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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
HARRIMAN ALASKA SERIES
VOLUME X
CRUSTACEANS
BY
MARY J. RATHBUN, HARRIET RICHARDSON, S. J. HOLMES, and LEON J. COLE
CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
1910
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ADVERTISEMENT.
The publication of the series of volumes on the Harriman Alaska Expedition of 1899, heretofore pri- vately printed, has been transferred to the Smithsonian Institution by Mrs. Edward H. Harriman, and the work will hereafter be known as the Harriman Alaska Series of the Smithsonian Institution.
The remainder of the edition of Volumes I to V, and VIII to XIII, as also Volumes VI and VII in preparation, together with any additional volumes that may hereafter appear, will bear special Smithsonian title pages.
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, WASHINGTON, D.C., Juty, 1910
HARRIMAN ALASKA EXPEDITION WITH COOPERATION OF WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
ALASKA.
VOLUME X
CRUSTACEANS
BY MARY J. RATHBUN, HARRIET RICHARDSON, S. J. HOLMES, AND LEON J. COLE
NEW YORK DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY 4904
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CONTENTS
: PAGE
NN se Ca 4 ae pale Seal ala OUK Woke Oe oe Padets ba ix
Decapod Crustaceans of the Northwest Coast of North presets, MARY J. RATHBUN: oo ilcs cod cu ceeda ix I
Isopod Crustaceans of the Northwest Coast of North Amer- See FARRRIET RICHARDSON (256s bas eee ca bees 211
Amphipod Crustaceans of the Expedition. S.J. HOLMES. 231 Pycnogonida of the West Coast of North America. LEON
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PREFACE
Crustaceans were collected by several members of the Harriman Expedition, particularly by Professor Trevor Kincaid, Professor W. B. Ritter, and Dr. Wesley R. Coe. After the return of the Expedition these specimens were arranged by groups and sent to specialists for study. The Decapods have been elaborated by Miss Mary J. Rathbun, who has included in her investigation the exten- sive collections from the Pacific coast already in the United States National Museum, so that her paper may be regarded as a comprehensive revision of the group for the west coast of North America from California to Arctic Alaska. The Isopods have been treated by Miss Harriet Richardson, the Amphipods by Dr. S. J. Holmes, the Pycnogonids by Dr. Leon J. Cole. The chapter headings are from the facile pens of Mrs. Louise M. Keeler and Mr. F. A. Walpole—the Amphipods by Mr. Walpole, the others by Mrs. Keeler.
C, Hart MeErrtay, Editor.
WASHINGTON, D. C., May I, 1903
DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS OF THE NORTHWEST COAST OF NORTH AMERICA
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DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS OF THE NORTHWEST COAST OF NORTH AMERICA
BY MARY J. RATHBUN
CONTENTS. BOC gon oc nc cecces 6 ERWe sce jute chub beetese ee ereey 3 NCSC REIOR: 5 5's. :0:50 6 vin EMME 0 Wb ede Moles beds ha weaw.ey 4 RUEER HIM: ATISCEIUUION 5 o:5.4 6 5'e a cee 650 Bie cine Me ee Dae. e.6 sek 6 Distribution table..... EE re ee LEE TURE ET ET eee 8 munatic Giscussion Of Species 6 ..d gsc cascescvesecepescecearce 19 INTRODUCTION.
THIS report includes primarily the crabs and shrimps collected by the Harriman Expedition. In order to name the shrimps it became necessary to overhaul the large collection of undeter- mined material of that group which has accumulated in the U. S. National Museum. This was derived from several years’ work of the Albatross, and from the investigations of Dr. W. H. Dall and others, and embraces the entire coast from Arctic Alaska to southern California. The results of this study are given below, short descriptions of the new species having already been published in the Proceedings of the National Museum (XXIV, pp. 885-905, May, 1902). More than that, the accompanying list of species is designed to serve as a check-list of the Decapoda’ known to in- habit the region indicated, together with their distribution.
The collection in the National Museum affords exceptional
1The Anomura of the Museum collection, here listed, have been determined by Dr.
J. E. Benedict. The Alpheidz are to be reported upon by Dr. H. Coutiére of the Mu- seum at Paris; therefore the data given herein are quoted largely from Dr. Holmes.
