602) 782^2316 / FAX (602) 
343-2141, TELECODE, Box 6426-SH. Yuma, AZ 
65366-6426. 


DESCRAMBLER KJTS. Complete cable kit 
$44.95. Compiele satellite kit $49.95. Add $5.00 
shipping. Free brochure. No New York sales. 
Summit RS, Box 489. Bronx, NY 10465. 

DIGITAL COMPASS — A unique handheld de- 
Vice that detects all eight compass headings. Re- 
suits displayed by the lighting of the appropri^e 
LED. Kit contains compass sensor;. PCB (2X3,5 
in); LEDs; resttors & detailed instructions. $26,50 
Suncoast Technologies. PO Box 5835 RE. Spring 
Hill, FL 34606. 

BUtLD A TV and radio jammer! Ultra simple 
(parts under $10.00), yet effective. Graal joke for 
tnal friend with a new TV or neighbor with the loud 
stereo! Plans only S4.00. W.CN,, 3283 
Belvedere. Riverside, CA 92507. 


UNE NOISE ellminaton Simple plans for mod- 
ems. Kills static, Suild for $10.00 Of Radio Shack 

Rirts. Plans only $5.00. K&A Enterprise. Box 111. 
ampden-Sydney VA 23943. 

BUILD FUN electronic games with LEDs and sim- 
ple digital ICs. Book has plans for ever 20 games. 
Send $9.95 fS2.00 S&H Omegatronics. PO Box 
911. Blcomingdale^ 1160108. 

SECURITY SYSTEM schematics for eight zona 
enuy exit detay controlier with lire and panic loops 
S15.00. Plans to modily inexper^ive.readiiy avail- 
able device into passive infrared alarm system 
compatible detector S5.0C. Both $17.50. V-Tro- 
nlcs, Box 620, Rte 3. Kerhonkson, NY 12446. 

BUILD OR buy assembled, complete lie detector. 
Only $28.75 from Javier £. Baez HEedronics. PO 
Box 3151, San Lui s, AZ 8 5349. Wri te u s. rig ht now. 

UFO BUSTER! Movel vehicte-based circuit 
probes mysterious energy fields thai may interfere 
with engines, lights. Sofid theory, compact, easy- 
building PEans & data. $l9.95^stpaid. Exciting 
electronics! Stack, Box 365. Rooseveltown. NY 
13683. 

PRACTICAL FUEL SAVINGS for carbutBtad ve- 
hicles. Phenomenal results possible, easily and 
inexpenskvety Free vacation offer to first 500 cus- 
tomers. 1 (800J 747-9053. 

LED POSTER Art. Add an eye catching lighted 
effect to any poster. Great conversatkin piece or 
Hell tor profit* Comptete illustrated instructions 
with Radio Shack parls list. S6.95* S. SesUto, Box 
37BRE, Elmsford, NY 10523. 

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS MADE. Single 
quantity, low quantity. Low prices. Single sided 
tioards only. Send SASE lor ccmpiete informa- 
tion. J. Morrow, 500 Ken Merit Rcad^ Ames. lA 
50010. 


STAINLESS STEEL screws, nuts, washers. As- 
sorted kits. Free catalog. Rusty Bolt, Box 708S. 
North Attlebom, MA 02761. 


WIRELESS GUITAR transmission system. Build 
your own for $39,951 ULTRA QUIET FM DESIGN, 
Features built-in switchable distortion effect ^ Kit 
includes PCB and AIL electronic components. 
Order TOLL FREE 24 hours: RadloActiv© 
TRANSMISSIONS, 1 ^800) 263-9221 ExL 2567. 

FASCINATING ELECTRONIC DEVICES! KITS 
— STUN DAZER $44.95! SUPER FM OR AM 
TRANSMITTER S29.95! PHONE BUG $19.95! 
BUG DETECTOR $39.95! RF OR ACOUSTIC 
BUG JAMMER $34,951 SUPER SPY MICRO* 
PHONE $34.95! VOICE DISGUISER $39 95! 
TESLA PH ASOR GUN $79.93! SUPER BAT- 
TERYLESS RADIO, POWER SUPPLY $29 951 
UNIVERSAL fC TESTER $49.95! LASER 
RADAR DETECTOR $39 95! CATALOG S4.001 
PLEASE ADD 10% SHIPPING. ORDERS OVER 
$100.00 SHIPPED FREE! QUANTUM RE- 
SEARCH. 17919-77 AVE.. EDMONTON. AB T5T 
2S1. 

NI*CAD ZAPPER can reiuvenate those unre- 
chargeable Nl-CAD batteries. Instructbns. sche- 
matic and parls list to construct the NUCAD 
Zapper: S5.00. TENTRONIX, Dept, RS992. 3605 
Broken Arrow, Coour d Alene. ID 83314. 


CELLULAR hackers bible Theory — hacks - 
modifications — $53.95, TELECODE, PO Bo 
6426-SH. Yuma, AZ 65366-6426. 


FM STEREO BROADCASTER kit. This kit out 
performs the competition. Trensmitter wilt broad 
cast any audio signal from a CD player, VCR, o 
cassette player to FM stereo radios Ihroughou 
your home and ^'a.'-d. Ail the complex circuitry is ir 
the unique BA1404 integraied circuit. Tunabfi 
across the FM band, runs on 1.5 to 12 volts DC 
Complete kit of PC board and components fo 
S24.00. TENTRONIX, Dept. RS992, 3605 Broker 
Arrow. Coeur d'Aiene. ID 83614. 


COMPUTER HARDWARE 


IBM PC and laptops video digitizer, connects tc 
cameracordar. 640 by 480 resolution. 256 grffj 
leveis $89. 98. Demo disk $3.00. informatior 
SI .00. Colofburst, Sox 3091. Nashua. NH 03061 
Phone (603) 89M586. 

336/486 CPU heat Sinks, patented, best perfor 
mance anywhere, u-instalL Send $18.00/1 
$30.00/2. C. NQGAL. Box 2l23-fe. Buffak). N^ 
14240. 

PC PARTS Mbs, disk drives, hard drh^s etc 
Overstocks, reconditioned. Mulliwatt Systems 
Box 1147, Burlington. MA Qt6D3. (617J 229-9796. 

UNIVERSAL MICROPROCESSOR SIM 
UUTOR/DEBUGGER V2.0 each set $90.00. Fo 
use With PC and compatibles. Simulates the Z80 
8085. 8051, 6800, 6601, 6805, 6809, 6811. 630: 
and 6502 and 65C02. Features assembler, dis 
assembler, source-level debugger. Accepts bin 
ary and Intel hex Jomiats. Displays registers am 
f fags after execution. Response from terminal car 
be saved to a file, includes batch file capabilit] 
and buit'in demonstration. AdditionaF sets m 
S50.00 each. The ROMY*e EPROM EMULATOF 
works with simulator. Emulates EPROM: 
2716-27256, Code-patching with line assemble) 
Monitors address bus. Loads 32K of code in 2f 
seconds (PC/AT12 MH;}. 90 day warranty Savei 
you nxsney only S! 55,00 (complete with one set o 
CPU simulator), J&M Software Hardware De 
sign. Inc. 63 Seaman Road, West Orange. Ns 
07052. Tel: (201) 325-1892, FAX: (201) 736-4567 

INEXPENSIVE SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER! 

— An 8051 based SBC f assembled} W!th RS-23; 
circuitry; socketed EPROM; larpe breadboart 
area; 128 byte memory and 14 T'O ports. Frei 
programming software with each order. $38 .OC 
(plus S2.75 Shi Suncoast TechnoEogies, PO Boj 
5B35RE, Spring H>il. FL 34606, 

COMPUTER CONTROLLED security 9y»ten 
for home or business. Use$ IBM PC or C6^ 
computer. Includes infrared, various aensofi 
and software. State of the Art security at t 
reasonable coat. Send for free brochure 
Welck Products, 8132 Rrestone #119, Downev 
CA 90241. 

LEARht MICRO-CONTROLLER programmini 
using new 80C32 CPU, program in ^ic-S2 o 
assembly language, the &0G32 CPU card has i 
50 pin output header which witi interface with you 
solderless tJreadboard, enabling you lo desion ifn 
circuits that you want tad da, keypads, LCD, pp 
output circuits, etc). Send self addressed busi 
ness size envelop and $1.00 tor schematic, arw 
full details to J. Macswan, 8132 Firestone Blvd. 
Suite 67, Downey, CA 90241. 


CABLE TV 


TV NOTCH FILTERS, BROCHURE $1,00 MlCRC 
THinc. BOX 63/6025. MARGATE, Ft 
33063.(305) 752-9202. 

TEST AIDS for testing units in FULL SERVtVI 

mode. Starcom Vfl, $40 00: Starcom VI. S3 0. 00 
Starcom DPBB, $50,00; Pioneer, $75.00; Tocon 
ViP 5503,5507. $25.00; S A. call; Zenith, $25.00 
N.E ENGINEERING (617) 770-3830. 


TOCOM CABLE CONVERTERS Model 5504A 
B, Ctean condition, but sold as is with no remote 
Discounted to ONLY $24.95 each, CALL 1 (BOO 
TED-HEXS. 


§9 


HSC Electronics.,. 
. HOT SUMMER DEA LS/( 


Back by popular demand! 

n dottsnt tate IS bno to out of iht$t popiiar 
upnowl Th«» Yuasa HP7-t2 !n»char9»«faiw tead-abd 
CCd««. 2.5' K 4' Ji witfi SdeteiteS* qu»Ck <onrtoct tabs. 

HSCM13i23 $14,95 ea. 


Overstock Specials! 


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(Pocket-Sized Ku-Band LNB. 


...Not thAT you'd racAlv* many aitslEltv sLgnaJa In your 
pocktt out tNi ttehTKMwvti it that tnnill U»a*uffts 
only 4.$* oswit langtfv wtti 1 .5*^ aquai* raotn Hsiat ftgur* 
of (.ass, 0»ln 0* fMdy to ank^h to .75' i .375- 
raetangular war^uk}* fcf Ku-Qind dovmltntd. W* donl 
know opw-a'^ng voftjg* jrst, bLl t^ti jfifc^ x.'tould! b* 
av^AFlAUa Ii^ni;1*cr^«3 by NwMt. Mod*Jt BSCAB3H02 

arand N9V/f HSC ^KU-LNB 


$49.95 


Electronic Kits,. Fun & Educational! 


Static Charge Alarm 


I 


Thou undi tnlo b« Mti al iMfH ttaoons wtw* lUOc cftarQcs 
ttancam CMOS cfw* B»mftrfyj. 7>»y pfO^^ 
QTta (^m* iai*da&f* Mil saoc cfai^ n prH«KJnthiiri 
ar*a, ailowtng you to Eiiia pr*v«fitrv« AC9tf^. Ortfy 4' M and 

CTwn 9V0C lOOtrA adaptor, or w4 fui ofl lM«rnal W Mvy 

HSC#12846 S4.95 


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fviviit p4ott, ooftm iDwwi, iffMiDMi; tnd: ddp^iuf* miu cof^ol ird nwry Mhv PJkA wwu. 
in««4u«icK t34.i» CaattKnaOMi HIM 

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moL CO P&i* Of mtdng pvn^ a tfw PM-iO'i *w^liM4 vip^, Onda eiwlv^Mnqr, tnd y«>u 
I'i T^I w«t 1 v*»si( hfiifit. camp v n»V^6e4TyK4 FU lUitu ^ifMng ti*r rtviMid 

Jt^'tSTt; ruerucxnt. FCC nmm ctfvruatm Tun« itpiO* WL uem R?^ 

ini*'niJ TV B£:crY, RCA ^^rt 4nj (VKJa, tdju ira bi* tS*fM b«l«nea ^nxt I9kvd 
M^-maoa leuizsi* i.:f>ck!n*r PC fta^-a po.v' f atcn tIS-S5 Cm 4 1 1 

wwK«*r^a«pvCCM&r«7^wtvMftatf4iA. ii*i lii <» M|wrta*flr^ m yi 

qgnwri ftat so* mom Ban a jp^ot cytaax ^hbrtw. j ^aM t y jaadwi^ or CO P^yn'i ***tir 


Marty, ^^^y <JffJsr kits 3vait3&!ff! Send SASE (of camplete tist! j 


Peres troika Failout,,,$oviet Science Collector's Item! 

tiatflH rtfnMUt ^wdi v»lu#...nin*im tlormtrty SqvW) micreKPfWBJ Jhm m»mj*J EMfn btmingi (TUr«i»p*t, m wwHid prtc*ti*y can m#m «aaifiii3r*a« ifwwtitti, antnughtwy 
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.HSC #13065 569.95 


Teeny Tiny Tuner Modules 


Th* (AMI torn tf Ut « A UTSI^ CnrVt-ACSST «] OwvHi I 
» ^ t - # >9«M^ li 
db«H CATV ^itfta^MMi fia 2Sb»trbM7.25li 

TT aJDO^T^^ LMa MuiM T< > 

HSC 013120 SU.95 

r ■ 1 TTr S^PCwtv^p*skastm*vwitsttjpmifuwfrt uad* 
by To*A lM«lt< aTMClOaj^ tor fiA crv PC FM SiL^cvw idjpeon 
jq nght U**i I < ItVOC, iWi iBil to iQtj MHi rmm 7S oftm 
irttnv bpit, hw 10.7 MHi If thJ^ Vco aulput <or «rtr«l 
ruTurtf m IrtnQi ir*-n dry W» po^d> 1 ac^wftjac af i t u gg MW d 
i^pieidDo •^aMrt1g pirvui ^ ?n incictwt« wnn 'BMmd citu<. 

HSC S4.9S ea. or 10/S39.9S 


Broadcast FM Antennas 

A. WIrwgiftfd S 1 U T^^'typ* F M'VKF Afll^ftna. Snul mail -iTii^ urv A/wni 


eaim w Kiy rVUDfl IB t 
^ Irl^ MopaiA uui. U w« sf iMM wflfli Bta tor FM 


htbatn torTl^ATin ptka 1 A4a«le 

HSC 013087 SiSSca. or 10/S15.00 


C FH "nubb«r Ouchf' JUiunnj ..It* lang irOi pi^ol on 
mvengtiQi. TS~o^rn «« cafil« (ft toolj iMBi "P comKtsr- Cdiiid 
b« n p4K# IT Jitovs 


$4.95 


FM Computer Network Gear... 

M W^.MnA I pan » «IW ircu ^Itf M^fMWi Bhd n Sloon Vcli»yi 1 
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A. -wfrOwariai^ft HuBLJ i H i bwi i— hl iteitor 

biMfyt |flmtol»«lMi»^ ^ ^CT «^ ba«l 
aMalMd b« wB FM hw ( W a taw iixy HiMiftj by Hftunn), 
pi ga *i H i baid ^ ae^ar a BOC^I grtag CTtSQi 1 Cvn*i 
wOi d|;iato irMnru ^ s ^ ard oaxieti. «n« 

ta bAfiaAst An FU tUKwritf >g&«CiN(!G^ 'r*fHon.* tu*mmrq 
tnd rK#»^ rrMtUQftt, and eaUi a^Tptrtwra in eTh csmcry! 
A hactia/'t bdnJinta (d«p«fKllfig cn ravnianj NVaFVuri, 
MAX211. NQCIdO. S^ne^«fl»d FM turw. Rt^ Pma. ale r 

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Q. "PlN-MtkT n*cl«v»rSA-2874, alH nudatiy Indai^ Thti 
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la mttutt E-mai, unasswidfd.iAt FU S^irrtv wc^ jun i?u 
beiL an amama (lncijd«d} arii 1 prtf««ri & t«Q^k3Ci«totfi*d 
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Thm pieco set Mac accessary catilas consi£E$ of an« RJH eo D89S ca&fe. 
an9 RJ 1 1 1o Mini* DIN 8M cabto. and one 039 M 1o DSaS F adaplof . BoUi cables 
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rfE^umrndHip^ IS og handling to* apptaa. Prapaai ait^ Thm flnr-\ rm-j iH iir^n^wj i i i 

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I 


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a 

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60A77 


E 
to 


mmSm 


Connect Muscle Wires'" to n battery or oJher power 
source and watch them wntwd in len^h up fo Im 
percent! Remove power, ond they relax and are 
ready for millians more cydes. 

Cretrte difeci [inear action wilhout heavy ge^irs, 
cotb, or moJ05, Use Musde Wires in robots, models, 
pbnes, roil roods - anywhere you need small, strong 
a!l-etettric ml'mn. j — T 

^08, A 


What Af0/Avsd& Wires? 

^hisck Wires are higUy processed strands of 
a nickeUitanium piloy called nitin&L At room 
teirTpeiHyru ihq* are easily strciched by up to 
5% of their length. iSTien conduaing an eledric 
currenr they heat and return to their original 
^mstTetche<i'" shape with a force thousands of 
times their awn weight. 

How itfong are Mmh Wkeif 

The forct:: u win: pulL^ with varies wiiti sis^e, 
from 35 to 330 grams- For eiore 5tren|5th, tisc 
several wires in paralleK 

How fast can Musde Y/ires acfmle? 

They coiitraa as hsi as they arc heated - as 
quickly as 1/1 W of a second. To rcLis, ihc 
wire must cool ag.iin. Rales of many tycles per 
second are pus^sible m\h active cxKjIing. 


FlexTnoi fAusde Wire Spedfkat'ms 


WiteOiQmetBf 50 jim 100 jim ISOjjm 

^Bsame 510 n/m ISO Q/m 50 Q/m 

Confroct force 35 gioms 150 pms 330grcms 

Typkc^Cumt 50 mA 180 mA 400 mA 


How muA power da Musde Wim mtf? 

Poller varies with wire diameter, length, and 
sunt)unding conditions. At room tcmperatua* 
typical currents range from 50 to 400 mA. 
Power levels can be higher, but onee the ^ire 
has fully shortened, power should be reducied 
to present o^ erheatmg. 

Mfat are the advmtages oitAusde Wires? 

Musde \Jilres \u\c tmny adiant^gcs oser 
motors or solenoids including .smalt size^ light 
welglil, low power, vcty Jiigh 5treng^h4c>-^v^^gh! 
ratio, precise control, AC or DC aoivation, Iraig 
Me and direct linear action, 

All these topics plus 14 great projects are 
covered in detail in our book. Order Today! 

Get our new 96 poge Bcok and Musde Wire 
Somple Kit. Il htis 20 cm of 50 |.tm, and 40 cm each 
of 100 and 1 50 ^mdiameler Mude Wires [1 meter 
total), plus crimps & instmctions - everything yoti 
need lofelmawngtodoyl 


I Asit for our Fit EE Must b Wires la chntc^ Brochure 


Oii&fs £ fim^jrei ' JQli mi 24 Horn 

800-374-5764 

VISA MasJwCard 


Mondo-fronics 


2d76 Verna Court - Fl 
San Ijeandro, CA 94577 
Qumtfoni; 510-351-5930 
Fox; 510-331-6955 


^ Inlertiolional Orders WElcomt! First Class P&K: S9.0 


DESCRAMBLING, NEW secret manual Buitd 
your own descram biers for cable and subscrip- 
tion TV. JnstructFons, schematics for SSAV!, gatod 
sync, Sinewave. (HBO. Cinemax, Showtime, 
LIHF, Adult) $12.95, $2 00 postago. 
CABLETRONICS, Box 30502R, BelhDSda, %AD 
20824 

"BULIEF' BUSTER, Protecl your cable box 
against the irffanious cable "bullet." The "BulEef 
Buster acts as an electronic shiefd. Installs in-line 
in seconds. Don't wait until its loo fatef $19.95 plus 
S3.0OS&H. ELECTROMAN, PO Box 24474, U&H 
Ofl&ans. LA 7Qia4. 

CABLE ENCODERS SA Dfopfield like new 
S1 1 0Q.QQ , JerroEd D S E S 1 OOO . 00 , Jer ro Ed SSE 4CX] 
converters, SA B510 $50.00. raw DRZ DlC 
$65.00. Call Stan (414) S54-B616 Fone/Fax 3-8 
GST Buying inventory. 

CBTV CONVERTERS^ Jerrold 400 450 DlC: 
S59.00. JSX JRX M35B $t9.00, SB-3 Sa5,00. 
Oak RKDM, RTC-56 S69 00, Hamlin CR-60003M 
$59.00, Starcom 6 Si 50.00. Olher brands in 
stock. Minimum 10 Jots, For dealers only (405) 
6BS-2048, 

IT'S HERE at last — tbe new Zenith super chip! 
This one works or you get your money back. It's 
the all new Z2 chip. Easy to install, even idiots can 
work with this one! Call lor prices on one, or a 
quantity — youH be surprised how ineitpensive 
the ZZ cao be. (305) 425-4376. 

TDCOM 5503 "Turn on ' module. Watch all chan- 
nels. CompEete simple instructions. schemalEc. 
$25.00 ea. Two for $39.00. Mike, Bo3< 743. 
Oidsmar FL 34677, 


MISCELLANEOUS 
ELECTRONICS WANTED 

SURPLUS PHOTOFACTS WANTED. Many n urn* 
bers, atJ quantities. Loeb, 414 Chestnut Lane, 
East Meadow. NY 11554. (516) 4flM330. 


SATELLITE EQUIPMENT 

VIDEOCIPHER lit descrambling manual, Sche^ 
matics, video, and audio. Explains DE5. Eprom, 
C Eon e Master. 3Musketeef, Pay-per-view (HBO, 
Cinemax, Showtime, Adull. etc) $16.95, $2.00 
postage. Schematics for Videocypher Plus, 
S20.00. Schematics tor Videocypher 032, SiS.OO. 
Collection of software to copy and alter Eprom 
OXfes. $25,00. CABLETRONICS. Box 30502R. 
Bethosda, MP 20824. 


REPAIRS-SERVICES 

CREATIVE ELECTRONIC technician looking for 
R&D work that can be done at home. Arvalog or 
digital circuits, 0,CousLns, 13 Tioga St., Newton 
Fails, OH 44444. 

LEARN TO fopair copiers E Order: Copier Doc- 
tor, an introductory text on copier repair. Plus: 
access to toner, deveEopor, parts. Si 2. 95 plus 
$2.50 S&K Coastal Technical Products, 317 
Leeds Gate Rd. , Savannah, GA 31406. 


TEST EQUIPMENT 

INTRODUCING: PROBE ANALYZER, 100 mil- 
lion sample per second, 64 K deep, single node 
logic analyjEer. in convenient hand held pnstje. 
Uses PCs printer fJorl. multiple wavefonns dis- 
played on screen for fas! troubleshooting. Cur- 
sors, zoom, disk store, frequency measurement, 
trigger, mofe, S20O.QO, ROCKY TEST 333 
Slate Street. Suite 214. Lake Oswego, OR 97(J34. 
Phone inromiation (503) 636-3840. 

TOPMARK'S DEVICES: Frequency syn- 
thesizers, 0.5-3GHZ. octave bands, 10-200KHZ 
steps, 4MS lockup time, SSOO.OO + ► Source tock* 
ing versions, $400.00 + . VCOs. amplifiers* 
S10O.00 . Topmark (312) 262-3162. 

DISTORTION ANALYZER in Radio- Electronics 

12-91 art icie measures 0.005% THD. 90db notch 
at 1kHz. BuiEt-in calibrator Uses your DVM for 
measuriament. Only nine ICs. Silkscreened front 
panel and finished prinied circuit board: $28.00. 
fNSTRUMEX, Box 490. Blue Bell, PA 19422. 


VCO'S a Synthesizers: 1-2GHZ and 2-3GH 
VCOs and synthesizers, lOdbm output, excel I er 
phase noise. VCO's $250.00. synthesizer 
S550.00. Higher frequency versions available l 
20000MHZ, Orders only Topmark (312) 262-31 6J 


BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES 

EASY WORKl Excellent pay! Assemble produd 
aihome. Call toll free 1 (500) 467-5566 ext. 11068 

EARN GREAT SSS WITH YOUR COMPUTEF 

Work at home! PROVEN SUCCESS! Send $1.0 
for details to: Owen. 5900 Yorkwood Rd.. Balto 
MD 2123t. 

A GREAT idea is a terrible Ihing to waste 1 Receiv 
income for your tdeas with minimum oultay. Lear 
about Sharefare. SI. 00, SASE, Nicknap, Suit 
287, CN 1907, Wali, NJ 07719. 


EDUCATION 


GET YOUR "FCC Commercial General Rad 
otelephone License." Electronics home stud 
FasL inexpensive I Free details. Command Pre 
ductions, D-225, Box 2824, San Francisco, C, 
941£6'2824. 