(3)
4 RATHBUN
opportunities for studying the Pacific fauna, as the material is in some cases remarkably abundant. So rich in crabs and shrimps were some parts of the sea bottom explored by the A/batross that only a portion of each dredge haul was preserved for study, many a ‘peck’ or ‘quart’ of these animals being thrown over- board by the ship’s naturalists.
Our knowledge of the Decapod fauna of the Northwest is, for the most part, of recent growth. More than two fifths of the species enumerated below have been described within the last twelve years, while during that time our acquaintance with the species known to Brandt, Stimpson, Lockington, and other pio- neers in this field has been greatly extended.
In 1900 Dr. S. J. Holmes published a very useful ‘Synopsis of California Stalk-Eyed Crustacea,’* with descriptions of genera and species, and it has been thought unnecessary to repeat cita- tions for the species which he gives. An effort has been made to figure all the little-known species.
In addition to the general collection of Decapods made by Dr. William E. Ritter of the Harriman Expedition, those obtained by Dr. W. R. Coe and Professor Trevor Kincaid have been placed at my service.
One new species, a Beteus, is notable as the first Alpheid reported from as high a latitude as Sitka.
A remarkable case of dimorphism is here recorded for the first time: the cosmopolitan species Processa canaliculata Leach, more commonly known by the later name Vika edulis Risso, is found to possess in certain cases two chelate feet of the first pair instead of the characteristic asymmetrical disposition of a chelate foot on one side and a simple one on the other.
General features.—The Decapod fauna of the North Pacific is rich in individuals, if not in species or in variations of form.
In the mass of material examined (about 50,000 specimens) certain types were found to be largely in excess, namely, the Pan- dalid, Hippolytid, and Crangonid shrimps, the Pagurids or hermit- crabs, the Maioids or true spider-crabs, and the Lithodids or Anomuran spider-crabs.
In point of numbers the Pandalids take the lead. The most
1Occas. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci., vil, pp. 1-262, pls. I-IV, 1900.
DECAPODS 5
abundant species are Pandalus borealis and P. montagui, both boreal forms which descend from the Arctic regions into the At- lantic as well as the Pacific, but in the latter find conditions most favorable to their increase. The form of P. montagui inhabiting the Pacific exhibits modifications which entitle it to recognition as a distinct subspecies.
In number of species the genus Sfivontocaris of the family Hippolytide is unsurpassed. Like Pandalus, it is primarily a boreal genus, and is common to the Atlantic and the Pacific. In the Pacific it is represented by 51 species, exhibiting great diver- sity inform. Several are identical with Atlantic species.
Quite as conspicuous in the North Pacific fauna are the Cran- gonidz. These occur in great numbers, and exhibit 32 different forms, for the most part restricted to the Pacific.
The Paguridz, or hermit-crabs, occur in vast numbers, and some of the species appear to have local centers of distribution. Each of these species attains its maximum development, both as to size and numbers, in a particular area, while elsewhere it is stunted and infrequent.
Several of the spider-crabs (Maiidz) abound in shallow as well as in deeper water, and Oregonia, Chorilia, the two Chionecetes, and the two species of Hyas form no inconsiderable part of every haul of the dredge.
Less abundant are the Lithodidez or Anomuran spider-crabs, which include the giant Decapods of the region.
The crowding of crustacean life in certain localities is especially favorable to parasitism. Bopyrids (of a few species only) are of frequent occurrence on many species of shrimps'; Rhizocephalids are less common, while worm parasites have been noticed in sev- eral instances embedded underneath the carapace of Spirontocaris.
The Decapods contribute without doubt a large proportion of the food of fishes, several species having been taken from their stomachs; but our knowledge on this subject is very fragmentary.
Many species are caught for the market, to be used for the table or for bait. The list of these furnished in ‘The Fisheries and Fishery Industries of the United States,’ Washington, 1884,
1Miss Harriet Richardson will publish a report on the Bopyridz of the Museum collection in the Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum during the next year.
6 RATHBUN
is the only one so far published, but it is necessarily incom- plete.
Geographic distribution.—The following points are brought out in the accompanying table of distribution:
That Arctic species often continue southward through Bering Strait along the west coast of Bering Sea to Okhotsk Sea and the Kurile Islands.