TELEPHONE HOME study course. Profession 
certilication. Association of Cerllfied Telephon 
Technicians, Route 3. Box 98, Eltinaton, M< 
63£3e. 

SHARf^EN YOUR electronic skills with the Basi 
Electronic Simulations and ProbFems computi 
program for the PC-MSDQS. Perfect to help yo 
prepare for your GET test. Satisfaction guarar 
teed. 329.95 plus $3.00 S&H, EES*RE8E01, PO 
1391. Lubbock. TX 79408. 


PUBLICATIONS 


HIGH VACUUM [echnrque, physical electronic; 
and related topics for the serious amateur exper 
menter. Subsaibe to the Betl Jar. a new quarterl 
jouma!. SASE for furtner information or $15.00 pc 
year (US addn^sses) payable to Steve Hansen. 3 
Windsor Drive, Amherst. NH 03031. 


COMPONENTS 


BATTERIES GALORE for all electronic proj 
eels and household needs. Free catalog. PO Bo 
9932, Maplowood, MN 55109. Or phone 1 (600 
657-5929. 

ELECTRONIC SURPLUS catalog. Send SASE b 
Electrical and Metal Recovery^ 4578 Cote Rd. 
Syracuse, NY 13215. 

STAINLESS STEEL screws, nuts, washers. As 
sorted kits. Free catalog. Rusty Bdt, Box 70SS 
North Attleboro, MA 02761, 

SOLOERLESS BREADBOARDS 840 tie point 
with versatile magnet-c mounting system $6.5^ 
add $2.00 S&H. Magnetic mounted digital mod 
ules in wired and kit form from $4.00. Send Si .01 
for fist. Omegatronics. PO Box 911, Bloom ingdaJe 
fL 60108. 


COMPUTER SOFTWARE 

COMMODORE 64 Ham programs, 8 disk sides 
over 200 amateur programs S16.95, 29 cen 
stamp gets unusual software catalog of uEilttias 
games, and British disks. Home-Spun SoftwaFie 
Box 1064-B. Estero, FL 33928. 

VIRUSFREE SHAREWARE; 29 MEGABYTES 
$29.00, add $29.00/29MB increment Up to 58C 
MEGABYTES. Include $3.00 shipping pe 
100MB: 1 (800) 876-8496. Visa-MC. SHARE 
NET, POB 12368, OkEahoma City, OK 73157, 

SO'MEGABYTES programming SRC utililies C 
ASM.' PAS. Basic $50,00, S3.00 shipping: 24hi 
orderyinfo/fax: 1 (800) 676-8496. Visa-MC 
SHARE-NET POS 12368. Oklahoma Gty, OH 
73157. 

SHAREWARE! THOUSANDS OF IBM PRO- 
GRAMS. S3.00 S^H for 2 disks full plus cataloc 
disk. American Software, PO Box 509. Suite W. 
Roseville, Ml 48066-OS09. 


60A78 


"NOW 
'TOUcanaflFord 


Call or write 
for 

FREE iNFOI 


HOME AUTOMATION! 


INTROL-PC proYtdes fuluristk:: 
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• EMERGENCY/MEOtCAL 
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and much mofe fof your homcl 
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Tunable Notch Filters and Telephone Recoiling Equipment | 

Assembled and Tested Fillen ^ 
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Eliminates,.. 

• Beeping md Buizing 

• Severe Interference 


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of lOort&ore 

KitFilten 
as low as $8 each 
ha tutmitm of 2i or wm 


Brochure $1 (305)-752-92Q2 ^ 


TECHNICAL SCHOOL CLOSED! 


Selling hundradt of HEATH Co. last and trilntng aqulpmortt it u p to 70% ofl tt>«lr catalog prtcet. 
llt« Hsath catalog for dsacrlptlon. Condltksn: new to sJIghtly used, many wtihout manuala. All 
proEffssJcnaEiy wf rod & tuted» or In kit tmi H ixrlM. FirsI coma, flrtl satved. Ctwck or ma)or 
credit cs/ds- Sorry, no COO or open icosuntt. Add UM IWHnQ t Kmdnng, any quantfty , 


mm. 


mm 


Warn m Ctnin^^M^ 
5U23» ISDiBftOMMlAitdb.f^* 
SUZ;06 Ctvnp^^rrwtir 


&(pwknaivl«t'!}DaGg^t, Q .1 Wall 
rSpk3far2.00 lOrorA.SS 


Z'DOS Soltilril^bajfn«nu»fi. Vol.1 & It 33.50 

ZDOS UcnjKhDgounitr^liJkin.Voll 1975 
EWDl » &>ud 5.5' 0»k Drrfw ^lor Abovt^ 

ET750 750Hc^SftKjbDiii^3;pdi 6Jfi5 

ET^O MOHsit&HdtwvdBloc^ 2:95 

rri 7CI 1 TO Holt Brisftwl Sbdk 1S5 

nB330O zaso holt EnwvntRi BrH£»«il I^K 

EEA3104AS«dron)cOiuOwka2AudaT*p€t USO 

HCA3000 Unn JU^(;wnc^Af£^brKiE 49 00 

. iF.miiSOWHl 485,00 
Hft-15G H-PSo^nt^Ciiait^l^QCag.BocriclSJO 

£4lnil'Ol4tEDTulS«f 29.S0 

700^1 T-1 Siifnt 700 Dili Tvrtviihlv/AtXXjtl 2950 

CM3e25^2VC««^ontc A3 Ev, Box, bUul 1 S.SQ 

Bioeo 50ain>ul.1jjgAitt,AWQ1^e2ff/caii 12.50 

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iC70 

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B NC n«c«filic ta Aji«mb| t« 

BUG Plug AuMnbllH 
BC30 BW:^Bin«tiPkjgi 

4.05 10 <g) 4.45 


SUlntou PJL*mS*l 

NtOU S- 1 CMut MMdTOM 
KIMS 4-iy4'0lt«9i4CcfiV 

moUE OmStloli t4M. 5tt!xu. 


455 

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1255 


T06P4C PHi lM VWti*PVSJ,?l,'ll,£i4 U5* 
TDePSC Nid . 1 0O Modii V Plugs. RJ45. SiS 3I.«S 

TDOfrgSO flnd.Td<phGn»Cibi«.fl Cowl.. gSff Ran gJSS 


ftV BBil»fv Snap Clip 
IWfettJS 5001er37.l& 


KS432S7 ,032 S^-J 

J(S4Cfi^5b 4a$0 


DM BMC Baruni AcMplDrm 

?7?o SM:iuU4teBifidkior' 


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lEUD LuvTBhnoteffy 24.S0 
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m Cook Sc(*, lincudf (igfl), Stmi 
Aw^n^ UnoiiQ* Pi^kni (iof^, M 

hdustii4 V«|lj&pn, &iaos, Arwion Corrf . 


UDuHDna Mof^tn 

E! ip ti M >iwifc-TBufci*StBQtnfl. Cox (»oQ 
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195 

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Oufek Guard MotJan ALanm 

ie4iMi1t!!Xtrrv,i^iit(Xjrpv:M Bit 
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6;!^i^i^T«inu6i«te^Hemcbfi;^:5^i 350 

CCTW-5 TiftnwCa*iC**tii^Conn«ssfi,5Pi 4 00 

CCTS-X-i;? Twfisi Gcii C abft t^Csvum, 1 Oft 5 i<5 
CC7»)(-25 TwtnajCouCi2}l«w/Ccinri4Ctor|,eSft liO 
CCTPJX^^DOT#inuCol:([:ad««Corti«Cbrt,lDGft 2$(?0 


Lconi Tech 


IKiOU UR-mCO RJ1 1 1 RMS CABLE TESTERS 
rh*i4 sci7^.)c^ hand-^«k^Viri:til«tttiflirTt^ictvflciDi*i 

vifKlci^ &wipp4dtoi|h9Vikli«in«b«nvy. 

B)J5<«jeC MSW^CTtflif 32 S5 

BNCmC COAX OmWlMAX TESTEI^S^ 

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ORDER TOLL FSEE: 800/343-1465 »ES 


HEAA TTflS TONES..SEE THE NUMBERS! 
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•EIGHT DIGIT DISFLAV 
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ModH TDD^ daeadaa ajrbd dispkys all 16 DTMF dl^U iind provides an. ASCII eeriel ouiput. 
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for rcmolc CQfnput^r data etitry ujeno a L^lephone ktypid. Serijil cuLput can bt' CDiuiificlf d t4:;i 
your compuUrr. IBM compatible soft wart; indtfd«d for di.*|t1ayi.ng, atonngf'prvnliR^ tirem^ dau iitid 
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TDD^ DTMF DEC ODER/DISPLAY/ ASCII $09.00 

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TEL: 800*338-9058 503-687-21 IB 


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FAX: 503-687-2492 


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60A79 


ANTIQUE ELECTRONICS 


TUBES, PARTS (oW stock from cki%&3 or ban 
rupl BadiO-TV stores) Extenssve JEStings in 
pag& iifustraEed catalog: $2.00 Don Dters. 4Z 
North 50 SU0©t #SC4, Milwau*(oe» \ 
S3216-13t3. 


AUDIO-VtDEO-LASERS 


IBM PC and laptops video digiJizer. conrwjcts 
cameracorcfer, 640 by 480 resofution, 256 gr 
levets S89,9Q Demo dJsk S3. 00, informant 
Colorbursl Box 3091. Nashua, NH 030* 

Phona (603) a9M5aa. 


IBM COMPUTER PROGRAMS $1 99! Wiodon^s. 
business, horne, games, art fonts UNCONDI- 
TIONALLY GUARANTEED, Free catalog. 1 (SOO) 
723-0658 &sl. 116 


S3JXI Eidi. Thousands erf IBM programs. CAD, 
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disk. BAC MarkeJinq. 5o& South Beverty DtMS. 
Suite n4^. Bgvofty Hi»s. CA 9Q212-3B98 _ 

IBM SOFTWARE for hams. lech n Ida ns, and stii- 
denis. Also quality wire antennas for hams and 
SWL Send 29 cent stamp to Homebrew Elec- 
tronics, PO Box 8294, Trontonp NJ 08650. 

EE PLUS other engineering P.D. SKamwaTs. 5.25 
IBM format. Send for listing. Special — $1 .50 for a 
disk full ol enginooring 3ott\ware. No S & H, 
AGBSoft, Room 2708. 1350 Sixth Ave., New York. 
NY 10019, 


FREE DISKSII and. FREE PROGRAMS!! Our 

catalog contains on^r 2000 ol the ne^'esl share- 
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all on 3G0K Ci^ 1 1 Pliis dip ihts ad and send iX lo us 
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with 720K diskettes mstoad of 360 K disks, only 
$15,50 with S3.50 being refundable!! BEACH 
RADtO, Oept. RE , PO Box 548. Boston. MA 
02112-0548. 


PROGRAM THE 5aHCll in Basic with this PC 
compatible disk from Motorola. Contains Iho 
BASICI! interpreter. Buffafo Monitor, sample pro* 
dram and more. Only S7.00 fram Suncoast Tecn- 
nologies. PO Box 5e35BE. Spring Hili. FL 34606. 


LEARN ELECTRONICS Why spend tJxjusands 
of doUars on an electronic course when you can 
learn «iec3nyii(s on your MSDO&-PC compatible 
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60Aae 


three 5000-ohm resistors In se- 
ries between the supply voltage 
and ground so that one-third of 
the supply voltage Is developed 
across each resistor The inter* 
nal flip-flop circuit provides a 
definite "on" or "off response, 
Its timing intervals are indepen- 
dent of the supply voltage. 

The 555 has two basic operat- 
ing modes: monos table (one- 
shot — a single pulse is emitted), 
and astable (a stream of output 
pulses is generated). In the 
monostable mode when func- 
tioning as timers, time is pre- 
cisely controlled by the external 
RC network. In that mode the 
555 produces output pulses 
with rise and fall times mea- 
sured in microseconds. 

In the astable mode, the 555 
can be an oscillator. It can main- 
tain an accurately controlled 
free-running frequency and 
duty cycle with only two exter- 
nal resistors and one capacitor 
In either monostable or astable 
modes, timing accuracy is es- 
sentially independent of varia- 
tions in supply voltage or 
ambient temperature. The de- 
vice can be triggered and reset 
on falling waveforms. 

T^T>ical applications for the 
555 include precision and se- 
quential timing, pulse genera- 
tion, pulse-width and pulse- 
position modulation, and linear 
ramp generation. Moreover it 
can directly drive loads such as 
relays, solenoids, low-power 
lamps, and high-impedance 
speakers. 

The 555 is packaged in plas- 


tic and metal DlPs and 8-pin 
metal cans for operation in the 
commercial temperature range 
of 0 ''C to -I- yO^'C. Some plastic 
DIPS can operate in the ^O'^C to 
+ 85'^C extended temperature 
range. 

Alternate-sou reed 555's can 
usually be identified by the in- 
clusion of the numbers 55 or 
555 in their designations. Ex- 
amples include Harris* CA555. 
Motorola^ MCI455. and Nation- 
al Semiconductors* LM555C. 
Other sources include Exar. 
Goldstar Raytheon. Samsung. 
SGS-Thomson, and Sharp Elec- 
tronics. CMOS versions of the 
555. suchasTfexas Instruments' 
TLC555 are also available. In 
addition to their low power con- 
sumption compared to stan- 
dard 555's, their outputs are 
compatible with CMOS as well 
as TTL. 

T^ble I presents some basic 
electrical characteristics for the 
555. The 556 is housed in a 14- 
pin DIP package but the block 
diagram of each circuit is iden- 
tical to that of the 555 shown in 
Fig. 1 . The 556 is also alternate- 
sou reed by many of the same 
firms that offer the 555. Exam- 
ples are Motorola's MC3556 and 
Texas Instruments' TLC7556, 

How the 555 works. 

Figure 2 is a representative 
circuit schematic for the 555, It 
contains 21 transistors, 4 di- 
odes, and 15 resistors. The volt- 
age divider consisting of three 
5000-ohm resistors (shown In 
Fig. I) appears to the right of 


QIC in the trigger comparator. It 
applies one-third of the supply 
voltage to the non- inverting in- 
put terminal of the trigger com- 
parator and two-thirds of the 
supply voltage to the inverting 
input of the IC's threshold com- 
parator. 

The output of the two com- 
parators controls the R-S flip- 
flop, which in turn controls the 
states of the complementary 
output stage and the slave tran- 
sistor Q6. The flip-flops state 
can also be set by signals at 
RESETF pin 4. 

When organized as a mono- 
stable timen the tf^igger pin 2 
is held high by external resistor 
Rp in series with the DC supply 
voltage. Under that condition, 
Q6 is saturated, shorting exter- 
nal timing capacitor Cp to 
ground, and output pin 3 is 
driv^en low. Timer action is 
started by applying a negative- 
going trigger pulse to pin 2, As 
this pulse falls below one- third 
of the DC supply voltage, the 
output of the trigger com- 
parator changes state. That 
causes the R-S flip-flop to 
switch, turning Q6 off, and 
driving output pin 3 high. 

As Q6 turns off, the short is 
removed from the external ca- 
pacitor Cp. The capacitor 
charges through the external 
resistor Rp until the voltage 
across C^^ rises to two-thirds of 
the supply voltage. Then the 
threshold comparator changes 
state and switches the R-S flip- 
flop back to its original state, 
turning Q6 *'on '* and rapidly dis- 
charging Cp, At the same time, 
OUTPUT pin 3 reverts to its low 
state. The timing cyde Is then 
complete. 

A characteristic of the 555 is 
that, once triggered, it cannot 
respond to additional triggering g> 
until the timing sequence is ^ 
complete. However, the se- 3 
quence can be aborted at any ^ 
time by feeding a negative-going g 
pulse to RESET pin 4. ^ 

The output pulse is a square ^ 
wave whose duration (lime de- | 
lay) depends on the values of R 1 
and C. The formula for this is: 5 
tp (time delayl = LI (value of R z 
X value of C) * 

Simply stated, time delay is 
directly proportional to the S3 


TABLE 1— ELECTRICAL CHARACTERiSTlCS 


Chamcteristlcs 


Symbol 


Min. 


Max. 


Unit 


DC Supply Voltage 


Vcc 


4.5 


16 


V 


DC Supply Current (V-h =5V) 


3 


6 


mA 


(V+=5V) 


10 


15 


mA 


Power Dissipation 


600 


mW 


Thresfioid Voltage 


V 


Trigger Voltage (V-H =^5V} 


V, 


1,67 


V 


(V-f=15V) 


5 


V 


Reset Voltage 


0.4 


0.7 


1,0 


V 


Reset Current 


0.1 


mA 


Timing Error (Monostable) 


1 


% 


Fre<|uency Drift with 


Temperatuie 


50 


ppfnTC 


Drift with Supply Voltage 


0,1 


Output Rise Time 


K 


100 


ns 


Output Fail Time 


U 


100 


ns 


TRIGGER 
COMPARATOR 
f 


aiP-FLOP 


OUTPUT 


, COMTROL 
^ VOiTtfCE 


Q10 


2 V 


TRIGGER 


RESET 


l'-^- , RESET ^ 

DISCHARGE 08 | 

< ^ f J ■ 1 I — 

Cd?^ X Q^j^j — 

^,|^' 2^ J^DISCHARGE 


ii i ^^ 


016 J 


7K 


4JK 


015 


03 


018 


019j 


3.9K 


-M 1 

04 


220 I 


TOUTPUT 


0T7 


□21 


4JK 


^ <i 


FIG. 2— REPRESENTATtVE CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC FOR A 555 timer with external re- 
sistive and capacttive components* 


lOOr 


100^s 


1.0ms 


10ms 100ms 
TIME DELAY (SECOKDS) 


100 


FIG. 3^0MB1NAT10NS OF RESISTANCE AND CAPACITANCE yield a range of time 
delays. The trigger pulse width must be less than the timing period. 


product of R and C. Figure 3 is a 
plot of time delay vs. resistance 
and capacitance based upon 
the time-delay formula where t^ 
is in milliseconds. R is In thou- 
sands of ohms, and C is in mi- 
crofarads* Figure 3 gives a 


tamily of time delay curves with 
variations in R-p and Delays 
from 10 microseconds to 100 
seconds can be obtained by se- 
lecting suitable values of low- 
leakage capacitors from 0.00 1 
P-F to Too M-F and resistors from 


1 thousand ohms to lO 
megohms. 

Figure 4-a Is a simple fixed- 
period (approximately SO-sec- 
ond) manually-triggered time 
delay circuit, and Fig, 4-d 
shows the waveforms as they 
would appear on an os- 
cilloscope. The sequence of 
events in Fig. 4-b is initiated by 
grounding triggicr pin 2 with 
momentary start switch SI* 
The CONTROL voLTAGi': pin 5 is 
decoupled by C2. and the out- 
put state can be determined by 
observing whether LEDl is il- 
luminated or not, A square out- 
put pulse {whose fixed-period is 
determined by Rl and CI) ap- 
pears at ouTi'LTT pin 3. while an 
exponential sawtooth (with the 
same period as the square wave) 
appears at njscnAi^cvE pin 7, 

The fixed-period output of the 
circuit in Fig. 4 can vary from 
LI to 120 seconds by making 
the changes shown in Fig. 5. 
Resistor Rl is replaced with a 
lOK fixed resistor and l- 
megohm potentiometer R5 In 
series, as shown, A reset feature 
can be added by installing 
RESET switch S2. permitting 


+5TO + 15V 


m 

470K 


Si OPEN 


ict 

555 


5 


R2 

m 


mPJT TO 
TRIGGER 
(PIN 2^ 

sTaosEo' 


SI 


"Si I 


0 


-+v 


OUTPUT 
O 


CAPACITOR 
VOLTAGE / 
(PINS 6J} / 


OUTPUT 
VOLTAGE 
(PIN 3) 


"a 


h- 


FIG.4— FIXED-PERIOD TIMER produces a SO-second lime delay (a). The wave- 
forms at three pins are shown (b^aj. 


1M£ G 


lOK 


CI ^ 
TOOnF' 


R2 
22K 


tCI 
555 


02^ 
Q-lMF"f 


^+5TO+t5V 


R3 


reset' J START y 


R4 
470a 


] 


OUTPUT 


HG. 5— VARIABLE-PERIOD TIMER CIRCUIT with reset capability produces time de- 
lays from t.l to 120 seconds. 


RG. &— ALTERNATE METHODS FOR ENERGIZING a relay from the output of a 555. 


d; 


R4 

mm 


R1 

100K 


R2 
22K 


R3 

>22K 


IC1 
55S 


I *y lOOijF 


S2 NO 
RESET 


+ 12V 


01 
tN40in 

— W— 


OUTPUT 


u 


SI NO 

START i 
1N40D1 


RV1 
12V 


7~ TIMER WITH A RELAY OUTPLn" provides time deJays of 1.1 to 120 seconds. 


premature terminaUon of I he 
timing pjcriod. 

The 555 timer can drive non- 
inductive loads directly from 
pin 3 with currents as large as 
200 milllamperes. However, if 
the circuit contains an indue* 
live relay load, either of the 
schematics shown In Fig. 6 ap- 
ply In Fig, 6-a, the relay RYl is 
normally off. but it goes on only 
when OUTPUT pin 3 goes high 
during the timing Interval: in 
Fig, RYl is normally on, but 
It turns off during the timing 
IntervaL Diode Dl in both cir- 
cuits protects the 555 against 
inductive- switching damage. 
The contacts of relay RYl can 
control external circuits. 

Figure 7 shows how a relay 
and a 555 can form a simple 1 . 1- 
to 120-second timer in two 
switch-selected decades. How- 
ever, the general-purpose cir- 
cuit has several drawbacks. 
Firsts tt draws current continu* 
Dusly even when the timer is 
off. Second, because of the wide 
tolerance variations in the elec- 
tro lytic timing capacitors CI 
and C2, potentiometer R4 
needs two custom calibrated 
scales. 

The schematic in Fig. 8 shoe's 
how to overcome these draw- 
backs. The RESET switch S2 and 
the set of relay contacts in paral- 
lel with the START switch SI. 
which are both normally open 
(N.OJ keep the circuit off so 
there is no current drain. The 
timing cycle is started by press- 
ing momentary pushbutton 
switch 81* which connects 
power to the 555. At the instant 
of SI closure. C3 is fully dis- 
charged. It therefore sends a 
start pulse to trigger pin 2 
through R4 and initiates a tim- 
ing cycle. 

As the timing cycle starts. RYl 
is energized. The contacts in 
parallel with SI close and keep 
the 555 powered even when S2 
is released. At the end of the 
timing cycle RYl is de-energized 
and Its contacts re-open, dis- 
connecting power from the 555. 

The timing of the circuit in 
Fig. 8 Is principally controlled 
by the vaiues of resistor Rl and 
potentiometer R5. and either CI 
or C2. which are switch-se- 
lected bv S3-a. Note, however. 


SI m 

START 


■ ^ i — ^ ^ 


RY1 

12V 
>60O 


RQ. 8— PRECISiON (COMPENSATED) TIMER with a relay output has two ranges: OJ 
to 10 seconds and 9 to 100 seconds. 


AUTO 
BATTERY 

S2 
(IGNITION 
SWITCH) ' 

O t OOFF 
START %^ 


SI 

(HEADLIGHTS 
SWITCH) 


R1 

470K 


CI _ 


= {CHASSIS) 


RG. 9— HEADUGHT TURNOFF CONTROL with automatic delay for automobiles. 

HEADLIGHTS ^ ^ 
OR SPOTLIGHT OFF 
S V^tTCH ^ 


Rl 

470K 


7 12V 

t AUTO 
I BATTERY 


Ct 


IC1 
555 


R2 
22K 

2 


;c? 


I 

L _ _ 

D2 
tN4ll01 

— w— 


I 


, S1 NO 
' START 


ON 


5k 

0,0 VF 


R3 
10K 


M 


D1 
1K40n 


HEADLIGHTS ^ 
SPOTLIGHT W 


RYl 
; 12V 

>6oa 


(CHASSIS) 


RG, 10— HEADLJGHT/SPOTLIGHT TURNOFF CONTROL for automobifes Is manually 
actuated. 


that timing is also influenced by 
the setting of potentiometers 
R6 and R7. They are selected 
ivith switch S3-b and connected 
to CONTROL voUage pin 5 of the 
IC, Those potentiometers effec- 
tively shunt the internal voltage 
of the 555, thereby altering tim- 
ing periods. 

That feature allows the circuit 
to produce precise timing peri- 
ods even when capacitors with 
loose-tolerance values are in the 
circuit, it also allows a single 
calibrated timing scale to cover 
the two switch-selected timing 
ranges, 

lb set up the Fig. 8 circuit, 
first set potentiometer R5 to its 
maximum value, set switch S3 
to position 1 and push start 
button SI. Then adjust potenti- 
ometer R6 for a precise period of 
10 seconds. Next, set 3 to posi- 
tion 2, push START switch SI. 
and adjust potentiometer R7 for 
a precise period of 100 seconds. 
With those adjustments com- 
plete, the timing scale can be 
calibrated over its full 100-sec- 
ond range. 

Timers for car lights 

Figure 9 is a circuit that auLo- 
matically delays the turn-off of 
an automobiles headlights^ per- 
mitting them to function as 
safety lights at night after the 
ignition switch is turned off. It 
Is a useful circuit if you want 
your car's headlights to remain 
on for 50 seconds after you have 
parked* turned off the ignition, 
locked the doors, and walked 
away The headlights will stay 
on long enough to illuminate 
your route until you can reach 
the safety of your home. The cir- 
cuit does not interfere with nor- 
mal headlight operation. 

When the cars ignition 
switch S2 is tLirned "on," RYl is 
energized (through diode D3] 
closing its contacts and con- 
necting the 12-volt battery to 
the 555 and headlights switch 
SI, In this state the headlights 
operate normally Howeven be- 
cause both sides of capacitor C2 
are connected to the positive 
supply, it is fully discharged. 

When S2 is turned "off," the 
voltage across R3 goes to zero, 
de-energizing the relay. How- 
ever, at that time C3 applies a 


negative-going trigger pulse to 
TRIGGER pin 2, initiating a 50- 
second timing cycle that applies 
current to the relay coil through 

Relay RYls contacts remain 
closed for about 50 seconds 


after S2 is turned off. keeping 
the positive battery supply con- 
nected to SI during this period. 
That keeps the headlights on if 
SI is in its on position. At the 
end of that 50-second time de- 
lay, RYl de-energlzes, its eon- 


(D 


R4 


S1 NO 
START 


R5 
47K 
(SET 


Aim 


CI . 


R2 
100K 


IC1 
55S 


G3 

— )l- 

R3 
33DK 
-^MA — 


D2 


+ 12V 


OUTPUT 
TO PORCH 
LIGHTS 


RY1 
12V 
>60O 


RG, 11--F0RCH LIGHT CONTROL AUTOMATICALLY turns on a light for a preset 
period only when triggered at night. 


R3 

2M 


mPUT<^ 


CI 

o V ^ 

R1 
10K 

R2 
10K 


R4 ^ 

zzk: 

C2 
0.001 pF 


01 
2K3704 


m 

100K 


€3 

(SEE ; 


R5 
8.2K 


ICl 
S55 


^ — 


^+5T0+15V 


R7 

3 

^ (LEVEL! 


04 

O.OIjtF 


^^OUTPtlT 


FIG. 12— ADD-ON PULSE GENERATOR can supplement a stand-alone pulse gener- 
ator. Jt is triggered by rectangular input signals. Table 1 gives output pulsa widths for 
various values of C3. 


+5TO-H5V 


RG. 13— MODIFIED ADD-ON PULSE GENERATOR can be triggered by any kind of 
input waveform Including sine waves. 


tacts open, and battery supply 
IS disconnected from the 555 
and SI. 

The circuit in Pig. 9 is com- 
patible with modem practice for 
powering the headlights switch 
SI with Ignition switch S2 so 
that headlights work only when 
the ignition switch is on. How- 


even the circuit shown in Fig. 10 
is applicable to older vehicles 
whose headlights or spotlight 
are independent of the ignition 
switch. The circuit illustrates a 
manual delayed turn-off light 
control. 

That circuit works if the vehi- 
cle is parked with Its lights off* 


They uill be turned on for a pre- 
set 50-second period as soon as 
momentary pushbutton start 
switch 81 is pressed. When the 
delay period times out. the 
lights will be turned off again 
automatically. 

The Fig. 10 circuit Includes 
relay RYl with two sets of nor- 
mally-open contacts. The tim- 
ing sequence Is started with the 
momentary closure of pushbut- 
ton switch SI. Normally, both SL 
and the relay contacts are open, 
so the timer circuit Is not 
powered and the lights are ofT. 
Capacitor C3 is discharged un- 
der this condition. 

When SI is momentarily 
closed, RYVs coll is energized. 
That action closes its first set of 
contacts, applying power to the 
cars lights while aJso closing its 
second set of contacts, applying 
power to the 555, However, 
TRIGGER pin 2 of the IC Is briefly 
grounded through C2, so a 
negative trigger pulse is fed to 
it, and a timing cycle is begun. 

Consequently output pin 3 of 
the 555 switches high when the 
relay contacts close, locking the 
relay into its "on" state (re- 
gardless of the subsequent state 
of SI), keeping the lights on for 
50 seconds. At the end of the 
timing cycle, pin 3 of the 10 
switches to its low state, de-en- 
ergizing RYL Then both sets of 
relay contacts open, discon- 
necting power from the 555 and 
the lights. 

Automatic porch light 

Figure 11 is an automatic con- 
trol circuit for a porch light. It 
wiD turn a porch light on auto- 
matically for a preset 50-second 
period when Its sensor detects 
the presence of a person. How- 
ever, it performs that function 
only at night or under condi- 
tions of reduced visibility such 
as might occur during a storm. 
The circuit is activated with 
switch SI, which can be a 
microswitch triggered by a por- 
ch gate. It might also be a pres- 
sure-switch hidden under a 
porch mat and triggered by a 
person weighing perhaps 50 
pounds or more. 

Circuit operation depends on 
a negative-going pulse that falls 
below the internally controlled 


R1 

m 


m . 
iok: 


INPUT 


B4 


ICI 
555 


21 D1 


C4 
0.001 


C3 


R5 


tOOK) 


P7 
2^ 


\C2 
SS5 


^C5 
4.7K' 


" C6 

0.001 mF 


m 

$.2K 

119 
tOOK 


+5TO+15V 


IC3 
555 


OLTTPUT 

1 


RIO 
1.0K 
(LEVEL) 

^ C8 


FIG. 14— ADD*ON DELAYED PULSE GENERATOR can be triggered by any input wave* 
form {a% Wavefarms at input to ICI and thase at the outputs of IC2 and EC3 based on 
different values of R and C (t% 


one-third supply voltage being 
fed to TRIGG EvK pin 2 of the 555, 
If the trigger pulse does not Tall 
below that value, the timing cy- 
cles cannot be initiated. 

In Fig. IL the photocell (re- 
sistor R4) and potentiometer R5 
are in series as a light-depen- 
dent voltage divider One side of 
Si is connected to the junction 
between R4 and R5, and the 
other side is connected to pin 2 
through a the network of C2 
and R3. In normal daylight the 
photoceirs resistance is low, so a 
high voltage appears at the 
junction of R4 and R5. As a re- 
sult, closing SI sends a voltage 
pulse to pin 2 whose value is too 
low to pull pin 2 below one- third 
of the supply voltage. Thus, the 
timer cannot be triggered with 
SI under those conditions. 

However, the photocell s resis- 
tance value increases at night or 


under reduced visibility caus- 
ing a low voltage to appear at the 
R4-R5 junction. Under that 
condition, closing Si generates 
a voltage pulse that pulls pin 2 
below the one-third supply volt- 
age value, triggering the timer 
The cadmium-sulphide (CdSl 
photocell (resistor R4) should 
have a resistance of 1000 to 
47.000 ohms under "dark" 
tum-on conditions. Potentiom- 
eter R5 can be adjusted to preset 
the minimum '*dark" level for 
circuit triggering. The trigger 
signal is fed to pin 2 of the 555 
through the C3 and R3, a net- 
work that shapes the trigger 
pulse and effectively Isolates the 
DC component of the photocell- 
potentiometer network from 
pin 2, 

Pulse generators 
In all of the circuits presented 


so fan the 555 functions as a 
monostable (one-shot) pulse 
generator. Suitable trigger sig- 
nals are fed to trigger pin 2 and 
output pulses are taken from 
OUTPUT pin 3, The 555 can gen- 
erate well formed output pulses 
with periods from 5 microse- 
conds to hundreds of seconds. 
The maximum usable pulse re- 
pi tition frequency is approxi- 
mately 100 kHz. 

The signal reaching triggkk 
pin 2 must be a carefully shaped 
negative-going pulse. Its ampli- 
tude must switch from an "off 
value greater than two- thirds of 
the supply voltage to an 'on" val- 
ue less than one-third of the 
supply voltage, (Triggering ac- 
tually occurs as pin 2 drops 
through the one-third supply 
voltage value,) Tt^igger pulse 
width must be greater than 100 
nanoseconds bul less than that 
of the desired output pulse. 
That condition assures trigger 
pulse removal by the time the 
monostable period times out. 

Suitable trigger signals for 
the 555 in the monostable mode 
can be formed by converting the 
Input signal to a good square 
wave that switches between the 
full positive supply voltage and 
ground- The square wave is 
then coupled to pin 2 with a re- 
sistor-capacitor diHerentiating 
network having a short time 
constant* That network con- 

TABLE 2— CAPACfTOR VALUES 
FOR PULSE-WIDTHS 

Capacitors C3 Pulse Widtti Range 
(Microfarads) {Time in Seconds) 

10-0 90 ms -1.2 

1.0 9ms -120 ms 

0.1 900 iiS - 12 ms 

0.01 90 - 1 .2 ms 

0.001 Bps - 120 (iS 


verts the leading or trailing 
edges of the square wave into 
suitable trigger pulses. 

Figure 12 shows a liming cir- 
cuit that accepts Input signals 
already in the form of square 
waves or pulses. TVansistor Ql 
converts a rectangular input 
signal into a form that switches 
between the positive supply and 
ground. The output signal is 


S2>1 
SfF 

R1 

Z2K 


SI 

m 


R2- 


B3 

22K 


IC1 
555 


C3 
0.00 l^F 


ft4' 


RS 
10K 


IC2 
5S5 


R5 


R7* 


+ ST0+15V 


IC3 
555 


OUTPUT 1 OUTPUT 2 

(SEE mm fSEE TDCn 

^SELECTED VALUES OF H mO C 
3 OUTPUTS 

fSEETlXn 


SIART 


OUTPUT 1 


OUTPUT 2 


OUTPUTS 


RG. 15— 'mREE-STAGE SEQUENTIAL TIMER or pulse generator (a) and waveforms at 
three different output pins (H 


then fed to trigger pin 2 
through differentiating net- 
work C2-R4. The clrcuK can be- 
come an add-on pulse generator 
In combination with a separate 
square-wave or pulse generator 
Variable-amplitude output 
pulses can be obtained from po- 
tentiometer R7, 

The output pulse widths of 
the Fig. 12 circuit can be varied 
over more than a decade range 
with potentiometer R6, and 
they can be switched in overlap- 
ping decade ranges with the \^al* 
ues of C3 listed in Table 2. With 
the component values shown* 
output pulse width is variable 
from 9 microseconds to 1.2 sec- 
onds. Capacitor C4 decouples 

CONTKOl. VOLTAGK pin 5 to im- 

prove circuit stability. 

Figure 13 shows a modifica- 
tion of the circuit in Fig. 12 that 
can be triggered by any kind of 
Input waveforni, including sine 


waves. Here the first 555 (ICl) is 
configured as a Schmitt trigger 
to convert all input signals Into 
square-wave output signals. 
Those square waves trigger tlie 
second 555 (IC2) in the mono- 
stable mode in the same way as 
described earlier. The circuit 
can also become an add-on 
pulse generator in combination 
with any kind of stand-alone 
waveform generator that pro- 
duces output signals with peak- 
tO'peak amplitudes greater 
than one-half the ICs supply 
voltage. 

Figure 14 -a shows how two 
monos table circuits can be con- 
nected in scries to make a de- 
layed-pulse generator. As in Fig. 
13, the first '555 {ICD \s config- 
ured as a Schmitt trigger The 
second 555 (IC2) controls time 
delay width* while the third 555 
MC3) determines the output 
pulse width. 


As shown in Fig. 14-5, the 
output pulse at pin 3 of ICS ap- 
pears at a time interval after the 
initial application of the trigger 
signal. This time delay width 
Tj^i is determined by the prod- 
uct of the value of capacitor C3 
and the sum of the values of re- 
sistor R5 and poten t lometcr R6. 
in accordance with the time de- 
lay formula given earlier Sim- 
ilarly output pulse width i^^ *s 
determined with the values of 
C7, and R8and R9. 

This circuit can become part 
of a stand-alone pulse delay gen- 
erator by building it into a 
square-wave generator case. 
The square-w^ave generator will 
provide the initial trigger sig- 
nals needed. 

A number of monostable 
pulse generators can be placed 
In series to operate in sequen- 
tial form. Figure 15-a. for exam- 
ple, shows a three-stage se- 
quential generator circuit. It 
can control lamps or relays in a 
pre-programmed time sequence 
after pushbutton switch SI is 
pressed to give the start 
command. Note that the reset 
pins (pin 4) of all three 555 s are 
shorted together and positively 
biased by R6. Those pins can be 
shorted to ground with set 
switch S2. \Wien power is ap- 
plied, SI should be closed, en- 
suring that none of the 555 s in 
the circuit are falsely triggered. 

Figure l4-i> shows the wave- 
forms from the output pins of 
all three 555's (ICl to IC3). The 
time delay t^^ Is determined by 
the values of CI and R2* tp^ is 
determined by the value of C4 
and R4 and t^^ is determined by 
the values of C7 and R7 when 
Inserted in the time delay for- 
mula given earlier. 

Finally, three or more mono- 
stable circuits can be connected 
with capacitor C9 (shown in a 
dashed connection line) be- 
tween SI and pin 3 of the third 
555 (IC3). This loop feeds a sig- 
nal back from the ouiTU^r pin of 
IC3 to tile input trigcikh pin of 
ICl, permitting infinite repeti- 
tion of pulse sequence. The cir- 
cuit can drive LEDs and digital 
logic. Tile circuit also has the 
reset capabfiity provided by S2 
that clears the circuit when 
power Is first applied. r-e 


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Set up a versatile sfoping-vee antenna for 
your shortwave receiver of tiam rig 
to improve your transmission 
and reception at low 
cost. 


THE SLOPINGA'EE A^VTEt^JNA IS ONE 

of the most versatile broadband 
antenna designs available to 
amateur radio enthusiasts and 
shortwave listeners. It is struc- 
turally simple, inexpensive, 
easy-to-buUd, and easy to set up 
In the field if you want to take 
your rig with you on vacation. 
The sloping vee can achiew 
moderate and occasionally even 
high gain over a frequency span 
of 5 to 1, 10 to L or mor^. The 
antenna is functional over the 
high-frequency (HP) into ultra- 
high- frequency (UHFJ-range 
from about 3 MHz to about 800 
MHz. 

The most common configura- 
tion for the sloping- vee antenna 
is shown in Fig. Lit consisls of 
two sloping, radiating elements 
(wires) fed by a radio-frequency 
source at their vertex. The 
source is located at a height H 
above the ground, and the ele- 
ments are terminated by two 
equal resistors, R, located at or 


near the Earths surface. Tech- 
nically it is an /nver fed- vee slop- 
ing antenna. 

The true sloping-vee antenna 
has a vertex height, H, that is 
actually less than the height of 
its terminations. The radiating 
elements slope up from the 
ground, not down as shown in 
Fig. 1, making this configura- 
tion more difficult and expen- 
sive to build because two masts 
are required. However, both 
forms are called sloping vee s be- 
cause they resemble a tilted let- 
ter "V." 

This article presents a sys- 
tematic design procedure that 
takes into account the unique 
characteristics of this antenna. 
A tjrpical design for an HFA^F 
ID- to 60-MHz sloping- vee an- 
tenna is discussed in detail, and 
measured performance data for 
the actual antenna is given. A 
frequently overlooked feature of 
the sloping- vee antenna at HF 
and a major advantage is that it 
combines the features of hori- 
zontal and vertical antennas, 
which results in virtual polar- 
ization diversity. 

In a careful design* the 
characteristics of the communi- 


RICHARD A, FORMATO 


cation links to be supported by 
the antenna must be consid- 
ered. For example* the take-off 
angles at which the antenna 
must have adequate gain are de- 
termined by the transmitter-to- 
receiver distance and by the vir- 
tual ionospheric reflection 
height. 

Another design constraint is 
the antennas required band- 
width which Is determined by 
the operating frequencies. For 
some amateur radio operators, 
only the HF band {3 to 30 MHz) 
is of concern; others want to 
cover the upper HF range and 
the 6-meter (50 kHz) band as 
well- High-gain antennas such 
as Yagis exhibit a bandwidth of 
a few percent of the center fre- 
quency. A well designed sloping 
vee, by contrast, wlil cover the 
entire HF spectrum and even ex- 
ceed it. 

Antenna siting is another im- 
portant consideration in the de- 
sign of a sloping vee. From HF o> 
well into the VHF range, the % 
Earths electrical charac- 1 
terlslics (ground conductivity ^ 
and dielectric constant) have a ^ 
dramatic effect on antenna per- ^ 
forma nee. Ground effects are m 
especially important at low S 
take-off angles (close to the | 
horizon). 3 

Shallow take-off angles are z 
necessary for long-range trans- i 
mission. For very long dis- 
tances, the take-off angle could 71 


be so low lhat mountains or 
other terrain features block sig- 
nal transmission. Those 
obstructions limit the mini- 
mum take-off angle which, in 
turn, limits the range. 

Sloping-vee operation 

As shown in Fig, 1, the RF 
source excites current waves on 
the vees radiating elements- 
The total current consists of 
two components: an incident 
wave propagating from the 
source toward the end of the ele- 
ment, and a reflected wave prop- 
agating from the terminating 
resistor back toward the source. 
In an ideal vee, the reflected 
component is zero because the 
terminating resistor absorbs 
any incident energy that would 
otherwise be reflected. In prac- 
tice, there is a only a slight re* 
fleeted component. The inci- 
dent and reflected waves com- 
bine poinL'by-point along the 
element length to form a weak 
standing- wave pattern. An un- 
terminated antenna^ such as a 
center* fed, half- wave dlpole, 
propagates a reflected wave with 
a large amplitude that creates a 
strong standing-wave pattern. 

The half- wave dipole is a reso- 
nant, narrow band, standing- 
wave antenna. By contrast, a 


properly designed vee is a non- 
resonant, broadband, travel- 
ing-wave antenna. Broadband 
operation Is obtained from the 
vee antenna by eliminating as 
much of the reflected current 
wave as possible. The terminat- 
ing resistors are capable of ab- 
sorbing most of the incident 
energy that is not radiated from 
the elements. If the terminating 
resistor is conjugate-matched 
to the characteristic impedance 
of the radiating element, there 
is no reflected signal because all 
of the power is absorbed* 

This situation is the same as 
the maximum power transfer 
condition for a transmission 
line feeding a load. The load ab- 
sorbs maximum power when its 
internal impedance is equal to 
the complex conjugate of the 
transmission line's charac- 
teristic impedance Zq. Because 
for well-designed transmis- 
sion lines is nearly a pure resis- 
tance, the matched load is a 
resistance of equal value* The 
most common coaxial cable im- 
pedance is 50 ohms, and the 
corresponding matched load is 
a resistive 50 ohms. The load 
could be a 50-ohm dummy (es- 
sentially a resistor), or it could 
be an antenna with an input im- 
pedance of 50 + JO ohms* 


The frequencies at which the 
vee exhibits near traveling- wave 
behavior determine its useful 
bandwidth. The precise defini- 
tion of impedance bandwidth is 
the range of frequencies at 
which antenna input voltage 
standing- wave ratio (VSWR) is 
less than or equal to some 
threshold value, typically 2 to 
2.5 : 1 for transmitters and up to 
5:1 for receivers. There are dif- 
ferent thresholds because 
transmitter circuits cannot tol- 
erate high VSWR without re- 
ducing output power or shut- 
ting down: by contrast, a 
receiver is not limited by VSWR, 

For receive-only operation, in* 
creased antenna VSWR causes 
higher mismatch loss into the 
receiver front-end, which re- 
duces the available signal leveL | 
There is a point at which the! 
mismatch loss is so high that 
receiver sensitivity (minimum 
detectable signal) becomes un* 
acceptable low Figure 2 is a plot 
of mismatch loss as a function 
of VSWR with one end of the 
transmission line matched . At 
a VSWR of 5:1. receiver sen- 
sitivity is reduced by only 2.5 
dB: but at 21:1, the' reduction 
approaches 8 dB. 

An objective for the design of 
a vee antenna is to maximize 
the range of frequencies in 
which VSVm is less than 2,5:1 
for transmission and less than 
5:1 for reception. An antenna 
meeting the transmission crite- 
rion between 3,5 and 30 MHXt 
for example, could be loaded di- 
rectly on aU bands from 80 to 10 
meters without a tuner or 
matching network! The same 
antenna could receive over an 
even wider bandwidth. 

Design procedure 

The design of a good vee In- 
volves three steps. The first is to 
evaluate the kinds of communi- 
cation links for which tlie an- 
tenna is intended. The designer 
must answer the following 
questions: What are the dis- 
tances and operating frequen- 
cies involved, and what is the 
propagation mode? The second 
step calls for the selection of the 
vees apex angle based upon the 
intended operating frequency 
and antenna size. The third 


FIG. Z-^PLOT OF MISMATCH LOSS in decibels vs. VS WR wtth one end of the transmis- 
sion-line nratched. 


Step Is the computation of the 
antenna radiation patterns for 
the desired distances. 

The assumed specifications 
for the design of a vee antenna 
arc: 

• Frequency range — 15 to 50 
MHz (continuous) 

• Propagation mode — meteor 
trails at 100 kilometers 

• Link distances — 400 to 1200 
kilometers (250 to 750 miles 

• Antenna si ting — limited to an 
area 100 x 100 feel and a height 
25 feel 

• Main lobe gain — 0 dBl, mini- 
mum value 

Step 1 — Link evaluation 

Three transmission -path fac- 
tors Influence vee design: dis- 
tance between transmitter and 
receiver {determines antenna 
take-off angles); operating fre- 
quencies (determines required 
bandwidth): and propagation 
mode (determines take-off an- 
gles). Each of those factors must 
be known or estimated to de* 
sign an antenna matched to the 
path. 

Signals propagating between 
points on the Earlh^s surface 
are bent by the ionosphere or 
other scattering mechanism 
such as a meteor reflection. The 
most common (but not the only) 
propagation mode at HF is tlie 
skywave. The transmitted sig- 
nal Is bent back toward the Ear- 
th's surface by the Ionospheres 


changing refractive index. This 
process is equivalent to a spec- 
ular reflect ion from a virtual re- 
flection point. The simplest 


model ol HF slqrwave propaga- 
tion is a straight-line signal ray 
from the transmitter to a loca- 
tion near the refiectlon point 
where it Is bent back as another 
straight line ray from the reflec- 
tion point to the receiver as 
shown in Fig. 3. 

The attainable distance in a 
communication path depends, 
in part, on the reflection height, 
with higher reflections provid- 
ing greater distances, HF sky- 
wave propagation is caused by 
reflections from the iono- 
spheres layers: D layer (about 
50 kilometers high), E layer 
(about 120 kilometer high) and 
F layer (200 to 500 klloineters 
high). Meteor-trail rellcctlons 
are of growing interest because 
of the increased availability of 
high-speed packet data equip- 
ment. Those reflections occur at 
altitudes of about 100 kilo- 
meters. 

The path geometry (reflection 
height and transmit ler-to-re- 


VIRTUAl REFLECTtOI^ 
POINT 


METEtmREniCnON 


IONOSPHERE 
F-LAYER100T0 260MI 

E-LffirEnaOT0 7o mi 


RG. 3— DIAGRAM SHOWING RELATIONS between laki. 
point, and signal range. 


idual reflection 


velver distance) determines the 
range of required take-off an- 
gles for the antenna. Signal rays 
transmitted at too high an angle 
fall short of the receiver, while 
those transmitted at too shal- 
low an angle can overshoot the 
receirer. 

Figure 3 shows two important 
angles in vee design. The take- 
off {or elevation) angle is mea- 
sured upward from the earth's 
surface to the ray direction. The 
polar (or zenith) angle is mea- 
sured down from the vertical to 
the ray direction. Both angles 
are important because path re- 
quirements are usually de- 
scribed in terms of the take-off 
angle, but antenna perfor- 
mance is usually referred to a 
coordinate system bas^d on the 
polar angle. The sum of the pol- 
ar angle and the take-off angle is 
90"", so the polar angle can al- 
ways be determined by sub- 
tracting the take-off angle from 
90^ and the take off-angle can be 
found by subtracting the polar 
angle from 90^ 

Figure 4 is a communication- 
range plot. The left vertical axis 
Is the maximum range in kilo- 
meters for a specific take-off an- 
gle in degrees, while the right 
vertical axis is the maximum 
obstruction height in feet vs. 
take-off angle. Three range vs, 
take-off angle curves are plotted 
for different reflection heights, 
and each curve is labeled with 
the height (100, 300, and 500 
kilometers). These curves were 
computed for an Earth spher- 
ical radius of 6371 kilometers. A 
**16-Earth'* correction factor 
(Earth radius increased by 16) is 
sometimes used at HE Applying 
that correction would modify 
the curves shoum somewhat. 
Either the maximum path 
^ distance for a given take-off an- 
^ gle or the appropriate take-off 
^ angle for a specified distance 
f can be determined from Fig, 5, 
1^ At a take-off angle of 20\ for ex- 
<^ ample, the maximum range is 
1^ about 2100 kilometers (1300 
z miles) for 500-kilometer rcflcc- 
S t Ions In the F2 region. The 
I range Increases to 4000 kllo- 
I meters (2500 miles) at about a 
uj S'' take-off angle. 

If the path length were 3200 
74 kilometers, the appropriate 


4SQ0 


4000 


o 

^2m 


1G0Q 


fiOO 


V 5 m 

^ J 
\ J 
V / 


r f3i 


ill 


/l Ml 


1 


^ / 
\ I 


\j 


*\ 

\ 

\ 


\ I I 

V / 


V 

V y 


V 


hi 
ft ^ 


OiSTRUCTiON 
REFLECnON_ _ _ 
HEI^KT 


__T00km 


10 


4800 


4000 _ 


zm 


1600 1 


8Q0 


70 


eo 


90 


30 40 50 60 

TAKE OFF ATIGLF fDEGREEE) 

FIG,4^0MMUNICATI0N RANGE PLOT: maximum range and maximum oijstruction 
height vs. take-off angle 


take-off angle for 500-kllometer 
rellections is about 10'', and its 
about 3"" for 300-kilometer re- 
flections. Also plotted in Fig. 5 is 
a family of five obstruction 
height curves. They are impor- 
tant in antenna siting, es- 
pecially for very shallow take-off 
angles (long paths). 

Figure 5 shows the transmit- 
ted-ray geometry for a signal 
obscured by a hill or mountain. 
The obstruction with height H 
is located at a distance R from 
the antenna. The minimum 
take-off angle corresponds to 
the ray that just grazes the 
obstruction as shown. Trans- 
mitted or received signals at 
smaller take-off angles are 
blacked by the obstruction. 

The curves related to the right 
vertical axis In Fig. 4 show the 
maximum allowable obstruc- 
tion height in feet vs. the take* 
off angle. For example, if the 
path requires a take-off angle of 


20^ a land-mass or structural 
obstruction Va mile away must 
be less than 500 feet high if the 
ray is to pass without being 
blocked. A SOO-foot hUl Va mile 
away would obscure all signals 
with take-off angles below 20". 
Higher obstructions can be tol- 
erated if they are further away 
At a distance of ^/^ mile, for ex- 
ample, the obstruction could be 
as high as 1000 feet before 
obscuring a ray with a 20^ take- 
off angle. 

The curves in Fig. 4 also show 
maximum range in kilometers 
vs. take-off angles in degrees for 
the vee. For 100-kilometer re- 
flections, the most effective an- 
gles are between about 8*" and 
25'', The objective in designing 
a vce antenna is the placement 
of this lobe in this angular 
range. The the 8*^ minimum 
take-off angle requires that the 
antenna bef carefully sited to 
avoid lobe blockage by a nearby 


hill or structure. The maximum 
height of that obstruction can 
be only about 200 feet If the an- 
tenna is to be located mile 
away. This requirement might 
easily be exceeded In hilly ter- 
rain or near tall buildings. 

Step 2 — The apex ang!e 

Figures 6 and 7 plot the op- 
timum vee apex angle in degrees 
as it changes with frequency 
and antenna element (radiator) 
length. The apex angle is inver- 
sely related to both frequency 
and element length. Thus, 
short elements at low frequen- 
cies must have wide apex angles 
while long elements at high fre- 
quencis can have small angles. 
The curves in Fig, 6 are for fre- 
quencies of 10. 30, and 50 MHz 
with respect to element lengths 
in meters, while those in Fig. 7 
are for element lengths of 20" 40 
and 60 meters with respect to 
frequency. Our example vee 
must operate over a wide fre- 
quency* range (15 to 50 MHz). 

It turns out that a given apex 
angle is optimum at only one 
frequency, not over a range of 
frequencies. Therefore* the se- 
lection of an optimum apex an- 
gle calls for both Judgment and 
compromise. The objective is to 
select an angle that provides 
good performance at all fre- 
quencies over the stated range. 

The design example calls for a 
vee antenna that will fit in a 100 
X 100 foot square plot. There- 
fore, 40- or 60-meter elements 
are too long; only the 20-meter 
length will fit. By referring to 
both Figs. 6 and 7. it can be 
seen that fora 20-meter element 
the optimum apex angle at 10 
MHz is 1 16". but at 50 MHz it is 
54**, It can also be seen that a 
good compromise for apex angle 
with a 20-meter element over 
the 15- to 50-MHz band can be 
reached by finding the apex an- 
gle for 30 MHz— 69^ That angle 
will now become the trial value » 
and it will be retained unless the 
gain or pattern falls to meet the 
design objectives. In that case, 
the selection process must be 
repeated with another choice 
for the apex angle. 

Now look at the vee input re- 
sistance at the design apex an- 
gle. Figure 8 is a plot of input 


resistance in ohms (R vs. fre- 
quency for apex angles of 40^^* 
70\ and 100^ The input resis- 
tance value for a 70"^ apex angle 
at 30 MHz is about 690 ohms. 
(The vee is generally considered 
to be a 600-ohm antenna, so 
this is close to a match). The 
value of Input resistance in- 
creases to 780 ohms at 15 MHz 
but drops to 630 ohms at 50 
MHz. For design purposes. 690 
ohms can be selected as a repre- 
sentative average value of R(„ 
over the 15- to 50-MHz band. 

The value of is needed to 
specify the vee input balun. Be- 
cause the vee is a balanced radi- 
ating system, feeding it with an 


unbalanced coaxial cable re- 
quires a balun ta balanced to 
unbalanced transformer). 
Matching a 50-ohm transmitter 
to 690 ohms requires a 14:1 bal- 
un. which can be made by wind- 
ing magnet wire on a ferrite core 
or purchasing the component 
complete, 

A value for R^^ is also needed 
in the specification of each ter- 
minating resistor. Those values 
are RiJ2 (345 ohms for the de- 
sign example). Select the stan- 
dard value closest to 345 ohms. 
That value is not critical be- 
cause Rjj, changes with fre- 
quency. 

The tentative geometry for the 


20 


50 


60 


30 40 
ELEMEmr LENGTH (MFHRS) 
FIG. 6— OPTIMUM APEX ANGLE for sEoping-vee antennae plot of optimum angle vs. 
element length at three different frequencies. 


120 
110 

100 

MJ 

S 80 

m 

<i 70 
i 60 


1 


^i^UZO METERS- 


^4^0METERS 


to 


20 


50 


60 


30 40 
FBEQUEMCY (MHz) 

RG. 7— OPTIMUM APEX ANGLE for sloping-vee antenna; pJot of optimum angle vs. 
frequency for three different eiement lengths. 


m 

a 

3 

u 

2 


75 


m 


^ 750 

UJ 

^ 700 


600 


550 


500 


1 


10 


15 


20 


25 


50 


55 


30 35 ^0 45 
FHEOUENCY \fmi) 

RG. 8— PLOT OF INPUT RESISTANCE vs. frequency for a sloping-vee antenna 


60 m 


15- to 50-MHz vee Is shown In 
Fig, 9. Each radiating element 
is 62 feet (20 meters) long, and 
the apex angle Is 69"*. The re- 
quired separation at the ends of 
the elements can be calculated 
with trigomometry or plotted to 
scale on paper with a'protracton 
For the 69'*-apex angle, the ends 
of the elements must be 72,5 
feet apart. 

Step 3 — Radiadon Patterns 

An antenna is efficient only if 
it radiates signals with ade- 
quate gain in the desired direc- 
tion. The final step In the design 
of the vee is to compute its radi- 
ation patterns to verify that they 
meet the gain requirements. 
Software compatible with per- 
sonal computers Is available for 
this purpose from the source 
listed in Sources of Materials. 

Certain parameters such as 
feed-point height » termination 
height- and element length 
should be varied before writing 
a final antenna specification. 
Changing any of those param- 
elers will modify the radiation 
patterns. The design process is 
H complete when Ihe antenna ra- 
^ diates acceptable patterns. If a 
«S specific design doesn't meet re- 
g qui rements. the process should 
^ be repeated with new design val- 
3 ues until they are met, A re- 
1 petltive approach ensures a 
^ good design, and also gives the 
Gi designer insight into how an 
antennas performance changes 
76 with parameter differences. 


For the design example, an el- 
ement length of 20 meters was 
determined from the siting cri- 
terion. Missing are the design 
heights for the feed point and 
terminating resistors. Because 
the maximum height cannot ex- 
ceed 25 feet, it is convenient to 
start by assuming a feed-point 
height of 6 meters (19.5 feet) 
and a termination height at 
ground leveL The effectiveness 
of those choices will become 
clear as the radiation patterns 
are studied. 

Radiation patterns were cal- 
culated evei^' 5 MHz from 15 to 
50 MHz, the Intended operating 
range* with the tentative design 


values and element lengths of 
20. 40 and 60 meters. Although 
only the 20-meter element 
meets the 100 x 100 foot site 
limit, it's instructive to see how 
the pattern changes with longer 
elements. Figures 11, 12, and 13 
show the patterns at 15, 30, and 
50 MHz, Those frequencies 
mark the endpoints and mid 
portion of the desired band. In 
all three figures the mast height 
is 6 meters, the apex angle is 
69"", the diameter of the element 
is Vti inch and the termination Is 
689 ohms. 

Results at intermediate fre- 
quencies are not included here. 
The patterns were computed 
with the sioping-vee antenna lo- 
cated on rocky ground with a 
conductivity of 0.001 Siemens/ 
meter and a dielectric constant 
of 4. The patterns change if dif- 
ferent ground constants are as- 
sumed, so sensitivity to ground 
constants was also examined, 
although those results are not 
included here. 

Figure 10 shows the pattern 
at 15 MHz. The left vertical axis 
is the antenna power gain in 
dBi (decibels relative to an iso- 
tropic radiator, an antenna that 
radiates in all directions). The 
horizontal axis is the polar an- 
gle in degrees. Note that the pol- 
ar angle, not the take-off angle, 
is used on the horizontal scale. 
A polar angle of zero is a vertical 
with respect to the Earth 


F1Q.9—RKAL DIMENSIONED DESIGN for a stoping-vee antenna tliat can be set up on 
a too X too foot plot. 


(zenith), while 90*' is parallel to 
the Earth's surface (horizon)* 
TUke-off angles of interest, S"* to 
25°, correspond to polar angles 
of 82= to 65^ in the figure. The 
design objective is to obtain at 
least 0 dBl gain in a main lobe 
propagating generally between 
polar angles of GS"" to 82^ 

The main lobe maximum gain 
at 15 MHz Is -1.5 dBi at 57=' for 
the 20-meter element- The lobe 
is broad, and the gain rolls off 
slowly on either side of the max- 
imum. The -3 dB points are at 
about 32'' and 74^ The highest 
gain, L5 dBi, is obtained with 
the 40-meter element in a broad 
main lobe that shows minor 
scalloping (sidelobing) near 
40*, The pattern for the 60* 
meter element shows signs of 
breaking up — a signilicant sec* 
ondary lobe is forming near IS"*. 

The 30-MHz pattern (Fig. 11) 
is Interesting because all three 
elements produce a maximum 
gain of about 4 dBi, and their 
main lobe structures are very 
similar The lobes are broad and 
smooth between 40° and 88° 
and the -3 dB points are near 
55' and 82^ The 40- and 60- 
meter elements show consid- 
erable pattern scalloping be- 
tween 0" and 40^ but the 20- 
meter element Is electrically too 
short to develop a highly struc- 
tured pattern. 

Scalloping is due to con- 
structive and destructive inter- 
ference between direct rays 
from the antenna and rays re- 
flected from the Earths surface* 
Electrically long antennas (mea- 
sured in wavelengths) arc more 
susceptible to scalloping than 
shorter ones, Sideiobes waste 
energy by radiating it in un- 
desired directions. Good anten- 
na designs, therefore, minimize 
sideiobes as much as possible. ^ 

The 50-MHz vee pattern is ^ 
shown In Fig* 12, The main lobe |^ 
is again similar for the three ele- ^ 
ment lengths. Maximum gain is 3 
about 6.5 dBi near 77' (13^ take- IS 
off), and the -3 dB points are at CD 
approximately 70"^ and 83^ The | 
main lobes are smooth and nar- | 
rower than they are at the lower S 
frequencies. The 20-meter ele- ^ 
ment is beginning to show ^ 
some scalloping. It has a peak 
sldelobe gain of -2 dBi at 50'K 77 


However, the 40- and 60-meter 
antenna elements show more 
scalloping and even higher side- 
lobe gains. 

An assessment of the pat- 
terns supports the conclusion 
that a vec antenna with 20- 
meter elements fed at a 6-meter 
height with a 69'' apex and 
ground-level terminating re- 
sistors meets the objectives. 
Gain could be Improved at the 
Jow end of the band with a lon- 
ger radiating element, but that 
could violate the site limit. 

The actual dimensions se- 
lected for the vee antenna are 
those of Fig, 9, A shorting wire 
connects the terminating re- 
sistors (which might or might 
not be connected to actual 
Earth ground]. That wire* a cur- 
rent path between the resistors, 
is very important. In an ideal 
vee, the resistors are connected 
to a perfect ground plane that 
provides the current path. 
Omitting the shorting wire in a 
vee movinted on poorly con- 
ducting ground degrades per- 
formance significantly 

Antenna Construction and 
Measured VSWR 

The antenna shown in Fig. 9 
was built and tested on rocky 
ground in New England. It was 
fed through a 14:1 baJun wound 
with 18 AWG magnet wire on a 
2-inch outside diameter toroi- 
dal ferritc core. The turns ratio 
is the square root of the imped- 
ance ratio (in this case 3.75:1), 
The balun was wound with 2 
turns in its primary and 7.5 
turns in its secondary. If the 
sloping-vec is to transmit, the 
balun should be tested for 
power handling by operating at 
full power for several hours. Any 
problems that might develop 


SECONDARY 
PRIMARY 


TO 


2 TURNS 


SECOr^DARY 
' PRIMARY 


, T0 50-0HM 
' DUMMY LOAD 


2 TURNS 


7.5 TURNS 7.5TURMS 
BALUN 1 BAimi 

FIG. 13— BACK-TO-BACK INSERTION 
LOSS TEST of baluRS for sloping -vee an- 
tenna. 


I 1 1 


BALUH 


RADIjffiriG ELEMENT 


SHORTING 
WIRE 


HZ3) VSWR X 
COAXIAL FEED CALIBRATIOM " 
CABLE RG-213AJ POINT 


30 35 4€ 
FHH3UENCY {mi\ 

RG. 14^L0T OF VSWR VS. FREQUENCY for sloping-vee antenna with d^aroc- 
teristics shown. 


SOURCES OF MATERIALS 
The following companies are 
sources for materials and com- 
puter software for this project: 

• ToroldaJ ferrite cores {Part No, 
FT240-43)— Radio Kit, Inc., RO, 
Box 973, Pelham, NH 03076, (603) 
635-2235 

• Film power resistors^ — Power 
Film Systems, Inc., Yellvilfe, AR 
72687; (501) 449-4091 

• Antenna design software — 
Phedean Engineering Co., InCp 
P,0, Box 611, Shrewsbury, MA 
01545, (508) 869-6077 

• Phosphor-bronze wire— Astro 
Industries. Inc., Dayton. OH 
43432, (800) 543-5810 

• Fiberglass tubing — J. T Ryer- 
son Co., R 0, Box 1111, Boston, 
MA 02103, (617) 782-6900 


such as transmitter overheat- 
infi and arcing will show up. 

The simplest way to test a bal- 
un is to build two and connect 
them back- to-back as in F\g. 13, 
One balun is connected to the 
transmitter and the oiiier is 
connected to a 50-ohm dummy 
load- This setup can also test for 
insertion loss by measuring the 
input and output power. The in- 
sertion loss in decibels for one 
balun is 5 log]0 (output power/ 
input power). The measured in- 
sertion loss of the balun in this 
this vee was a low L5 dB, 


The 6-meter antenna mast 
was a single 20-foot section of 
round 2-inch diameter Extren 
500 fiberglass tubing with '/i- 
inch wall thickness. This mute- 
rial Is strong, durable, and easy 
to machine, Extren 500 is avail- 
able as round and square tub- 
ing, right-angle stock, flat 
stock, and I-beams in various 
sizes, A suitable base for a self- 
supporting mast can be made 
from those materials. 

Alternatively, the fiberglass 
mast can be guyed at several 
points. The balun, eye-hook 
strain reliefs for the vee radiat- 
ing elements, and the input 
coaxial connector were 
mounted as shown in Fig. 9. If 
fiberglass tubing for the mast is 
not readily available or it costs 
more than you want to spend 
(about S4 per foot), other suit- 
able insulating materials such 
as thick -wall polyvinyl chloride 
(PVCJ tubing is a good sub- 
stitute. 

Other less expensive mast al- 
ternatives include wood beams 
or even Imng trees. 

The antenna radiating ele- 
ments were 62-foot lengths of 
uninsulated 7 x 19 stranded 
phosphor-bronze wire with a dl- 
ameter of */H-inch, Stranded 
contimied on page 100 


Receive amateur TV signals on a standard TV 
with our iow-noise downconverten 


Doumconverter 


WILLIAM SHEETS and RUDOLF R GRAF 


YDU CAN RECEI\Tl AMATEUR TV SIG- 

nals on a standard TV receiver 
with our Inexpensive ATV 
downconverten The downcon- 
verier converts the 420-450 
MHz ATV band, which is several 
channels below the lower limit 
of the UHF band, to channel 3 or 
4 for viewing on virtually any 
TV The downconverter has a 
low-nolse preamplifier stage 
and a double-balanced passive 
mixer for good performance and 
a wide dynamic range. Thai is 
necessar>' with todays crowded 
UHF bands. The converter 
draws about 27 miUiamperes 
from a 13,2-volt DC source, so it 
can be used in portable and 
mobile applications. An extra IF 
stage gives an overall gain of 
about 25 dB. 

Circuitjy 

Figure 1 is a block diagram of 
the downconverter It consists 


of three active slages and a pas- 
sive diode double-balanced mix- 
en The input signal is first fil- 
tered so that only signals 
centered around 430 MH/ are 
fed to Q 1 , an RF amplifier w ith a 
20-dB gain and a noise figure of 
L5 dB. Qi is an NEC 25137 gal- 
lium-arsenide field-effect tran- 
sistor, or GaAsFET The ampli- 
fied signal in the 420-^50 MHz 
range Is fed to a double-luned 
bandpass filter. The overall 
bandwidth of the RF stage is 
about 12 MHz, which is suffi- 
cient to cover the most fre- 
quently used part of the ATV 
band (426-439 MHz) without 
retuning. For operation over the 
entire 420-450 MHz band, you 
may have to repeak the filters to 
tune in weak signals. 

The amplified signals are 
mixed by a diode double-bal- 
anced mixer with an oscillator 
signal (generated by Q2) that is 


nominally 60-70 MHz lower 
than the received frequency. A 
2-dB pad is used between the 
osclUator and mixer to reduce 
interaction* The IF output from 
the mixer is fed to a low-pass 
filter that cuts off at about iOO 
MHz, That reduces UHF signal 
feedthrough. Amplifier Q3 
boosts the IF signal at 60 or 66 
MHz (channel 3 or 4) by about 
-H 15 dB. The output of Q3 is fed 
to the TV receiver being used as 
an IF amplifier 

Figure 2 shows the schematic 
of the downconverten The input 
signal from J 1 is applied to a tap 
on LI, the input (antennal coil. 
LI is nominally a 3- turn coil and 
the tap is at % turn so that the 
voltage applied from Jl is 
stepped up four times. Capaci- 
tor CI tunes LI to resonance, 
and Is also connected to gate 1 of 

Capacitors C3 and C4 provide 


FTG. 1~00WNC0NVERTER BLOCK DIAGRAM. H consists of tti me active stages and a 
passive diode cloyble~batanc#d mlxen 


J2 

ouTPirr 


I 


8 
I 

UJ 

80 


FIG. 2— DOWNCONVERTER SCHEMATtC, The input signal rrom J1 Is applied to a tap 
on LI. Capacitor C1 tunes LI to resonance and passes the signal to 01 » an NEC 2St37 
GaAsFET. 


RF bypassing for the source of 
Ql, and Rl provides self-bias for 
Ql. Gate 2 of Ql is biased by 
network R2. R3 and R4. An ex- 
ternal gain-control signal 


(which is usually not required) 
can be applied to the junction of 
R3 and R4 if it becomes neces- 
saiy to reduce the gain of the 
converter on very strong sig- 


SEE TEXT 


nals. A DC voltage of +6 volts 
will cause full gain, and -6 
volts will cause nearly a - 40-dB 
reduction in gain. The voltage 
can be derived from an AGC cir- 
cuit, if necessary, but a potenti- 
ometer can also be used. 
Capacitor C2 provides RF 


J1 

INPUT 


J1 


DOWN 

CONVERTER 


TO RIO * 
(REMOVE Rl 4) 
SEE Fia2 
REMOTE 
TUNING 

2-m 


,01 mF 


J3 


t4-24VDC 


uPToaor 


IF OUT 

+ 12V 
MAINCONVERTEi 
StJPPLY 


m 

1H759 * 
12VZEHER DIODE 

R21 

IK ^ 


FATHER PfiOOF 
ANTENNA BOX 


C34 X 

.oimF 


R20 
IK 


C33 


TRANSMI^IOH 
LINE 
(R^AAJ) 
{R659A/U) 
CONNEaOR 
iBNCORn 


R2Z 
12K 


R23 
lOK 
CONVEHTtR 
TUNING 


L11 , 

i8^H : 

CHOKE 


4( 4> 


C35 
.OOIhF 


J4 

TO TV RECEIVER 
cm OR CH4 


C3& 
IOOhF" 


07 


CONVERTER 
POWER SUPPLY 
26V 


TUNING ( 

BOX 


Fia 3— THE DOWNCONVERTER can be supplied with an external DC voltage for 
remote-control tuning. 

f 


A 


G (J 
O O 
REMOTf 


COPPER 
FOIL 

TAPE ™ 


.TUNING 
^ IF USED 


I 


INPUT j 


in G t 


USE imm 

R14 

POSIliON 


w I! 


RG. 4^PARTS-PLACEMEHT DTAGRAM. Thfs Vayout must t>e followed exactly to dupli- 
cate the performance of the down converter. Some components mount on the solder 
side of the board as shown in Rg* 6. 


grounding for gate 2 of Ql» and 
R5 reduces any UHF parasitic 
oscillattons. The drain ofQl is 
connected to a tap on L2, which 
is part of the bandpass filter net- 
work. Capacitors C7 and C8 
provide RF grounding for the 
cold end of L2. DC bias is fed 
through R6, Under normal con- 
ditions* the drain pin of Ql will 
be at + 10 to +11 volts DC. 


Capacitor CIO couples the 
signal from the first tuned cir- 
cuit (C5-L21 to the second tuned 
circumC6-L3). The vakteof CIO 
is very small (0,6 pF): It deter- 
mines the degree of coupling be- 
tween L2 and L3. It is made 
from a small piece of PC board 
material and is mounted on the 
bottom of the main board, Asig- 
nal from a tap on L3 Is fed via 


test jumper JUl to mixer ML 
The local oscillator (L.O.) signal 
from Q2 Is also fed to the mixer 
IVansistor 92 is the local os- 
cillator for which R13, Dl, C14, 
and C16 provide a stabilised 9 
volts DC/ Because Q2 is a PNP 
transistor, it allows the collector 
to be DC grounded, which is an 
advantage in this type of os- 
cillator circuit. Resistors R7 
and R8 provide base bias for Q2, 
Cll provides a solid RF ground 


PARTS LIST 


All resistors are Wwatt, 5%, un- 
less otherwise noted. 

R1— 180 ohms 

R2— 100,000 Ohms 

R3, R4— 220,000 Ohms 

RS— 10 ohms 

R6—220 ohms 

R7— 6800 ohms 

R8— 2200 ohms 

R9~330 ohms 

RIO— 10,000 ohms 

R11— ISohms 

R12— 390 ohms 

R13, R15^70 Ohms. V4-watt 

R1 4— 10,000 ohmSi potentiometer 
with shaft 

R16— 1000 ohms 

R17— *70O Ohms 

R18 — 470 Ohms 

Capacitors 

CI, 05, 06, 09—2-^10 pF trimmer 
C2-04, 07, Oil, 014, 025^70 
pR chip 

Ce, C20, 026, 027—0.01 disc 
CIO — 0.6 pF (mus! be handmade, 
text) 

CI 2—1 pF, NPO disc or chip 
C13— 3.3 pF, NPO disc or chip 
CIS— 10 M-R 16 volts; electrolytic 
C16, 018^9 pF NPO disc 
C17— 68pR NPO disc 
CI 9-^70 pR disc 


021— 18pR NPO drsc 

C22— 56pRNPOdiSC 

C23— 10 pR NPO disc 

C24 — 470 jaR 16 volts, electrolytic 

Semiconductors 

D1, D4— 1N757A Zener diode 

D2— MV2103 varactor diode 

D:^1N4007 diode 

01— 25137 GaAsFET (NEC) 

02— MPSH8t NPN transistor 

03— 2N3563 NPN transistor 
Other components 

LlH_a— 3 turns of 20 AWG tinned 
Wire (approx. 0.025 ^JtH. see Fig. 
5} 

LA — part of PC board etching, see 
text 

L5— 18 M^H RF choke 

L5, L7— a turns of 22 AWG enam- 
eled wire wound on No. 8 screw 
(approx. 0.095 |iH, see Rg. 5) 

L6— 9'^ turns of 22 AWG enameled 
wife wound on No, 8 screw, with 
fenite slug (see Frg. 5) 

Ml— MCL SBM mixer 

Jt, J2— F connector 

Miscellaneous: PC board, yie-inch 
copper-foil tape, coaxial cable, 
project case, 12.6-volt DC power 
supply, solder, etc. 

Note: The following items are 
available from North Country 


Radio, P.O. Box 53. Wykagyl 
Station, New Rochelle, New 
York 10804: 

• A kit of parts to build the 
downconverter (Includes PC 
board and all parts that mount 
on U, J1 and J2, and wire to 
wind all inductors (metal case 
and power supply not in- 
cluded)— S59.50 ^ S3,50S&H 
{Note that none of the parts 
shown in Fig, 3 are included 
with the downconverter kit,) 

• Metal case as shown- 
$12,50 

• 2-watt ATV transmitter kit 
wi^ a 439-25-MHz crystal fsee 
Radto-Electronics. June and 
July 1989)— $110 - S3 50 S&H 

• A 0.5-watt, 9-volt transmitter 
kit with a 439.25-MHz cfystal— 1 
S112 ^ S3.50 S&H ' 

• Linear amplifier kit to boost 
the output of ATV transmitter to 
15 watts (see Radio-Elec- 
tronics, August 1992)— $79.50 
+ $3.50 S&H 

• Crystals for channels 14, 15, 
16, 17, or 18 (for test purposes 
only)^S7.50 each 

New York residents must add 
sales tax. 


COMPONENT SIDE FOIL PATTERN. 

for the base of Q2, and R9 pro- 
vides emitter bias. Nominal cur- 
rent through Q2 is about 5 to 6 


SOLDER SIDE FOIL PATTERN. 


mtiliamperes. Capacitors C12 
and C13 provide a feedback net- 
work for Q2. 


Components C9 and L4 (a 
length of mlcrostrJp line etched 
on the PC board), together with 


C23 and varactor diode D2. 
form a circuit that can be tuned 
via the bias on D2 over the 
range of 350 to 390 MHz. de- 
pending on the setting of C9. 
Therefore, 92 will oscillate over 
that frequency range, because 
positive feedback is provided by 
C12 and C13, and Q2 acts as a 
grounded-base amphfien Os- 
cillator output is taken ttirough 
R17 and R12 to mixer ML The 
level at terminal L of the mixer is 
about 0.3 volt RMS, Resistor 
Rl 1 is connected to a tap on L4. 
which also provides bias return 
for the collector of Q2, because 
11 is at DC ground. 

The output from mixer Ml at 
60 to 70 MHz (the difference fre- 
quency between received signal 
and L.O. frequency) appears at 
mixer terminal X. There is 
about a 7-dB loss in the mixer 
Coil L5 provides a DC return for 
the mixer IF port. A low-pass fil- 
ter made up of C 16. L6. C 1 7, L7. 
and C18 eliminates any remain- 
ing UHF signal components ap- 
pearing at terminal X. Tran- 
sistor Q3 is an IF amplifier 
stage, which is biased by R13» 
Ri4. and R15 to a Vce of 8 volts 
and a collector current of about 
8 mA. TYined circuit L8. C2L 
and C22 can be tuned to either 
channel 3 or 4. The signal from 
the low-pass filter is coupled to 
Q3's base via C 1 9 . Tl^slstor 93 
provides about a l5-dB gain; its 
output signal appears at J2, 
Power for the downconverter is 
supplied through D3. which 
protects against reverse volt- 
ages, and C24 and C26, which 
bypass and noise. 

Resistor RIO couples DC bias 
to D2 supplied from tuning-po- 
tentiometer R14. Components 
R16. D4, and C25 provide 9- 
volts DC for that purpose. If de* 
sired, RIO can be supplied \vith 
external DC for remote-control 
tuning, or to allow the down- 
converter to be mounted close to 
the antenna. That is commonly 
done to reduce transmission- 
line losses between the antenna 
and converter — losses run high 
at 450 MHz unless very expen- 
sive transmission line, such as 
'/2-inch hard line* is used. If you 
arc planning on remote-control- 
ling the converter, install R14 so 
it's easy to move* 


FIG, 5--COILS LI, L2, AND 1.3 are three turns eacli of 20 AWG tinned wire wound 
around a Ho, 8 screw and stretched to 0.3 inch. The lead from J1 has its center 
conductor soldered to LI st turn from the grounded end. Resistor is soldered 
turns from the end of L2 that connects to R6, 07, and CS. Coll L3 Is tapped at 1 turn from 
the grounded end. Colts L6 and L7 are 6 turns each of 22 AWG enamelled wire wound 
on a No, 8 screw. Coil L3 Is turns of 72 AWG enamelled wire wound on a No. 8 screw 
with a ferrlte tuning slug added. 


FIG. 6^ALL CHIP CAPACITORS, ao (see Fig. 8). and Q1 mount on the solder side of 
the board* The markings on 01 face the component side of the board. 


I 


JO 


3 

8 
z 


83 


IS HOE 


/ 

PIECE or WIRE 


PC BOARD 


WRAP fOlL TAPE 

arouhd edge area of pc- 


BOARD AHD SOLDER ALL AROUND. 


RG. 7— ALL HOLES MARKED "G" Ifi Rg. 4 must have jumper wires passed through 
them that are soldered on both sides of the PC board as shown here. Also, both sides 
of the board must be grounded together with copper^foil tape as shown. 


RG, 8— TO MAKE C10. take a small 
square of G-10, 0.062-inch PC board ma- 
terial and trim it to a Vi 6-inch square. In- 
stall it on the solder side of the board in 
the iocation shown fn Fig, 6. 


RG. 10— PEAK THE CONVERTER for a 
response as shown here. By trimming 
CIO with a file you can experiment with 
the coupling and resultant bandpass 
shape* 


Ra 9— THE AUTHOR'S PROTOTYPE. The converter should be mounted in a metal 
box, weatherproof if outdoor use is intended. 


Figure 3 shows how J2 can be tlie ATV receiver station. The ca- 
connected to a long coaxial ble is isolated from ground and 
transmission line that runs to can therefore cany a DC volt- 


age. The DC voltage is im- 
pressed on the cable as follows: 
A nominal 26-voll power source 
at the ATV receiver station is 
connected to Q?, a 2N2222 NPN 
transistor used as an emitter- 
follower. Resistors R22 and R23 
produce a variable voltage of 14 
to 26 volts at the base of Q7, 
whose emitter will follow the 
voltage. Power is supplied to the 
cable through Lll. and by vary-' 
ing potentiometer R23* the volt-i 
age applied via R22 to the cable 
at J3 can be adjusted between 
14 and 24 volts. Capacitor C35 
prevents any DC voltage from 
appearing at J4. 

The DC voltage is taken off 
the cable via the ISp-H RF choke 
LID. Capacitors C30 and C31 re- 
move noise from the DC voltage 
and provide an RF ground. 
Positive voltage is fed to the 
downconverter via the cablets 
center conductor and the outer 
shield serves as the negative 
supply lead; It is grounded to 
the case and ground foil. 

The DC input is fed to D6, a 
l2-volt Zener diode (a 1N759 
can be used). Capacitors C33 
and C34 filter any noise from 
the voltage which wiU be 12 volts 
less than the voltage on the 
coaxial transmission line ( + 14 
to +24 volts), or +2 to +12 
volts DC. That is fed to RIO, 
which feeds the tuning voltage 
to the dowTiconverter varactor. 
By varying the DC voltage on the 
transmission line between + 14 
and +24 volts, not only can the 
downconverter be powered, but 
it can be remotely tuned to a 
desired frequency as well. 

Note that the components 
shown in Fig. 3 are not part of 
the downconverter board, and 
they are used only if remote op- 
eration is required. 

Construction 

The PC board material (G-10* 
0*062 inch thick glass epoxy) 
and layout must be followed ex- 
actly to duplicate the perfor* 
mance of the downconverten 
The stray capacitance, coupling 
between elements, and L4 are 
all integrated into the design of 
the board. Any layout devia- 
tions can change those specifi- 
cations. The foil patterns are 
continued on page 109 


HARDWARE HACKER 


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HON LANCASTER 


Oh. the times, they are a- 
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ately. Lets start off with some of 
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Heathkit has recently discon- 
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electronic kits. Its the end of an era 
for sure. 

But a funky little outfit called 
Musty Manuals is setting out to 
stock and make available all of 
those older Heath assembly books 
and instruction manuals. And lots of 
exciting hacker kits are being made 
available from such outfits as PAIA. 
Old Colony, and Micru Mint Plus, 
of course, through several of the 
advertisers in this magazine. 

The technical paperback book 
field (especially the non-computer 
titles) is clearfy not well Sams is 
essentially gone, bought out by 
Macmillan and triaged into an eth- 
ereal shadow of what once was the 
most respected and diversified 
technical book publishers in the 
world. 748 has been purchased by 
McGraw-Hill and become a subsidi- 
ary. I have been getting plenty of 
helpline complaints about several 
sources that offer dated and inaccu- 
rate titles. Believe it or not. your IRS 
is now paying publishers to shred 
books, especially old technical pa- 
perbacks, through an obscurB in- 
ventory ruling that has totally 
decimated long-term back lists and 
older technical titles. 

But — an incredibly exciting new 
opportunity called Book^on-de- 
mand publishing is emerging in 
which you can pnDduce first-quafity 
paperback and hardback books lit- 
erally on your kitchen table when 
and as f/jeyare ordensd. WiEh a "for- 
ever" backlist, no IRS inventory 
penalties, and no lower limit to the 
total number of sellable volumes 
needed. And it also includes such 


exciting possibilities as a 90-per- 
cent authors royalty and rapid CD- 
ROM distribution. Much more on 
this on GEnie PSRT. 

Very alarmingly, some community 
colleges are cutting back on or out- 
right eliminating their electronics 
departments. And many electronic 
service and repair trade journals 
have vanished without a trace. 

But — we now have got the richest 
and most incredible variety of cheap 
new chips to play with. Anywhere. 
Ever, We have major breakthroughs 
in hacker drrect^oner printed cir- 
cuits. We have a brand-new Elec- 
tronics Now format with new 
features and fresh ideas that con- 
tinues the oldest ongoing elec- 
tronics magazine publishing house. 
And we are something like a scant 
eight years away from hardware that 
can surpass the human brain in logic 
and analysis capabilities., 

Right now is certainly the great- 
est time everto be getting into hard- 
ware hacking in a very big way. 

Electronic halftones 

I've recently been playing around 
with the new LaserWriter G and am 
very impmssed with its new ability 
to print medium- to high-quality pho- 
to halftones. So, I thought we might 
review what is involved in the laser 
printing of photos in general, and 
see just why Apple's neat 
PhotoCrade process seems to beat 
out brute-force methods — and how 
we can do even better. 

NEED HELP? 

Phone or write your Hardware 
Hacker questions directly to: 

Don Lancaster 

Synergetics 

Box 809 

Thatcher, A2 85552 
(602) 428-4073 


Many of those previous-genera- 
tion laser printers were 300-DPI de- 
vices, capable of placing or not 
placing 300 whole dots per inch uni- 
formly along any one selected laser 
scan line. That translates to 90.000 
dots per square inch, or a tad over 8 
million dots on a standard page. If a 
dot is only black or white, it can 
usually be represented on the page 
bitmap or in your frame device as a 
single bit. Thus, around a megabyte 
worth of memory must be reserved 
for your full-page bitmap at 300-DPi 
resolution. 

The obvious big dilemma in rais- 
ing your laser-printer resolution is 
this: As you go frcim 300 DPI to 
1200 DPI, you could end up requir- 
ing sixteen times the memory! And 
your page makeup times could end 
up sixteen times as long! Yet 
"mone" resolution is perceived to 
be a big user need. Or is it? 

Actually, laserprinting resolution 
is pretty near as highly overrated as 
Peterbilt tnjcks or teenage sex. But 
that's another story for another 
time. I strong^ feel that higher reso- 
luHon is not worth losing genuine 
Adobe Level II PostScript, duplex 
printing options, lowper-page print* 
ing costs, mainstream technology, 
good third-party supply sources, lo- 
cal hard-disk support, or any sleep. 

A pooriy scanned photo (or one 
that s not pnoperiy histogram equal- 
ized) will end up looking even worse 
on the premium machines. ^ 

One zero-cost way to increase ? 
your printer s resolution when you'd g- 
like "camera ready" art for conven- H 
tional printing; Just work oversize ^ 
and then photoneduce. Most of my 
Hardware Hacker figures are ^ 
printed at 133 percent normal size 3 
and are then reduced here for an g 
effective resolution of a scant 400 ^ 
DPI. Yet I feel they look as good as i 
most of the other technical figures. 

An easy way of making a 300-DPI 85 


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FIG. 1— A LASER PRINTER can fake a halftone by grouping dots Into a larger "celL" In 
this example, a 3 - 3 pijtel array forms a cell that can have ten gray levels, including 
black and white. On a 300-DPI printer, this would form a "100 line, 0 degree" halftone 
screen* 


cepts and stores a few of the scan 
fines on their final way out to the 
laser scanner By analyzing a nnatrij< 
foimed FrDm the nearby dots on ear- 
Iter and later lines, certain dot posi- 
tions are delayed by one-half a dot 
following a smoothing algorithm. 
The result is a really big improve- 
ment in most typography and some 
graphics, especially for rBproducing 
slanted lines. 

Despite all the hype, the circuitry 
involved is simple and cheap. And it 
can end up totally independent of 
the imaging model or language in 
use. 

But plain old smoothing can't help 
halftone photos, and it may even 


to 


printer look belter is to do a plain old 
smoothing job. That concept was 
pioneered by Hewlett-Packard as 
Resolution Enhancement Tech* 
nology. 

Apple (and many also-rans) have 
copied this idea. On the LaserWriter 
G, Apple calls it FlnePrint. 

The smoothing is -done by a 
custom integrated circuit that inter- 


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FIG. 2— THE AVAILABLE SPOT PATTERNS for a typical 300-DPI PostScript pnnter. 
Note that ttiese are th© ONLY dense patterns available. You'll get one of these re- 
gardless of what you ask (or Note the perfect tiling. 


luft. Let's look further at.,. 

The halftone process 

There is only one method to print 
something that is truly gray on the 
>age. And that is to use gray ink. 
Xnd each different shade of true 
jray will need a different gray ink 
md another pass through the print- 
ng press. Since this is clearly not 
jood. printers have long used a 
lalftone process instead. 

The halftone process consists of 
3rinting lots of different- sized black 
iots very near to each other The 
iots are carefully spaced to be less 
:han the ^'s angular resolution, 
nstead of seeing the rndividual 
liotSn your eye averages out the 
□lack dots and the white back- 
ground and perceives an average 
gray level. The higher the ratio of 
^hite to black, the lighter the gray, 
and vice versa- Let's try it out. Look 
at a gray portion of any black and 
white photograph or tint box in this 
magazine. While it looks gray with 
the naked eye* under a nnagnifymg 
glass you'll see all the little dots that 
make up the /la/ftone. The dots are 
aJI black. 

To print any photograph, a special 
screen is used on the litho camera 
to convert gray values Into collec- 
tions of black dots of varying size. 

Traditional printers will spec their 
screen size as the number of half- 
tone spots per inch. Sonne popular 
ones include 85 spots per inch for 
tabloid news and the 120 spots per 
inch for most magazines of Elec- 
tronics Now quality. 

Even higher spot densities are 
used on premium magazines. But 
they require special inks, coated pa- 
pers, and extreme attention to de- 
tail. Note that even the higfjest spot 
densities used are nowhere near 
300 spots per inch! 

A second halftone parameter is 
called the screen angie^ It turns out 
that the human eye is very good at 
picking out horizontal and vertical 
lines, but rather poor on resolving 
diagonals. Since the halftone pro- 
cess introduces visual artifacts, it is 
often best to set your black-and- 
white screens on a 45-degrHe an- 
gle. In color printing, the halftone 
screen angles become even rnore 
critical if they are to eliminate objec- 
tionable Moire patterns. 


Several methods can be used to 
fake halftone screens on laser 
printers. One method is to group all 
the possible laser dot positions into 
larger spots that I II call a ceiL Figure 
1 shows you how a 300- DPI printer 
can use nine dots to make cells of 
100 spots per inch. This particular 
cell has a screen angle of zero. As 
you can see, there are ten possible 
gray levels here, including black and 
white. 

We can immediatety see that we 
could use 36 dots to form 50-spot- 
per-inch cells. And those cells 
would give us 37 possible grays. 
Clearly, w/e have a tradeoff between 
the number of cells per inch and the 
number of available grays. Use too 
few cells per inch, and youll end up 
with the "Sunday Funnies" effect 
with very grainy dots. Use too few 
grays, and you wrill so/anze with ob- 
vious (and often objectionable) 
steps between each possible gray 
level. 

The gray-level resolution of your 
eye depends on context and con- 


trast, but a number slightly over 256 
gray levels is possible. But. be- 
cause of the stupendous costs of 
exceeding 256 grays, most experts 
agree that eight bits of gray scale 
resolution is enough even for pre- 
mium images. Television some- 
times might get by with as few as six 
bits, good for a mere 64 gray levels. 

The obvious next question is 
"How good can our halftones image 
at an unenhanced resolution of 300 
DPI?" Ignoring the obvious answer 
of "Not good enough." we'll then 
go on to ask "What can we do about 
it?" 

PostScript to the rescue 

I have found that the PostScript 
generaUpurpose computer lan- 
guage has some really great ap- 
proaches to electronic halftones. 
Those involve their setscreen and 
image operators, among many 
others. PostScript uses some imag- 
ing f//es that determine the screen 
angles and frequencies. Since 
these screen tiles must all abut 


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each other perfectly and still must 
obey integer (whole numbers oniy) 
math, there are very definite limits 
lo which 300-DPI tiles are and ane 
not possible. If you ask for some 
halftone cell angle or frequency thai 
is simply not physically possible, 
PostScript will substitute the near- 
est handy one. 

Figure 2 shows you the available 
denser halftone cells as used on 
most popular 300-DPI PostScript 
printers. Figure 3 shows you the 
secrEt gray map for all of the "hid- 
den" PostScript grays. 

Typical PostScript users and 
most applications packages blindly 
insist on using the seventeenth 
most putrid PostScript gray avail- 
able. While this is often incorrectly 
called a 60- DPI screen, its effective 
resolution is only 53 dota per inch. 
There ane 33 grays with this default 
screen. 

That sort of explains the "Sunday 
Funnies" effect of most poor^ done 
PostScript screens. And one of the 
biggest reasons why' people feel 


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they need "more" resolution. When 
in feet, their grays can all get in- 
stantly and dramatically improved 
by using a few dozen keystrokes! 

Ferinstance, the best PostScript 
300 DPI halftone screen for typical 
graphics is a 106 DPI, 45-degree 
one which gives you absolutely 
beauttful grays. Sadly you'll only get 
ten of those grays, but the lightest 
ones are very good for graphics. 

Two other quite useful 300 DPI 
secret PostScript grays of interest 
are the 85-line and SS-degree '^re- 
progray" useful for oversize cam- 


era-ready art. and the 135-lsne, 2 
degree "india ink wash" gray. Tf 
latter gives you only six gray leve 
and requires a car^eful selection 
toner and paper. But the results a 
stunning. 

One way to do a best PbstScri 
gray is to enter these keystrokes ^ 
PostScript commands,.. 
106 45 dup mul exch dup mul 
add J.O exch sub setscneen 

The first number is your cell fr 
quency: the second is your angi 
The details of where and how yt 
enter these code lines depend c 


so 


BS 


60 


BB 


70 


75 


60 


85 


U 

c 


90 


k 


m 

a. 


95 


in 


o 


100 


■D 


C 


105 


2* 


110 


c 


o 


"O 


115 


c 


<v 


«) 

^ 


120 


125 


130 


135 


140 


145 


150 


17S 


210 


300 


37 39' 42 


26 


17 


10 


27 


35 


3D 


42' 


33 


26 


21 


18 


19 


11 


14 


number of gray 
levals, including 
black and white, 
for each region 


0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 
Screen angle in degrees 

FIG. 3— THE TOP SECRET GRAY MAP for a 300-DPI PostScript printer. Most users and 
most application packages insist on using the seventeenth most putrid of the avail* 
able grays. The t>est graphics gray is 106 DPI al 45 degrees. 


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{too DPI. 0 degree halftone ceil shown) 

RG. 4— BOTH QMS AND IBM/LEXMARK chose the ^'brute force" 600-DPI method to 
improve their PostScnpt photo halftones. The original 1Q0-DPJ spots a I towed 10 gray 
levels; the new ones allow 37. There Is a 4 x speed and 4 y- memory penalty for the 
modest (but certamiy welcome) improvement. 


-S' bitmap bitmap '2' bitmap 'V bitmap 

(100 DPI, 0 degree halftone cells shown) 

FIG. 5-*THE APPLE LASERWRITER G remains at 300 DPI, but it uses four bitmap 
memory planes that allow one of sixteen pixel dot sizes. That permits 144 gray levels at 
100 DPI for good- to better-grade photo halftones. Or 128 gray levels at the more 
popular 106 DPI and 45 degree screen. 


your PdstScript pnogramnning style 
or the applications package you 
have. Call me if you need any further 
help on this. 

No. none of those screens can 
give you any high-quality halftone 
photos. But the 75-line screen can 
give you a recognizable "auto shop- 
per" quality photograph. Especially 
if the scanned image has been prop- 
erly histogram-equafized. 

Three key points: The halftone 
dots used in everyday printing are 
much coarser than 300 DPL Some 
excellent graphic PostScript grays 
are available at 300 DPI. They need 


only a few dozen simple keystrokes 
for their activation. And our halftone 
photo quality, when given any prop- 
eriy image processed input, doesn ' t 
miss by that much. 

So we can potentially add only a 
little to 300 DPI and gam enor- 
mously on halftone photo quality. 
Both QMS and IBM/Lexmark 
picked the brute force method. As 
Fig. 4 shows us, they switched to a 
600 DPI double resolution and then 
swallowed the 4:1 speed and menri- 
ory penalties. At 100 cells per inch, 
you now have 37 gray levels. Or 50 
gray levels at an SS-cells-per-inch 


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density. That could make the dif- 
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bad photo halftones. Especially 
given a proper digital image pro- 
cessing. 

Apple has chosen the mane ele- 
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Fig. 5. They remained at 300 DPI, 
but added three extra bitmap mem- 
ory planes for a total of four. Then 
they modulated their laser dot size 
to one of sixteen values. You now 
can have sixteen times as many po- 
tential gray levels as you did at 300 
DPI with only a single memory 
plane. At 106 DPI you now have a 
much better 129 gray levels avail- 
able. That is equal to a brute force 
resolution of 1200 DPI! 

Thene is only a negligible speed 
penalty, since all four memory 
planes are written in parallel by 


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custom-designed LSI chips. And 
while you retain the same 4 x mem- 
ory penalty as a brute force 600 x 
600. you1l get four times the effec- 
live resolution! 

The result? Good to better photo 
halftones out of any plain old 300- 
DPI laser-printer engine. Especially 
With premium toner and properly 
scanrted image processing. The 
PhotoGrade is also upgradable on 
older NT and NTX printers with a 
simple plug-in board. 

Can we do better? 

1 think we can. At least in theory. 
For any 100-spot-per-inch tile at 
plain old 300 DPI, we are using nine 
bits lo call out onfy 10 different spot 
values. Since nine bits could repre- 
sent 512 different state values> the 
memory use efficiency is a tad un- 


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der two percent. Wowie gee! 

The PhotoGrade does 
ridicufously worse. Here we are ask- 
ing 36 bits to call out a mere 144 
different gray levels. Since thirty-six 


bits can yield us up to 
68 J 19.4 76 J36 different states, 
our memory use efficiency is essen- 
tiaily zervl Thus, virtually all of that 
Apple PhotoGrade memory bitmap 
is totally wasted! 

Instead, let's go back to, say. 100 
spots per inch at a plain old 300 DPI . 
Once in the center of every desired 
halftone spot, put out a single laser 
dot having 512 possible srze vaiues. 
Presto. A mind-blowing total of 512 
grays at 100 DPI; Or a perfect 256 
grays up at the usual 106 DPI] This 
is for photo halftone dots only; you 
would still be able to do special 
screens and weird spot functions 
the old way. Patterns, too. 

For us to make full use of what 
seems theoreticaliy designable. you 
would need some special automatic 
mode sensing for the halftone 
areas. And a diamond-shaped laser 
beam whose diameter could be 
controlled over a 25*decibel or 16:1 
range, Down from a maximum 
slightly under three times larger 
than is now used. None of those 


needs seems a really big deal. 

Thus» it should be theoretically 
possible to build a SOO-DPI 
PostScript laser printer with out- 
standing photo halftones. A 1697- 
DPl equivalent. At zero speed or 
memory penalties. Hmmmm... 

I have posted lots of halftone and 
secret gray study examples to 
GEnie PSRX especially my files 
129. 141. H4. 179. 180. 231. and 
239. IVe also uploaded some high- 
quality images that you can play 
with, either inside or outside 
PostScript. In particular, check out 
LENA.PS. MANDRILL.PS, and my 
enhanced LENAHISTPS. 

Marketing your products 

I was pleasantly surprised to find 
that the leading invention marketing 
firms are now publishing their track 
records^ — up front in their initial mail- 
ings. One of the oldest and largest 
discloses: Of the ideas submitted 
and contracted, the odds of getting 
a royalty license are 100:1 against, 
continued on page 93 


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91 


AUDIO UPDATE 


Format future shock 


i 


LARRY KLEIN 


Are we tost in a forest of new 
audio formats? Is there a fu- 
ture for DAT, DCC, and the 
mmi disc — not to mentton record- 
able CD s? 

I have always considered myself 
relatively immune to the effects of 
"Future Shock." As you may recall, 
the dreaded FS Syndrome de- 
scribes the disturbed and disori- 
ented behavior of those suffering 
input overload brought on by too 
many life changes happening too 
fast. 

Students of sociology are aware 
that the organization of any society 
roughly reflects the way that the 
people in it make their living. And 
the kind of work that people do. in 
turn, derives from the technological 
level of the society. Since tech- 
nology is cumulative, it follows that 
change, for better or worse, is inev- 
itable. (I could cite historical data for 
all this* but for the sake of argu- 
ment, just take my word for it). It has 
been suggested in other contexts 
that the way to deal with the inevita- 
ble is to relax and. if possible, enjoy 
it. But for many audiophiles. their 
fun is threatened by the proliferation 
and confusion of many competing 
formats. 

All this is by way of a psycho- 
histoncal introduction to the pres- 
ent state of home audio electronics. 
In past articles I've looked at the 
gj question of new formats and exam- 
a ined the factors that make them mto 
^ hits or misses. As I see it* the major- 
I ity of audio consumers are most in- 
terested in a format s convenience 
^ and only secondarily in its fidelity. 
I Although I certarnly don*t discount 
« the very low distortion and noise- 
c free qualities of the CD format, its 
^ obvious attractions — for the aver- 
^ age consumer — mostly reside in its 
durability and convenient handling. 
S2 My evidence for all this is the fact 


that severe! years ago the compact, 
convenient-to-use. and relatively 
rugged prerecorded cassette start- 
ed to outsell LP's despite the LP's 
superior sound quality and lower 
price. For the same reasons, the 
latest figures show that CD's are 
now outselling cassettes in dollar 
volume. Next years figures will 
pnDbably show superior sales in ab- 
solute numbers as well. 

What does all this tell us about 
the relatively sudden proliferation of 
new audio formats — and consumer 
reactions to them in the past several 
years? Are the Japanese (and 
others) engaging in a strange rite of 
mutual commercial throat-cutting? 
For example, no sooner dtd the CD 
format establish itself than digital 
audio tape (DAT) was introduced. 
Although the two formats were not 
really competitors any more than 
LP s and open-reel tapes were, con- 
sumer confusion was rampant. And 
consumers stayed av^ from the 
DAT format in droves f 

Then, in 1986. the word was out 
that various companies were work- 
ing on a recordable CD. About four 
years ago one company held a 
press conference during which it 
was claimed that their digital record- 
er/player would be on the maricet in 
about two years — and would cost 
less than $500! It didn't happen 
then, but recently Carver and Philips 
announced the tmrninent release of 
a new breed of compact-disc re- 
corders. A clue to the target market 
for the machine is given in the Car* 
ver press release: " Professional 
user net price of the PDR-10 is un- 
der SB.OOO/^ In truth. I don't have a 
feel for the professional in the re- 
cording industry, but audio consum- 
ers are not likely to be waiting in line 
to invest so heavily in an unproven 
product with (for them) somehwat 
obscure advantages. 


Planned obsolescence? 

Over the years. I ve occesionall 
defended the hi-fi industry again? 
the recurrent charge of engaging i 
"planned obsolescence." The cor 
version from 78 s to LPs* tubes t 
transistors, mono FM and record 
to stereo all struck me as worti' 
white advances in the audio ai 
rather than nefarious plots to se 
new pnDducts, With today's tech 
nologies Tm not so sure. 

Is Japan so filled with tech 
nologically obsessed marketer 
that they compulsively create nev 
audio formats oblrvious to consum 
er needs and reactions? Is thei 
guiding philosophy something likt 
the classic advertising agency ap 
proach. "Let s run It up the flagpolt 
and see if anyone salutes/ ? If so 
its an expensive and frequently self 
defeating way to run an industry. 

Several years ago. the consumer 
electronrcs trade pubfication Twia 
ran an interview with Hifoki Shimizu 
general manager of J VC s Persona 
Audio Products Division. Mr 
Shimizu's comments were so Star 
thngly different from the usual self 
serving presentations heard at new 
product press conferences thai 
they are worth quoting, Shinriizu w®£ 
troubled by what he called the eth- 
ical C!) aspects of today s prolifera- 
tion of formats. He suggested that 
the industry was coming out with 
too many products too fast without 
considering the interest — or best 
interests — of the consumer DAT 
technology, according to Mr. 
Shimizu. came too fast and the ap- 
plication came later: as a result the 
market has not taken off. The ap- 
plication should come first, he said. 
In his view the most important thing 
Is how the new product will fit into 
the market. 

Other voices of discontent are 
heard in the land. A writer in The 


PHILIPS' DCC900 will be oneot theHrsi Digital 
Compact C«s»ne decks on the marfcet. 


New York Ttmes suggested thai the 
proliferation of competing formats 
is part of a conspiracy involving 
Sony CCBS Records), Matsushita 
CMCA Records), and Philips to 
somehow protect their record-com- 
pany noyalties from the pnedations 
of rabid home recordists. Clf the re- 
cording machines don't sell be- 
cause of consumer confusion, they 
won't be used to copy copyrighted 
material) However, it seems im- 
probable to me that the music and 
audio-product divisions of a compa- 
ny would play those sort of internal 
games with so much cash and pres- 
tige on the line. 

Future formats 

Do I have any advice to offer 
those seeking to keep their heads 
above water in the flood of new au- 
dio products? For one thing, read 
the articles extolling the virtues of 
this or that new format with a critical 
eye. Remember that most writers 
and editors believe that readers are 
automatically turned on by the New! 
Experience has shown, however 
that large numbers of excited words 
devoted to the advent of a new au- 
dio format don't refiabty predict its 
success. 

Given the snowballing of tech- 
nology, it s hard to make predic- 
tions, but certain developments 
seem inevitable. In a science-fiction 
story I wrote in 1 977. t predicted that 
the turn of the century would see a 
fiber-optic cable that linked most 
homes in America. Among its many 
services would be the ability to call 
up any mustcat composition, pop or 
classicaL fnom the worid s reconded 
library. Separate musical software 
as such would be obsolete, as 
wouldn of course, the players that 
deliver it. I think such a development 
is inevitable , and it would finally put 
an end to all the format she- 
nanigans. Or would it? R-E 


HARDWARE HACKER 


continued from page 91 


and the odds of any positive cash 
flow that exceed costs are 600:1 
against! 

Those figures sound about right 
to me. Sometimes I've done almost 
that well on my own. And some- 
times not. Selling an idea is a real 
rough row to hoe. One that could 
become a near impossibility if you 
are not a fully trained and well expe- 
rienced insider knowledgeable 
about what is going on in trade jour- 
nals, politics, economics, and the 
lech literature of the target field. 

An invention-marketing firm is 
just a hired gun, similar to an ad 
agency or a resume- typing service. 
You pay them for their time and 
effort for such sen/ices ss patent 
searches, listings in product news- 
letters, and participation in inven- 
tion fairs — cash up front. 

As we've seen a number of times 
in the past, the core problem lies in 
the absurd mythology surnDunding 
today's patent system. Very simply 
patents have little or nothing at all to 
do with the selling or marketing of 
an idea. For most individuals and 
most small-scale technical star- 
tups, any involvement whatsoever 
with the patent system is virtually 
certain to end up as a net loss of 
time, energy money and sanity. 

Just about all hackers will tend to 
grossly overvalue a new idea. At 
one time way back in the golden age 
of inventing, ideas were occasion- 
ally vrorth as much as a dime a doz- 
en. Today, they are worth less than 
ten cents a bale in ten-bale lots. 
Ideas gain value only when you can 
clearly demonstrate your end users 
actually getting off on them. And 
then only when those ideas are 
already in some safeabie. competi* 
tive. promotable, and distributable 
form. 

The key secret to selling an idea 
is very simple: The buyer must 
come to you. For our special re- 
source sidebar this month, t have 
gathered together some ideas that 
can help you to profit from your 
ideas. 

Two essential magazines are that 
Midnight Engineering and the 
continued on page t08 


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VFX 

continued from page 52 


MODI BUTTON BUHON OUTPUT 


RG. 9— THE VFX PROTOTYPE, Carefully check the board for solder splashes and 
bridging before applying pomr. 


button and the LED display 
should count fast enough so 
that all the segments (an "8") 
appear dimly tit. 

Remove power from the board 
and Install the two RAMs (ICS 
and IC9). Apply power to the 
board. The LED should again 
display "6/" Press the shift 
button and the LED should dis- 
play *0. * If any RAM errors oc* 
cur, they will cause the LED 
display to increment. 

Next Install IC3 and 1C5. Con- 
nect your speaker or head- 
phones to J2 and reapply power 
Press the shift button twice and 
a tone should be heard in the 
headphones or speaker Install 
IC4 and connect a microphone 
to J3 , Apply power and press the 
SHIFT button three times. Then 
speak into the microphone and 
your voice should be heard 
through the headphones, Ad- 
Just potentiometers R50 and 
R40 for minimum distortion. 
Now that your VFX board is 
working, you can change the 
DIP switches according to Tkble 
I for the other three effects. 

As mentioned before, there is 
a test mode that can help trou- 
bleshoot the VFX processor It Is 
activated by setting the DIl^ 
switches as shown in Ikble 1 


and pressing the reset button. 
The test mode individually tests 
the system RAM, the CODEC, 
and the LED display. 

In the test mode the external 
SRAM is constantly written to 
and read, and the number of er- 
rors are displayed on the LED. If 
the LED display is blank and all 
the power supplies are normal, 
there is something wrong with 
the LED or the driver If the LED 
has a number other than zero, 
there might be a problem with 
the SRAM. 

The CODEC data is received 
and Immediately retransmitted, 
so the microphone input is 
echoed back the headphones. If 
there is no output or if the out- 
put Joesn^t sound like the in- 
put, there is a problem- If there 
are no other fault indications 
and the microphone and speak* 
er are working, there might be a 
problem with the CODEC, If 
nothing happens and the power 
supplies are normal, there 
might be a problem with the 
digital signal processing chip or 
the EPROM. 

Where to go from here 

The VFX processor is intend- 
ed to demonstrate in, an enjoy- 
able way* the capabilities of 


digital signal processing. Th< 
four applications programme! 
into the VFX board are just fou, 
out of many possible applica 
tions. The VFX processor hard 
ware is capable of bein{ 
reprogrammed to perform othe: 
functions as well. Some of tin 
possibilities are speech recognl 
tion, active noise cancellation 
voice compression/recording 
and a spectrum-shifting hear 
ing aid. 

For example, the VFX pro 
cessor could easily recognize 
the numbers from 0 to 9 anc 
display them on the LED indica 
tor That requires that the 
speech be converted Into the fre- 
quency domain and the spectral 
peaks of the sound be compared 
with pre-stored templates. The 
closest matching sound Is se- 
lected and displayed on the 
LED. The processor could then 
generate the DTMF signals for 
that number to make a voice- 
activated telephone dialer. 

A voice compressor/recorder 
converts an audio input into the 
frequency domain, picks out 
the most prominent spectral en- 
ergies, and stores them in data 
memory as frequency and am- 
plitude. The technique can re- 
duce the amount of data that 
must be stored compared to 
that from conventional digitiz- 
ing processes from 6.5K words 
per second to 650 to 300 words 
per second. The VFX board with 
8K words can record approxi- 
mately 12 to 25 seconds ot com- 
pressed speech. 

Active noise cancellation is 
being developed for applica- 
tions ranging from muffling the 
sound of automobile engines 
and industrial machines to 
eliminating the background 
hissing noise In fighter-aircraft 
intercom-system headphones* 
Similar applications for the VFX 
board are being developed. Let 
us know if you have any other 
applications you would like pro- 
grammed into the VFX pro- 
cessor. If you are Interested in 
programming your own ap- 
plications, look into the EZ-LAB 
system sold by Analog Devices 
that has been referenced in this 
article. It is an affordable way to 
implement small- to medium- 
sized algorithms.. R-E 


DRAWING BOARD 


Video scrambling. 


ROBERT GRGSSBLATT 


Looking at a line of video on an 
oscilloscope or waveform 
monitor can be a real eye 
Dpener As we discuss the various 
"actors involved in video scram- 
bling, you'll need a good under- 
standing of video to follow along- 
Vou^l also need some equipment to 
view the waveform, other than on a 
TV set. For a good background on 
video, get your hands on the series 
of Drawing Board columns I did on 
video from January to Novenr^ber 
1990. You'll probab^ be able to find 
them in your library if you don't have 
the back issues. 

The starting point for any would- 
be unscranribler (hereinafter re- 
ferred to as "us") is that scramblers 
(hereinafter refenred to as "them") 
start out wilh a signal that s exactly 
the one we want to wind up with. 
Video originates in the clear, gets 
messed up one way or another by 
them, and is sent to us. Our job is 
simply to undo what they*ve spent a 
bt of money doing. 

You don*t have to be a rocket sci- 
entist to mess up video — that is 
true both aesthetically and scien- 
tifically. The hard part is to do it in 
such a way that you can put it back 
together again. This means that 
there has to be a rigorous ap- 
proach — almost a mathematical 
one — to tearing the signal apart. 

Take a look at — and get intimately 
femiliar with — the typical line of vid- 
eo shown in Fig. 1. While most .of 
the time on the line is devoted to the 
picture area, it s the control area 
where the real work is done. The 
signal in the picture area determines 
what you'll be seeing on the screen 
but the stuff in the control area is 
what teils your TV where to put the 
picture and how its supposed to 
appear. 

The control area is blown up in 
Fig. 2. and the information in it is a 
graphed function of lime and volt- 
age. By the way. most video people 


like to talk about "units of video" 
rather than voltage for the same rea- 
son that audio people like to talk 
about decibels rather than voltage. 

When the NTSC video standard 
v^^as established, the two most 
basic decisions made were that it 
would range from 0 to 1 volt peak-to- 
peak, and that one voltage range 
would be reserved for picture and 
one would be reserved for control. 
As we go through our discussion on 
scrambled video. I'll talk sometimes 
about video in terms of IRE units 
and other times about voltage. The 


two are directly related as shown on 
the Y axis of Fig. 2. 

The bottom line of the picture is 0 
IRE units which is about 0.3 volts up 
the IRE scale. That point is impor- 
tant because it's both the defined 
level for black video Cno picture on 
Ihe screen) and the upper limit for 
any contnDl signals. (There's a slight 
ambiguity here when you examine 
the coforburst but we*ll get to that 
laterJ For the moment, we can con- 
sider everything above 0.3 volts as 
picture and everything below that as 
non-picture. 


RG, 1— TYPICAL LINE OF VIDEO. Most of the line is devoted to the picture area, but it^ 
tlie control area that we're interested in. 


SO- 

-70- 
60- 

vm£o 


—I 1 r 1 1 1 1 1 1 \ 1 r 

O f 2, 3 ^ S 6 7 S 9 /O // 


RG. 2— THE CONTROL AREA. The NTSC video standard says that the signal can 
range from 0 to 1 volt peak-to-peak. 


95 


That signal definition is the basrs 
for most of the hardware in every 
NTSC-Gompatible TV ever made. 
Your TV contains circuitry that ex- 
pects contn^! information to be be- 
low 0.3 volts and picture information 
from 0.3 to 1 volt. That s important 
because it is the starting point for 
scramblers: when you get rid of 
some of the control information, a 
standard TV can't display the pic- 
ture. Remember that the horizontal 
sync pulse defines the end Cor, de- 
pending on your point of view, the 
beginning) of a line of video. If the 
TVdoesn'tseeit, it won't know how 
to display the line on the screen, 
and the result will be that the TV will 
end one line and start another one 
at some random point on the 
screen. 

The freewheeling retrace fre- 
quency of the TV will come close to 
the one sent by the bnDadcasten but 
it won't match exactly. What you'll 
see on the screen will be something 
like Fig. 3. The curved line running 
down the center of the screen is the 
horizontal interval sent by the 
broadcaster 

Three things are happening in Ftg. 
3. The first is that the line is curved 
because the horizontal circuitry in 
your TV runs at a frequency that s 
not exactly the same as the broad- 
cast horizontal frequency. The TV 
can accept a certain amount of drift 
in the horizontal frequency. Once 
upon a time a horizontal control was 
built into on the TV so you could 
hand tune the TV to the received 
signal. Although that control isn't 
around any longer (except some- 
times as a trimmer on a circuit board 
inside the TV), the tolerance is still 
there. Modem TV s can automat- 
ically lock onto the broadcast hori- 
zontal frequency so there s no 
reason for the horizontal control to 
be accessible. 

The second thing that's happen- 
ing is that the line is in the center of 
your screen. The reason for that is 
simple. The TV's horizontal circuit 
uses the recerved horizontal pulse 
as an instruction lo move the beam 
back lo the left side of the screen. 
Because the scrambled sjgnal has 
anything but a recognizable horizon- 
tal sync pulse, the TV zips the line 
back to the left side of the screen 
whenever it reaches the right side. 


FIG, 3— A FREEWHEELING RETRACE 
won't match the frequency seni by the 
broadcaster. The curved tine running 
down the centerol the screen is the horh 
zontal iniervai sent by (he broadcaster. 


A5K 


ASK 


^1 


OUT 


FIG, 4— A VIDEO BUFFER isolates one 
stage of hardware from another. The 
transistor Is set up as a buffer and the 
level of the video can be controlted by 
the value of R2. 

Because that has nothing to do with 
the signal it s receiving, the line usu- 
ally shows up at some random spot 
on the screen. The TV*s freewheel- 
ing frequency is close to the broad- 
cast horizontal frequency, so the TV 
will start a new tine at about the 
same point in the bn^adcast line. 
That means you'll see the broadcast 
horizontal interval on each line at 
mofB or less the same horizontal 
location on the screen. The result is 
a curved line down the screen. 

The thrrd thing happening on the 
TV screen is that the colors are 
messed up. Because the horizontal 
sync Is missing, the TV circuitry 
isn't seeing the colorburst in the 
right place, so there's no reference 
for either the intensity or color of the 
picture. The TV then uses whatever 
it sees in the colorburst location as 
a reference for both the tntensity 
and color of the image. 

You can see now that by simply 
getting rid of horizontal sync, the 


resulting video signal will be com 
pletely messed up. The best v/ay tc 
appreciate thai, and a good way tt 
get into video hardware, is to buik 
something to demonstrate how al 
this stuff really happens. That*s 
right, our first piece of hardware \i 
going to be something that will le 
you scramble video. And. as far a^ 
the law is concerned. I'm pretty surt 
that nobody's going to become ver) 
upset. 

WeMl need a source or real video 
That can be anything from an NTSC 
generator to a line-level video signa 
from the back of a VCR, You 11 alsc 
need a scope to look at the videc 
waveform and a TV to look at the 
picture. You can do without the let 
ter but the former is a must. I'm nol 
going to beat you up any more aboui 
getting a scope, but if you don't 
have one. get one. If you don't gel 
one. this series of columns while 
informalive. will be somewhat less 
than useful from a practical point ol 
view. 

To get started, because we're 
building circuitry that is going to use 
an external signal, the first thing we 
have to do is buffer it. That is done 
for two reasons. The first is that we 
have to be able to control the level 
seen by our video circuitry, and the 
second is so that a wiring ent>r on 
the breadboard isn't going to send 
unpleasant voltages back to the sig- 
nal generator or VCR. The results 
could be a bit nasty. 

Video buffers are just like any 
other buffer— they're simple cir- 
cuits that isolate one stage of hard- 
ware from another Think of it as 
being like an electronic fuse. The 
easiest way to build a buffer is with a 
single transistor as shown in Fig. 4. 
The transistor is set up as a buffer, 
and the level of the video can be 
controtled by the value of R2, You 
can also put a potentiometer in se- 
ries on the line feeding the video to 
the base of the transistor and trim 
the level that way. 

Although the NTSC video stan- 
dard calls for a signal that's 1-volt 
peak-to*peak. most VCR manufac- 
turers don't strictly follow that stan- 
dard when it comes to a video 
output signal. If you put the signal 
on a scope, you'll probably find that 
it's a bit higher than that. If that s the 
continued on page 109 


COMPUTER CONNECTIONS 


The Cheshire Cat, multimedia, and vision. 


JEFF HOLTZMAN 


Vision, according to the 
American Heritage Elec- 
tronic Dictionary, can be 
defined in five ways: 1 . The faculty of 
srght. 2. Unusual foresight. 3. A 
mental image produced by the 
imagination . 4. Something, as a su- 
pernatural sight, perceived through 
unusual means. 5. One of extraordi- 
nary beauty. 

In the business world, definition 2 
is v^hat people usually think of. Ac- 
tually, definition 3 is most important. 
Persons with unusual foresight help 
bridge short-term gaps between to- 
day and tomorrow. Persons with 
imagination set long-term goals and 
directions, and inspire others to try 
to move in those directions to 
achieve those goals. Companies 
are typically founded by Type-3 peo- 
ple, and run by Type-2 s. 

Starting about 250 years ago dur- 
ing the dawn of the industrial revolu- 
tion, technical vision and imagina- 
tion in the westem world focused on 
building tangible items to ease the 
time involved in producing, trans- 
porting, and defending necessities. 
After about 200 years of wide- 
spread social effort, most of those 
problems were solved, so persons 
with visionary imagination shifted 
focus to a different set of problems. 
From these origins was born the 
computer industry. 

Early work in that field centered 
on doing the same kinds of activities 
people had been doing — e.g.. ac- 
counting and typing^ — only faster 
Things started to get intenesting 
when Ted Nelson, Doug Englebart. 
and others realized that the comput- 
er had created a whole new world, a 
"virtual" world. Again the American 
Heritage, this time on virtual image: 
An image from which rays of re- 
flected or mfracted tight appear to 
diverge, as from an image seen In a 
p!ane minor. 

There is a virtual world behind the 
CRT. from which imaginaryllghi rays 
are diverging, rays that until recently 


were visible only to mathemati- 
cians, computer scientists, and 
soft^vare engineers. Now, thanks to 
Nelson and company, and more re- 
cently to video games and the Mac- 
intosh (and let's not forget Micro- 
soft Windows), that Cheshire cat 
image is becoming accessible to 
more and more people. 

Graphics editors let artists reach 
in and take hold of some of that 
virtual Play-Dough a proprietary 
term. On-line references let writers 
and researchers tap into the knowl- 
edge of the world. Three-D CAD 
prDgrams let architects and product 
designers "build" prototypes with- 
out cutting wod or metal. Medical 
imaging devices let medical techni- 
cians and researchers non-intru- 
sively create images of body parts. 
Serious and popular composers 
use synthesizers to create new mu- 
sical forms. 

Computer technology has pene- 
trated many disciplines, but it still 
has a long way to go. Take video 
editing for one. The traditional meth- 
od for editing videotape and film is 
to do a lot of physical fast-forward* 
ing and rewinding. The efficient way 
to do the job is via random access, 
instantly jumping from any frame to 
any other Due to the immense stor- 
age required for video infonmation, 
effective random access com- 
pletely dwarfs the storage and bus- 
bandwidth capabilities of today's 
most powerful personal computers 
and low- cos I networks. 

Multimedia 

This is where Type-3 vision 
comes in. That vision centers 
around a topic of grwrng public in- 
terest: multimedia. Don't be misled 
by popular computer, video, and 
games magazines. Multimedia is 
not just putting a sound board in a 
PC, or adding a CD-ROM drive to a 
Nintendo. The real pnDmise behind 
multimedia is twofold: 1> To bring the 
whole wodd into that virtual image 


behind the CRT. and 2) To connect 
your virtual image to mine and ev- 
eryone else's. 

The requirements for rich multi* 
media are simple: 16-bit audio, full- 
screen 30-frame-per-second video. 
24-bit Cphotographic-qualrty) imag- 
ing, fast access to lots of textual and 
numeric data — all of which must be 
available on-demand, syn- 
chronously, instantaneously, at any 
time, and (eventually) anywhere in 
the world. 

It would take a powerful main- 
frame to provide that kind of ca- 
pability today. On the other hand, a 
run-of-the-mill 486 today exceeds 
the computational power of a main- 
frame of a decade ago. Assume 
then that within the next decade, 
^'computers" that meet those re- 
quirements become available. 
Those ^'computers' will have built-in 
general-purpose digital signal pro- 
cessors (DSP s) for compressing 
and decompressing audio and video 
data, and for doing fax and modem 
chores as well. Semiconductor 
memory will be measured in the 
gigabytes, and permanent storage 
will be measured in the terabytes 
(on personal computers: main- 
frames will have even morel Optical 
storage may finally, after decades of 
promise, become cost effective. 

Tomorrow s computers will have 
built-in connectivity to office sys- 
tems, commercial databases, enter- 
tainment banks, and interactive 
educational courseware. Transmis- 
sion speeds of these new networks c? 
will make Ethernet and Token Ring ^ 
look like box turtles. 1^ 

Those systems will have built-in Z. 
docking technology (both hardware ^ 
and software) for portable notepad/ Jji 
planner systems based on todays S 
fledgling pen-input technology. They B 
will have lightweight, flat, high-reso- ^ 
lution. true-color displays — and z 
printers — and will accept keyboard i 
and pen input rndiscriminately. They 
will communicate via a universal dig- 97 


RG. 1— COLORADO'S JUMBO 250 packs 250 megabytes of data on a 520 tape car 
tridge In less than two hours. 


ital communications system that will 
probably come about as some sort 
oF joint venture between AT&T the 
cable TV companies, the indepen- 
dent networks CCNN. FNN, Fox), 
media giants like Time-V^mer. and 
major computer companies. 

There will be gobs and gobs of 
data f lowmg around, and lots of con- 
fusion about who owns rights to 
what. New kinds of copyright issues 
will keep lawyers busy for the next 
century. Students and researchers 
will have unprecedented oppor- 
tunities to cheat. Illegal data tapping 
and decoding Cakin to today's cable 
TV descramblers) will piwide a data 
underground and new forms of law 
enforcement (the Data Police), 

That technology will not replace 
todays TV, VCR. stereo system, 
video game. fax. telephone* or com- 
puter. However, those technologies 
will come to be seen as modular, 
interoperable pieces of a larger sys- 
tem in which all the pieces can plug 
and play — for those who want to. 

From this perspective, multi- 
media begins to look like everything 
connected with computers, con- 
sumer electronics, and entertain- 
ment. Grandiose? Maybe. But ask 
yourself why IBM is contemplating a 
half-billion dollar deal with Time- 
V\femer why IBM and AT&T are both 
working like crazy to get fiber-optic 
data rates to work over copper cab- 
ling, and why Apple is partnering 
with Sharp and Microsoft with Sony. 

Personal computers revolu- 
tionized typing, accounting, and 
publishing in the 80s. The 90 s will 
see even more radical and pervasive 
changes. 

That s the vision. Question: How 
will you participate? 

Product watch 

For years the phrase "reasonably 
priced tape backup" was a contra- 
diction in terms, but that is no longer 
the case. Figure 1 shows one of the 
best deals around: the Jumbo 250 
from Colorado Memory Systems. 
It s a high-quality 250-megabyte 
QlC-80 tape drive that can fit in a 
3.5 inch or 5.25 inch bay, and it runs 
off a standard flopf^-disk controller. 

The Jumbo 250 includes a spe- 
cial cable adapter that runs from the 
drive to the floppy contnoiler; the 
cable from the floppy dri\i^Cs) plugs 


into the Jumbo's cable. Other than 
mounting the drive and copying 
software to your hard disk, that's 
the extent of installation. 

Backup software included with 
the drive runs in both menu-driven 
and command-line modes: the latter 
allows unattended backup via 
scheduled batch files. If hard-disk 
capacity exceeds that of a tape, the 
software will store additional data 
on additional tapes. In addition, the 
software has several options, in- 
cluding password protection, the 
ability to back up and restore Novell 
NetWare bindery (user access 
rights) files, and several types of 
software- based data compression. 
Using compression is faster than 
not using it; I have no trouble back- 
ing up about MO megabytes of data 
on a single tape in less than an hour. 

You can use the menu-driven 
mode to create a tag list, or list of 
files to back up, and then use the 
command-line mode to back up the 
files on the list. One nice feature is 
its ability to append multiple backup 
volumes to the same tape, which 
gives you the ability to perform daily 
backups simply and quickly. My 
main complaint with the softwrare is 
that it forces you to restore files to 
their original locations. Sometimes, 
especially in a networked environ- 
ment, it s helpful to be able to re- 
store files elsewhere. 

Many installation options are 
available, including a case for exter- 
nal mounting, numenDus special ca- 
ble and connector arrangements for 
special PC's (such as PS/2's). and 
several dedicated tape-controller 
boards that provide increased 


speed and hardv^/are data compres 
sion. Colorado also sells softwan 
to control the drive under severa 
varieties of Unix (SCO, Interactive 
ATSiT. and Intel). 

The drive includes a one-year war 
ranty, toll-free technical support 
and access to a BBS. If you shof 
around, you can pick one up foi 
$250 mail order. By way of com 
parison. just a few years ago m) 
trusty 80-megabyte Irwin backup 
unit cost thr^e or four times that 
amount. For small offices and Win 
dows pov^r users, this is a must 
have (tern. 

For morB power and flexibility in 
tape backup software, check out 
Sytos Plus. It has several nice fea- 
tures, including the ability to work 
writh multiple devices, including the 
Colorado, numerous digital audio 
tape (DAT) and 8mm Formats ^ IBM s 
optical read/write disk, and hard 
and floppy disks; others are being 
added all the time. 

Sytos also supports OS/2, 
whereas Colorado does not (yet), 
Sytos is routinely bundled with nu- 
merous high-capacity tape drives: 
the company claims more than a 
million users. 

Probably the nicest feature is 
Sytos' more i ntegrated way of c reat- 
ing backup sets. Whereas Colora- 
do's TAPE, EXE forces you to create 
tag lists and then manually create 
batch files with numerous param- 
eters. Sytos allows you (in the menu 
mode) to create "procedures" con- 
taining both tag list and configura- 
tion options, and then run various 
procedures from the command line. 

Sytos also has more extensive 


icumenlation lhan Coiorado. It 
wrs different kinds of backups, 
jd methods for creating backup 
:hedules. 

Sytos will allow you to restore 
es from tape lo new locations with 
jw names; the only feature it lacks 
nd that Colorado supplies) is a 
iuge that indicates pnDgress in for- 
attmg a tape. 

ews bits 

What s larger than a calculator 
id smaller than a notebook PC? 
etter yet. what s the size and 
eight of a paperback book, has a 
2-bit RISC processor, a multitask* 
g. object-oriented operating sys- 
;m, and a 6- x 3-inch LCD screen 
jr pen input and visual display? 
asy: Apple s Newton, the first 
andheld device for jotting, sketch- 

g. scribbling, figuring, doodling, 
laking lists, and subsequently 
io\/ing that data to a larger com put- 
r or another user via fax. modem, 
r network. Initial specs include 
ash EPROM, 1 to 20 megabytes of 
AM. PCMCIA expansion cards, 
ound output, an infrared data link 
D Other Newtons and desktop 
Macintoshes, and wired links to 
oth Macs and PC's. In addition to 
"le text and graphics doodle pad. 
Jewton will have an address book, 
cheduler. and an intelligent as- 
istant that will understand and act 
*n commands like "fax this story to 
irian/' Newton is scheduled for re- 
sase around January of 93. and re- 
lortedly will cost $500-$1000. 
here are also rumors of another 
^pple-developed handheld, this one 
;alled Sweet Pea. with CD-ROM 
ind the ability to play QuickTime 
icripts. It sounds a lot like the de- 
vice Microsoft is developing with 
5ony 

IBM has publicly demonstrated 
"DDI running on copper shielded 
wisted pair CSTP) cabling, thus pav- 
ng the way for a potential ten*fold 
ncrease in bandwidth to desktop 
computers — and other devices. 
Niot to be outdone. AT&T Paradyne 
las announced a similar tech- 
nology, with claims that it could spur 
:he nascent multimedia industry by 
delivering on-demand and interac* 
tive video services. 

Nintendo and Sega are going at it 
neck and neck, and in the process. 


PRODUCTS DISCUSSED 

# Jumbo 250, Colorado Memory 
Systems, 800 South Taft Ave,. 
Coveland. CO 80537. (303) 
669-8000, 

• Sytos Plus, Sytron Corporation. 
124 Panders Road, RO. Box 5025. 
Westboro, MA 01581-5025. (508) 
898-0100. 


taking a pot-shot at the computer 
industry, Sega plans to introduce, 
two places by Thanksgtving a $300 
CD-based game that delivers quali- 
ty audio and live-action video: Nin* 
tendo plans to introduce a simJIar 
$200 unit early next year Sega is 
working with Sony to produce 
games related to movies, e.g.. 
Spielbergs Jumssic Park. Early re- 
ports indicate that Sega's device 
will include only half-speed, quarter- 
screen animation, whereas the Nin- 
tendo unit will do a full 30 frames 
per second. n-E 


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SLOPING VEE ANTENNA 

continued Jmm page 78 

phasphor-bronze wire Is pre- 
ferred over stranded copper or 
aluminum wire because Us 
spring qualities avoid kinks. It 
is almost impossible to tangle 
this kind of wire» especially im- 
portant if you want a field- 
transportable antenna system. 
Nevertheless, if phosphor- 
bronze wire wire is too expen- 
sive {about $2 per foot) or dlffi- 
culi for you to obtain stranded 
copper or aluminu m wire can be 
substituted. The shorting wire 
was 16 AWG bare, stranded-cop- 
per wire. 

Solder all connections if the 
antenna installation is perma- 
nent. But if you plan to set up 
and take down the antenna fre- 
quently, be sure that there are 
clean metal-to metal mechan- 
ical connections between all 
conductive components* 

The terminating resistors 


must be capable of handling a 
significant amount of power if 
the antenna is to be used for 
transmission. Non-inductive 
carbon-film power resistors, 
rated for 300 ohms ± 10%, were 
specified for the test antenna. 
They had measured DC resis- 
tances of 307 and 314 ohms. As 
a general rule, the resistor 
power dissipation rating should 
be 10 to 20% of the maximum 
transmitter output power. 
Check the termination resistors 
for overheating. 

For receiver-only applica- 
tions, almost any low-power dis- 
sipating resistor with the cor- 
rect resistance value will be 
satisfactory. The test sloping- 
vee Emtenna showed good VSWR 
performance and reception 
with 300-ohm, watt carbon 
resistors. 

The measured impedance 
bandwidth of the 15 to 50 MHz 
vee is shown in Fig. 14. A net- 
work analyzer measured the in- 
put VSWR of about 150 feet of 


RG-213/U coaxial cable and 
was below 2:1 at all frequencl 
between 10 and 60 MHzMt w 
particularly good between 
and 30 MHz. The undulatio 
in the VSWR curve shown 
Fig. 14 were caused by tl 
transmission lines f requeue 
dependent transformer actii 
acting on the sloping vee-inp 
impedance. 

VSWR measured directly 
the antenna input is slight 
higher because cable loss lowe 
VSWR. This measurement w 
made, and the VSWR was ju 
over 2:lin the following band 
38 to 40 MHz; 44 to 47 MHz; ai 
52 to 57 MHz, At all frequencl 
below 58 MHz» the sloping vet 
input VSWR was less tha 
2.5 :L The test antenna easi 
exceeded the bandwidth desif 
objective, and it provides ve 
good broadband performanc 
In field tests the slope vee pe 
formed well as a transmitter a^ 
tenna down to frequencies < 
about 4 MHz, R 


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18 ($55.80) 


19 ($58.90) 


20 (S62.00) 


21 (S65.10) 


22 ($68,20) 


23 ($71.30) 


24 ($74.40) 


25 (S77.S0) 


26 ( SdO 60) 


27iS83,70) 


28 ($86.80) 


29 (589,90) 


30 ($93.00) 


31 ($%J0) 


32 ($99,20) 


33 ($102.30) 


34 ($105.40) 


35 (S1 08.50) 


Wa accept Ma$lf;rCard and Vi&a for paymGnt ol orders. II you wish to use your Credit card to pay lor your ad till 
in the IdJowtng addiliorLal intormaijoa (Sorry, no t&lephone orders can be accepted ): 


CardhMitiet 


ExpirabonDtfe 


Ploase PrrrM Name 


Signature 


IF YOU use A BOX. NUMSEft YOU MUST tNCLUDE YOUR PERMANENT ADDRESS AND PHOME 
NUMBER FOR OUH FILES. AOS SyBMHTED WTTHOiJT THIS INFORMATtON WILL NOT BE ACCEPTHa 
CLASSIFIED COMMERCIAL RATE: (lor frrms t)r mdividuats ortering commorcral pfcxtucis or servtcos} 
S3 to per word pfep(i d (no c^afg<^ tor zip code) MINIMUM ts WORDS^ 5% d^scoyni Tor ^me ad in 6 
issues: 10% discount lor samo ad m 12 issues within ona year: if prepaid. NON-COMMERCIAL RATE: (lar 

Ifdividuals who want la buy or seSl a personal item) S2 50 per word, prepaid no mminnum ONLY FIRST 

WORD AND NAME set if^ t>o3d caps al noexuachargo AddJiion^l &ald facv (nat a-.^iuaple as ait caps) 5Sc 
per word addJtbnal. EnVo ad m boldt«#, S370 per word. TINT SCREEN BEHIND ENTIRE AD: %2.&5 per 
word. TiNt SCREEN BEHIND ENflflE AO PLUS ALL BOLD FACE AD: $^ 50 p*?r word EXPANDED 
TYPE AD: S4.70 per wofd p«p**d. Ertifaad m bdd^ate. S5 60 per A^rC TINT SCREEN BEHIND ENTIRE 
EXPANDED TYPE AD: SS 90 per wofd TINT SCREEN BEHIND EHTtRE EXPANDED TYPE AD PUIS 
ALL BOLD FACE AD: S6 80 per wrd DISPLAY ADS: ^ ■ 2 S410 00, 2^ - 2' .-—5820 00. 3' - 
2' i'— St 230 00 Ger>eTal Informatlor*; FiTK:i;ercy rait?s arK3 prcpayTnens c scounisj a\'aiiab'e ALL 
COPY SUBJECTTO PUBLISHERS APPROVAL ADVERTISEMENTS USING P.O. SOX ADDRESS WlU 
NOT BE ACCEPTED UNTIL ADVERTISER SUPPUES PUBLISHER WITH PERMANENT ADDRESS 
AND PHONE NUMBER. Copy To tjo in our har>dii on Iho 5(h of I he I hud rnontii preceding tno daio of ihQ 
tssue. (i e„ Aug issue copy musi be received Oy May 5Tii) When norma! cJosirwi da'D (alls on Sntiurday, 
Sunday or Holiday, jssue closes on preceding working day. Send lor Ihe daEiSiliod Bfoctiufo C'rcle Number 
49 ofi me Free tntormabor^ Card. 


TUBES, new. op to 90*^ oft, SASE. KIHBY, 236 
West Carrrief Drive, Carmel. IN 46032. 

TU notch f< Hers H phono recording equipnaeni, bro* 
diure $im MICRO THInc. Box 63 6025, Mar- 
gate. FL 330G3 (305) 752-9202. 

SPEAKER repair A I makes — models. Sleroo & 
pfofessicnaJ Kits available Rofoarrung StB 00. 
ATLANTA AUDIO LABS. 1 (800) 56B-6971. 

ENGINEERING software and hardware. PC/ 
MSDOS. Circuit design and drav/ing, PCS 
layout. FFT analysis, mattiemattcs, circuit 
analysis, etc. Data acquisition, generation, 
I/O PCB's, elc. Call or write for free catalog. 
(614) 4910832, BSOFT SOFTWARE, 
INC., 444 Colton Rd.. Columbus. OH 
43207, 

CABLE TV Equipment. Mosi lype available. 
SpeciaJ; Oak M3SB $39 9 S. No catalog. COD or* 
dors onty. 1 (BOO) 822-9955. 


CABLE TV ^ 


***** SW?mNG ***** 
JERROLD, HAMUN, ClAK 

AND QTH£R FAMCHJS MANtlMCTURERS 

• LOgi/EST RflAM^/WHOiBALE PHICE5 M US 

* ALL iMJOU Cfff IXT CAHDS ACCEPTED 

FOfl AIL INFORMATION 


PACIFIC CABLE CO.. INC. 
7325V; Reseda Blvd.. Depl.211B 
Resed.l, CA 91335 


eOC52'Basic microcontjolfef boafd. Bas^ iriior^ 
pmiet 32K RAM. 16K Eprom. Eprom programmer, 
RS232. expansion connectof Bare board wilh 
rrkanual. schematics S32 95 SOCSS-Basfc micro- 
processor chip S25 95 Assembled and tested 
S124,95. PR0LOG1C DESIGNS. PO Box 19026, 
BallirnQre. MD 2t204. 

JERROLD, Tooom and Zenith ''test" chips. 
Fully activates unit. S50.0D. Cable de* 
scramblers from $40.00^ Orders 1 ($00) 
4S2-7D$0. Infonnation <3t0) S67^00ei. 

TOCOM-Jerrold Impulse-Scientific Atranla 
Converters, two year warranties, afso tesl mod* 
ules for your converters Contact NATIONAL CA^ 
BLE, (219) 935^12B full detajis. 


Qyalitv Microwave TV Antennas 


WIREUSS CAHE - im ■ MMDS - Aflulcv TV 
LfiBi lip Ctv SMlf*»« IpwHi U » L? fikx. 

- 5S-Channfli Dis»i System $1999S 

- 36-Qiann«l Disii Sv3i»m 
« 20-aimriilDi^Syaa*n Sl24fl6 

PHILOPS TECH ELECTRONICS 
EhtftSyitPm psi Boi SSSa . SraUiilaie, AI 15252 
tJFmME 1602) 9477700 i U QO tt HI pNM* ttUn \ 


PROTECT yourself and equipment from etectjica} 
shocks. Conriplete unit S9B.95 SAFETY-UN- 
LIMITED. ^743 Baldwin Road, Yorktown, NY 
10598. SiH S5.0Q. 

SCIENTIFtC Atlanta 8500 series as low as 
$f 29.00, Slarcom 6 as low as $149.00. All makes 
in slock. SAC, 1 (800} 622'3799. 


I 

m 
8 

3 


tot 


I 


i 

z 

8 

I 


102 


CB RADIO OWNERS! 


We specialize in a wade variety of technical 
information, parts and services for CB radios, 
lO-Weler and FM convefs.'or^ kits, repair books, 
plans, high-performance accessories. Thousarvds 
of satisfied custofners since 1976' Catalog 52. 


CBC INTERNATIONAL 

P.O. BOX 31 SCORE, PHOENIX, AZ 85046 


TEfi t^Attfft for testing ur>it5 in full survive mode, 
Staroom VII. $40.00; Slarcom VI, S30,00: Stor- 
COm DPBB, $50.00, Pioneen S75 OCj Toccm VIP 
5503^5507. $25 00; S.A. call; Zemlh, S2 5,00. N.E, 
ENGtNEERING, iB\7) 770-3830. 

CABl-£ test chips A B550. S^A B500 — 310. 
311. 320, 32i (specify) — $33,95 S-A 8580^ 
— 569 95. Tocom 5503^)7 VIP — S33.95, Staf- 
com 6 — $33.95, Slarcom 7 — $4 9. 95. TBIE- 
CODEt PQ Box 6426-RE. Yuma, AZ S53&6-6426 

OSCILLOSCOPE 50 MHz, Hewlett Packard, sol- 
id state calibrated, manual S290.00. 1 (800) 
835-6335 X-159. 

SECRET cable descramblers! Build your own 
tie scrambler for less than Sl2 00 in se'^ oa*y 
Steps, Cortiptete instructions SiO 00. Radio 
ShacM parts list ard trm descrambJmq meinods 
lhat CQS\ nothing to try included. HARRYWHITE, 
PQ Box 17900. Baytown, TX 77520. 


WIRELESS CABLE RECEIVERS 1.9 TO 2,7 GHi 


m IQI #KSZZ CATUflG Ok mm 

mimi, *L mm jueq dtker f m 


CABLE converters, retail at wholesale prices. 
Overstock reduction sale. Eicample RTC-SS 
$79,00 ea. Star com 6 as law as SI 49 .00, Aii 
makes available. MT. HOOD ELECTRONICS 

(206) 260-0107. 

PREVEMT de scrambler damage. Don't bite tlie 
bulioll Snooper stopper data btocker $29.95, VJO- 
EO CONNECTIONS. 1 (BOO) 933-3038. 

STARCOM 6. Tocorti. Dai^. Pioneer, Soenttfic At- 
lanta, 2en4h. as Sow as S39.00, KABLE KON- 
NECnON (702) 433-0959, 


RECEIVING TUBES 

OVER 3000 nPES W STQCKi 

Also hard'tD'tind transJormers. capict- 
tDrs i/id pans for tube «Quip mem. 
S^nd $2. 00 for our 32 page ca(^k)Q. 

ANTIQUE ELECTRONIC SUPPLY 

6?21 S, Maple Ave,*Tempe, AZ a5233'602'e20-5411 


CABLE TV. Zeniiti. Jorrofd, Oak. ScienUnc Alian- 
la. Hamlin, Tocom. whofesaJo to all ULTIMATE 
CABLE PRODUCTS. (702 J $46-6952 

PCB: Printed orcu:! board an work made to your 
Specifications plotted on Uansparen^. Multr layer 
and surface component capatrie. Orcul t>oard 
production available, free estimate send sche- 
matic to NEGRON ENGINEEFIING, 159 Garfield 
Place, Brooklyn, NY 11215. Fax (718) 768-4028. 

CABLE descramblefsl Absolutely the lowest 
prices ! All maiOf brarxJs. Nobody beaLsourpnces' 
CABLE PRICE CLUB, 1 {800) 377 9742, 

NO B00# — no catalog — r>o tKiii! Just Lhe t>est 
prices on Zenith ar>d SAdosaamblors, Afso avail- 
able — lum-on kits, can (305; 25-4378 

PRINTED circuit boards. Plated, ciched and ma- 
chined to your desiqn. Small runs OK. Call or 
write: SHORE PRINTED CIRCUITS, 36 Faifvi(>w 
Awonuo. Uttio Sliver, NJ 07739, (908) 747-6300, 1 
(800) 752-1574. Fax (908) 747-6301. 


POWEH inverter 100% portable 1 15V AC 12V DC 
100W from built in rechafoable battery 13 lbs 
SI 85.00 plus S^O OO S H. Circuit and brochure 
only $10,00 {Refundable when orderirrg inverter). 
PROGRESS TECH, 13222 Carolyn St.. CerritOS. 
CA 90701. 

PC boards: Professional quality. 30 ctay guarmrv- 
tec. beat ali prices A & D. PO Bon 31 1. Auburn, Ml 

-taSll. (517) 662-6633. 

PLATED thru t>oie printed circuits. $25.00 mini* 
mum Fast turnaround. For more information call 
AP CIRCUITS. (403} 250^3406 or BBS (403) 
291-9342 {8.n.1), 


FREE CATALOG 


FAMOUS "FIRESTIK^^ BRAKQ CB ANTENNAS 
AND ACCESSORIES. QUALITY PRODUCTS 
FDH THE SERIOUS CB^er. SINCE 1962 


FIRESTIK ANTENNA COMPANY 
2614 EAST ADAMS 
PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85034 


TUBESr "(^st/ "latest/ Parts and scnemaiics 
SASE for lists, STEIKMET2, 7519 Maplewood 
Ave.. R.E-, Hammond, IN 46324. 

RESTRICTED technical information: Electronic 
surveiliance. schematics, locksmithing, covert 
sciences, hacking^ etc Huge selection. Free 
brochures. MENTOR-Z. Drawer 1549. Asbury 

Pafk, NJ 07712 


PLANS AND KITS 

FASCINATING electronic devices! Dazers! 
Lasers! Transmitters' Detectors! Free energy! 
Tesia! Kits' assembled! Catalog S4.00 (refunda' 
ble) QUANTUM RESEARCtT, MBX^n Ave . 
Edmonlot^, AB- T5T 2S1 

H O B B b ro ad casti ng^ HA M ' 06 / stf rvei llan c e 
iranseutters. amp'ifiers. cabfe TV sdefce. bugs, 
other great proiecis! Cataloo St .00. PAN AXIS, 
Box 130-F9. Paradise, CA 95967, 


REMOTE CONTROL KEYCHAIN 

fUijr iftien-isfed mcliKfing p?#n» 
to txjfc'd your own *uto BJarrn 

D Add * 7 ohippina 
5@S19.95, 10@$14,9$ 

V isilOCl Inc. O^x 1 4 1 56, Fremont, Ca. 94539 
{510)651-1425 : Fax (510) 651-8454 


D ESC RAMBLER kits, Gomptete cabte kitS44.95, 
Complete satellite kit $49,95 Add S5.00 shipping. 
Free brochure No New York sates, SUMMIT RE. 
Box 489, Bronx, NY 10465, 

VIDEOCIPHER I i ' sal el f i te, sea n ne r; ca ble/am a- 
teur/cellular.'reparr manuals^ modification tjooks, 
sofiwaie. Catalog — S3. 00. TELECODE, PO Box 
6426 FIE, Yuma. AZ 85366-G426. 

KENWOOD & ICOM service bulletins. ITS ^ 
pages co-.t?rirkg all nno<ie!s S39.95. Caiakig — 
S3 00, CODS (602) 782 2316 . FAX (602) 
343-2141. TELECODE, Box 6425-RE. Yuma. A2 
85366-6426, 

FREE! Fabulous caiafog of sensational kils LNS 
TECHNOLOGIES, 20993 Foothill Blvd.. Suite 
307R. Hayv^ard, CA 9454M5n, 

SURVEILLANCE, counter surveillance, secur- 
ity devices. Room arxJ phor\e monitors, bug de- 
tectors, aiarms. stur>c:ufns, t?tc. Send S3 00 fo^ 
catalog, HOME VU mIrcHANDISE. Box 3B371. 
Detrotr, Ml 48238, 

ROBOTlCSt Bui Id Hi* Yourself! Hobby, personal, & 
service fobot types — designs, parts and plans. 
Catalog S1,0(5. directory SlO OO. IPC, Suite 
251 BE. 1019-A Old Monrovia Rd . Hunts ville. AL 
35806, 


REMOVE 

LEAD 

VOCALS 

From 
ne«^ S CO « 
513-444 


Bui Id this kit whic;!] mmoww t 
vocals rrom ttvuiajd ftefvti reco 
CD tap« or FM broadcasts £ 
als^r^g tha t^tckg round mu 
tise witli any homo campofi 
ttereo Additiof^aJ kit adds revert 
your voice. Eh*n mins il rtitft mu 
Pre-Bs»iiibliMd bo^jrds Ki 
5. Ca;5 of WTttfi tOf ffo« til 
Weeder Tnfanologles, t4 
LJAd£«y Rd , m. Ora^. Ohio 45!! 


SURVEILLANCE Iransmttter kits lune from E 
to 305 MHz. Mains powered duplex, telephoni 
room, combinalron teleptrone room Catalog wil 
Popular Communications, Popular ciei 
trontcs and Rad Jo-Electronics bo^k review i 
'"Electronic Eavesdropping Equipment Di 
sign/' S2 00 SHEFFiELO ELECTBONiCS, R 
B-Dit 37778M:. Chicago. IL 60637-77S5 

CELLULAR tiackors bible. Theory — hacks - 
modilicaiions — S53,95, TELECODE, PO Bo 
6426-RE, Yuma, A2 85366 6426. 


SATELLITE TV 


FREE catalog — Lowest prices wcrtdAide. SK^ 
VISION^ 1012 Frontier Fergus Falls. MN 56537. 
(800) 334-6455. See tuli page ad the Shoppe 

section. 

SATELLITE TV — Do it yourself — major brand 
discounted, we'll beat everyone^ price. Cb\\ LAR 
RY (609) 596-0556. 


CABLE TV 
DESCRAMBLER LIQUIDATION! 


FREE CATALOGf 
Hamtln Combos $44, Osk M35B S60 (min. 5K 


WEST COAST ELECTRONICS 

For Information: 818-709-1758 
Catalogs & Orders: 800-623*9856 


BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES 

YOUR own radio Station! Licensed unlicensed 
AM. FM. TV, cable Infonnatfon S1 00. BROAD- 
CASTtNG, Box 130-F9. Paradtse. CA9S967, 

LET the government finance your small txjsjness. 
Grants loans 10 5500,000. Free recorded mes- 
sage: (707) 449-6600. (KSl) 

MAKE S75 ,000.00 10 $250,000 00 yearly or mofO 
I i Xing IBM color monitors. No investmerrt, start 
doing it from your home (a telephor^e required). 
Information, USA, Canada 52 00 cash for bro- 
chure, other coi! nines Si 0 00 US furids RAN- 
DALL DISPLAY, Box 2168-R, Van Nuys. CA 
91404 USA, FAX (618) 990-7603 

CONTINGENCY paieni licensir^a No fees any- 
time. Three decades expenenceilaw, technology, 
negollntlons. PROPAT INTERNATIONAL COR- 
PORATION, 441 Summer Street. Stamford, CT 

06901 (2031 325-3344. 


BEST BY MAIL 

Rat*«: Writ* N4tk>nAL Box S. S«r«icU, FL 34230 


OF INTEREST TO ALL 


RETIRE EARLY 1 '900-770-3345 CODE AS 51 SO Mention 

Coda m 

BURGLAR ALARMSr WHOLESALE SfindS5.00 For ArrraZ' 
ino CatsEoQufj GEobal Bcrcuitty, 672 Oldmlll Road, SuHq 

3a. QPTr^l M.llery.ino. -MP gfl08 

BOOKS ' CATALOGS ■ MAOAZINES 


a UHUmiED 2nd CREDiT FiLE! 
CALL 614-239-8284, EjtL 1 
WRITE: 4lh LIMITED* BOX 3243M1E-COL ,0H 


Start a money-making career in 
video/audio servicing! 

3nly NRf gets you started fast with real-world training designed around 

state-of-the-art equipment you keep! 


's newly expanded training c ov- 
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ertainment electronics, then takes 
rnsrde today's hrgh-tech equip- 
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our course: 1 3 " color TV, pro- 
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ions of dolJars of video/audio 
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you 

rv\ iifvrr !>rrn a \t*^l\vr limo In pri 
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£\|iiTt!4 [irt-iiirt thai oiti'^timf^rH nf 
Wiiiiiiiii t'([uijimrnt will ^jvi*nil iki4*r$26 
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idurl tiiiinv:it]iMi niriin^ iirsv opjMirtu- 

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b(iM- opgiiirtiinilir> |>y pviti|;yfiu tlit- 
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e most advanced, most 
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u titarl vvitli Ivssirii.s tliut ^ivi' y*ni a 
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leo/nufiiii iMjiJ] pRiriit . 

Tlivn you IhiIIiI nn lliiit fniiniialifm 
you r\|iliirt' thr lii^h If^rhiitilopy uf tlip- 
rnnlrirt^, flD^v ami diininl auiliti liijn* 
lyers, lulvam'nl T\ systriUfi, iniJkli* TV. 

crtijniiri'»'>c>r>. 

Hrsl of all, yijnVi* |irt> 
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State-of^the^rt equipment 
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theory come to life 

Oul) MU '/iw^ ytm mucfi n-^ubiAnrld 
i-i[iii]uui-uL ... n\\ yiMir>{ lo iraitt with aud 
krt'|il Cn-l liaiitis-iui ox|>(*rirurr as yiiu 
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rultTtaiumriil vysirm: a l-i*' rfih>r T\ 
Hilh rritifitr, a pru^raninialilr \CR, aud 
an inti*!*rati*tl n^miilf-ronmilh"*! auilio 
r^yj^h'^iti inrluiliri^ A^1/FM tiiiirr* llHl \^alt 
aui|ilifit-r^ <T) jilay^T, dual i as^elle |day- 
t^r^ turiitahlt*, s(n»akrrs, and audio rai'k 
rnhint't. 

TfitMu'V rikrijrs to lift' a^- yoii learn lo 
]U'iTonn iMjjiipotLrnl-lrVTJ dia^iio.^i!^ aiul 
MTvlri* cm advunt rrl terliriiilofTy i^ndio 
rqiiipriK'nt ... cfmdiu'i in-sot iirnKin^t ra- 
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anil reriire tciday'^ romtnrrrial \ CH^. 

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Ho experience necessary 
NRi builds it in 

Villi tiiM'd no prf^s ifMJs i^xpiTit^urr in rlrc*- 
Ironir^ tn '-urre<»d wiili NRI. Sirp by Mfj>, 
yim arrnmnlale thi; kuowlrd^i- iiiul praoti- 
ral <*\prrirnrp that will niakr )iiu uinqne- 
ly ijualifii'd for today^ opportnmlif^ in 
htiRif^ f ntiTtainmi^nt idrrtronir*. 

Yon Iram at yonr own \mrv and on 
your own timi^. And all thnni-ifKiut yonr 
training, you havi* thi' full ^upjiorl r>f your 
p<*r?ional XHl instmrior and ihiM^uIin* 
NRI Irrluiit id staff. 

FREE catalog tells more 

If tbi- 1 iinptio mi-s-i^inp, writr lo 
NRI SrtoioU, ^Irdraw-Hill Ctinlinuinp 
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Airnnr. \ % . Wa^hinston. DC imm. 


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SEND TODAY FOR FREE NRI CATALOG 


99^9M Sr-liiiiilM 

MfGniw-lliU ( jMiiiniiin^ I'Miu jUiim rr-iio^r 
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irk oni' fKKK cataIo|z only 


Irsnrrr 1.'^»|nm lljililir* 
iijii|iriiVt-tl iiiulrr fpl Kilt 


D TA'A'iflrfi/Aodit* 5^r>irin|r 

O \1irrikrfim|iiM<*r Server in|; 

Q Otmptiter I'riv^amminfE 

O Tf-ltH-omnuinirnHnn^ 

Q |*<! Ajipliriitiim'i Spt^rinlhl 

□ |*r*i{sraniioiii|; m C++ wiih WindowH 


O [Wktup PublUhin^ & Dni|;ii 

O Klrr I rtinir M \\% ir Trf^hnoIogT 

D Hrirnr ln^pM rti*ii 

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O Etii'^ir Etrrlrunii^ 

n lliiiikkerplii^ ^ Accoitnliiifi 


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3-092 


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A Monumental Selectioi 


Test/Measurement and Prototype Equipment 


ifinieco SoMeriess BreadbMirds 


suhsbk for vmny kinds of pmiDiyping ind circuli design. Larger mtxleU feature a 
heavy-duty aluminum backin|i wiin vpliagi^ and grounding poiit^. 


Metex Dicpifal MulHmelers 

• Handheld, high accuracy • Mcaswra AC/ DC \tjhjpr. 
AC/IXi current, rrsisiance^ diodes, cciniinuity'* ami 
namisior current pin (cxcciit M3%0) 

• Manual ranging w/avaloaif prmeoion 
■ Comci with probes^ baiierks, case and mantul 
M5650&M4650only; 

• AImi nicaiurci frcqucnC)^ and capadurice 
M380O y S D rgji M ilk Unifier .... ... $39.95 

3.5 Digit MukimrtcT 559.95 


MJ94NI 
MJ650 
M4650 


^^ i Vr Poinfa Pwn Trice 


JE21 3.25 li, 1 25 400 0 $4.95 
JE25 6.50 1 2. 1 25 S5tt n 6.95 
}E24 6^iM2S \jm 2 12,95 


Ptn 


Dim. 


GiEtLact BindiftB 


JE25 4500 1 4.25 M)60 3 517-95 
JE26 6j75itl7^ 2J90 4 24.95 
JE27 "J^m'.sn J.220 4 32,95 


0oMStar 20Mllx Dual Trace O^cilloscopa 

"Hie pcffpti uidi for todiyi 
ic^tini; jnd meajurcrnent 
nmlil Features include a 
CR1' diipb>'H and hihd^idtk 
frfim IX: ru 20 xMH?. The 
' ' i tsdUtHcopc ojmcs 

:Lis-i. I^mff ODtdt OfCfttHUl 

4Ad w->inf ifiignnL It^ 
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&k1 mdfgaiSast¥otcaT 


HARDWARE HACKER 

contfnued from page 93 


Whole Earth Review. There are 
bunches of independent and non- 
profit inventor's organizations out 
there. One I can heartily recom- 
nnend is Ed Zimmer's hventor-En- 
trepreneur Network. For other 
regional sources, check out the 
Encychpedia of Associattons that 
you will probably find at your local 
library. 

No* 1 just do not know of anyone 
anywhene who is dumb enough to 
buy raw, unproven, or undeveloped 
ideas. But I do know of several 
someones who sometimes might 
be interested in looking at tightly 
targeted products if those products 
are now in their pre-prnduction pro- 
totype stage and currently under ac* 
live end-user beta testing. 

For instance, Mark Gottleib of 
Design Tech International is looking 
for innovative approaches to low- 
end consumer electronics, es- 
pecially for those items that can be 
blister packed and need no con- 
sumer smarts to use. 

Dennis Carper of Redmond Ca- 
ble is seeking tested and proven 
interconnect and adaptor products 
that clearly solve obvious and well- 
defined problems. 

John Simonton of PAIA Cand a 
frequent author in Electronics 
Now) sometimes seeks out items 
with kit possibilities, especially if 
they are related to MIDI or elec- 
tronic music. 

And Steve Ciarcia of his Micro 
Mint is occasionally interested in 
any embedded processor applica- 
tions — if they are unique. 

Besides my own PSFTT RoundTa- 
bie on GEnie, you might also want to 
check out their HOSB. short for 
Home Office and Smalt Business. 
I've also formed my loosely knit 
Synergetics Consultants Network 
that centers on our voice helpline. 
Give me a call if you need mom 
information. 

New tech 111 

From Texas Instruments, seven 
pounds of revised fineardata books. 
Volume I is on op-amps; volume II is 
on A/D, DSR and video: and vol* 
ume ill is on voltage regulators and 


really oddball stuff. 

A pair of very readable ne 
books: The Triumphs and Trials ofi 
Organ Builder, by Jerome Marl 
owitz, CEO ot Allen Organ, and pul 
lished by the Vox Humania Presi 
Among the other things, it reveal 
how trivially easy it is to have ar 
technically solid and perfectly vaS 
patent busted in court. Just bi 
cause some epstion minus does m 
happen to like you. 

Plus Accidental Empires by th 
pseudonym Robert X Cringle^ 
newly published by Addiso 
Wesley. Subtitled How the toys t 
Silicon Valley make all their milliom 
battle foreign competition, and st 
can 't get a date. This book has 
double handful of very hinny oni 
liners in it. But otherwise it read 
like something that Cringley woul 
write. 

I've found very few trade joumal! 
devoted to electronic servicing 
One useful new one. though, i: 
MSM. the Magazine of Servict 
Management. The magazine puts i 
big emphasis on computer service 
and identification of sources fo 
printer and disk-drive replacemen 
parts and assemblies. 

A great collection of navigatior 
books. GPS (global positioning sat 
el(iles) and otherwise, is offered b^ 
the Navtech Information Service 
And a new Spread Spectrvm Seem 
labor-of-love newsletter has recently 
started publication. 

Two firms apparently still offer tof 
octave generators and other classic 
electronic organ chips. The first is 
Fistell Microelectronics and the 
other is Keyboard Systems. The lat- 
ter also builds workaround replace- 
ment modules for chips that are 
truly unavailable. 

Turning to some of my own prod- 
ucts, yet another obvious and major 
product selling resource is my re- 
cently improved Incredible Secret 
Mon^ Machine 11. The autographed 
copies are available per my n earthy 
Synergetics ad. 

As usual. I have gathered many of 
the resources mentioned together 
into the Names S Numbers or the 
F^duct Marketing Resources side- 
bars. Be sure to check those out 
before you use our no-charge tech 
helpline or call for a Free hacker se- 
crets brochurB. R-E 


ATV DOWNCONVERTER 

continued from pnge 84 


wided for you to make your 
vn boards and the parts-place- 
lent diagram is shown in Fig, 

First instaJl resistors R1-R13, 
nd R15-R17. Next, Install all 
apacltors except the chip ca- 
acitors and CIO. Install mixer 
IL and then wind and install 
Dlls LI. L2. L3, L5, L6. L7, L8. 
Coils LI. L2. and L3 are three 
arns each of 20 AWG tinned 
ire wound around a No. 8 
crew as a form (see Fig. 5) and 
nen stretched to a length of 0,3 
nch with the turn spacing 
venly maintained. All three of 
hose coils must be tapped as 
hown in Fig. 5, The lead from 
1 (which can be coaxial 50- 
■hm line) has its center conduc- 
or soldered to LI at % turn from 
he grounded end. Resistor R5 
5 soldered Vh turns from the 
nd of L2 that connects to R6. 
:7, and C8. Coil L3 is tapped at 
turn from the grounded end. 
Coils L6 and L7 are 8 turns 
!ach of 22 AWG enamelled wire 
vound on a No. 8 screw The 
icrew is removed after winding 
he coll. Coil L8 Is 9¥i turns of 
12 AWG enamelled wire, wound 
he same way as L6 and L7. 
Howeven after winding, the No. 
3 screw is removed and a ferrite 
uning slug is screwed into the 
binding as shown in Fig. 5. RF 
2hoke L5 is installed as if were a 
resistor. 

Install 92. 93. DL D2. and 
D3. Now install the chip capaci- 
tors. Chip capacitors require 
special Installation pro- 
cedures — and they all moun t on 
the solder side of the PC board. 
Figure 6 shows where all of the 
chip capacitors, CIO [which 
well get to in a moment}, and 91 
are mounted on the solder side 
of the board. As for the chip ca- 
pacitors, first tin the area on the 
PC board where a chip is to be 
installed. Then hold the chip in 
place with the tip of a small 
screwdriver or tweezers and 
tack solder one side. After its 
tacked in place, fully solder both 
sides of the chip. 

Now install Ql, whose long 
lead is the drain. Make sure you 


use a grounded iron and work 
in a static-free area. TVeat QIbs 
you would a delicate CMOS IC, 
The tuning pK>tentiometer (R14) 
can be mounted in different po- 
sitions for added flexibility; It 
can be mounted off the board 
for remote tuning purposes. 

Make sure all holes marked 
**G" in Fig. 4 have jumper wires 
passed through them and sol- 
dered on both sides of the PC 
board as shown in Fig. 7. Also, 
both sides of the board must be 
grounded together with copper 
loll tape, also as shoWiTi in Fig. 7, 
Once the tape is in place, solder 
both sides. 

Next make capacitor CIO, 
Tkke a small square of G-IO. 
0,062 material (the same as the 
PC board material) and trim it 
to a ^/i6-inch square. Install It on 
the solder side of the board as 
shown in Fig. 8, Connect coax- 
ial 50-ohm cables to Jl and J2, 
and DC power leads to D3 and 
ground. Set trimmer capacitors 
CI. C5. and C6 to about 20% of 
maximum, and set C9 to about 
80% of maximum. If you use 
R14, it can be set halfway. lfR14 
is not used, RIO should be tem- 
porarily connected to a supply of 
about +8 volts. Figure 9 shows 
the author's prototype, 

Ttme up 

Timing consists of peaking 
the tuned circuits for best re- 
ception. Using a frequency 
counter connected across R12, 
adjust C9 for a nominal fre- 
quency of 370 to 375 MHz. If 
installed, R14 should vary that 
by about :£ 15 MHz. !f R14 is not 
installed, 0 to +12 volts applied 
to RIO should do the same. The 
oscillator might stop if less than 
2 volts is applied to RIO— which 
Is acceptable as long as you can 
obtain a frequency range of 30 
MHz. 

Connect the converter to a TV 
set tuned to channel 3 and to an 
external antenna for ATV recep- 
tion. Find a signal and peak LI. 
L2, and L3 for the best picture. 
You can also use an RF signal 
generator tuned to 435 MHz if 
no on-the-alr signal is available. 
As a last resort, you can also 
peak LL L2. and L3 on noise. 

It is also possible to experi- 
mentally peak the converter on 


UHF channels 14. 15, or 16 if no 
other signals are available. Set 
C9 for a L.O. frequency of 
around 410 to 420 MHz. Note: 
This is onJy to see if everything 
works if there's no other way to 
obtain an ATV signal and you 
have no access to a signal gener- 
ator. You will later have to re- 
peak the converter to 420 to 450 
MHz. 

If a sweep generator Is avail- 
able, simply peak the converter 
for a response as shown in Fig* 
10. By trimming CIO {use a file 
on the edge of it) you can also 
experiment with the coupling 
and resultant bandpass shape. 
You can also do this with a cali- 
brated RF signal generator and 
a receiver and/or RF voltmeter 
but this will take more time. 

The converter should be 
mounted in a weatherproof 
metal box, if outdoor use is In- 
tended. A metal box reduces 
stray signal pickup, and also 
protects the converter from 
damage* 

If you will be remote-tuning 
the converter (as was shown in 
Fig, 3), the converter should be 
mounted right at the antenna 
or very close to it. That permits 
a short cable from Jl to the an- 
tenna, reducing signal losses. 
The converter can then be 
mounted as far as 300 feet from 
the TV monitor R-E 


PRAWIIMC BOARD 

continued from pBge 96 


case, you should trim the level be- 
cause the ctrcLitts we'll be building 
expect a 1-volt signal. 

The only other thing to notice 
herB — ^there just isn*t much to the 

circuit at all — is that the video signal ^ 

being fed to the base of the tran- % 

sistor is related to both positive volt- | 

age and ground through Rl and R2. |' 

The circuit is going to run on a regu- s 

fated 5-volt supply; it must be % 

steady because the level of the sup- m 

ply voltage is going to have an effect S 

on the level of the video. Wire up the 1 

circuit shown in Ftg. 4 and get the 8 

video source in place. When we get o 

together next time we'll start de- * 
signing some kind of circuit to screw 

up the signal. R-E ^og 


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177 FJectrvnic Goldmine 1 10 

— Elect rtmlcfi Tech. Today IS 

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m GlobiU Specialties ........3 

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53 IVtD Flectninies UO 

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ISO NTE EJectronics , . , , ,27 

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190 Sea Jaj Development ......... 88 


Free Information Number Pai 

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183 y.S. Cable I 

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