That some of these species may also stretch along the Alaska shores southward, occasionally to Puget Sound or even farther south.
That the winter line of floating ice in Bering Sea determines |
the northern limit of many species. This line extends approxi- mately from the neighborhood of Nunivak Island westward just north of the Pribilof and Commander Islands to the Kamchatkan shore.
While many species range continuously from this line south- ward to California, others indicate a division of that stretch of coast-line into several faunz. So far as the Crustacea are con- cerned, the vicinity of Kadiak appears to be a boundary between subregions. Aleutian species, however, are often found out of their normal region, in the cold glacier-fed bays and sounds of southeastern Alaska.
The Straits of Fuca and Puget Sound also form a partial boun- dary between species, partial because, while nineteen species have Puget Sound for a southern limit, and nine species find here their northern limit, seventy others run uninterruptedly north and south of this point.
The vicinity of Monterey Bay, California, is a more striking barrier to species than those above mentioned, the crustacean fauna south of that promontory being strongly Mexican or Lower Californian in character.
In exceptional cases, as in Philyra pisum and Cancer amphia- tus, a Japanese species is found to occur in approximately the same latitude on the American coast, without obvious connection by way of Alaska.
As is to be expected, the inhabitants of the deeper waters of Bering Sea (below 500 fathoms) are likely to extend much farther south in the North Pacific Ocean than the shoal-water
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DECAPODS 7
species which follow the coast-line. The occurrence of some abyssal forms, as Hymenodora glacialis and H. frontalis, in the deep pocket (1569 fathoms) east of Prince of Wales Island is worthy of note.
The following is a list of the genera occurring below the 500- fathom line. Those whose range extends below 1000 fathoms are printed in italics:
Pasiphea Pagurus (2 species) Parapasiphz Parapagurus Acanthephyra Pristopus LHymenodora Leptolithodes Pandalopsis (1 species) Lithodes Spirontocaris (5 species) Munida Crangon (3 species) Munidopsis Sergestes Chorilia Benthesicymus Chionecetes Gennadas Hyas Calastacus
Dr. Dall * divides his Oregonian fauna, which stretches from the end of the Aleutian chain to Point Conception, California, into three subfaunal areas, with divisions at Yakutat Bay or Mount St. Elias, Alaska, and at Cape Mendocino, California.
Professor Nutting,” on the other hand, reasoning from his study of the Hydroids, emphasizes the effectiveness of Puget Sound as a faunal barrier and the continuity of the area between that point and the end of the Aleutian chain.°
It is highly probable that future research will make it possible to subdivide the coast into several small areas. The accompany- ing table shows the intricate overlapping of species.
1The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Pt. 111, 539-546, 1899.
2Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 111, 161, 1901.
3 Professor Nutting had not consulted Dr. Dall’s report above cited, in which state- ments made twenty-three years earlier are considerably modified,
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RATHBUN
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DECAPODS 19
SYSTEMATIC DISCUSSION OF SPECIES.
Suborder MACRURA. Family P4 S7/PH AIDA. Genus Pasiphza Savigny.
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF PASIPH/EA,
A. Carapace carinated throughout its length. B. Telson truncate, not forked ornotched .... . . magna. B’. Telson forked or notched. C. Branchiostegal spine over the angle of the antero-lateral
sinus . . . . pacifica. Cr Branchiostegal spine farther forward, near or on ‘anterior margin. D. Telson longer than sixth segment ... . emarginata. D’. Telson shorter than sixth segment. Z.. Abdomen carinat@e +. 2. 2 ss 2 2 ss frinceps. E’. Abdomen not carinate . . © 6 « «© Corteziana. A’, Carapace not carinated in its posterior Ma Gy acs . affinis.
PASIPHAZA MAGNA Faxon?
Pasiphea magna Faxon, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XXIv, 209, 1893; Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., XVIII, 176, pl. XLV, figs. 2-2c, 1895. Gulfof Panama, 458 fathoms. Distribution.— From off Point Arena, California, to Gulf of Panama; 265 to 552 fathoms. Dredged by the A/datross at the following localities:
Off Point Arena, California, 455 fathoms, station 3348.
Off the Farallones, California, 552 fathoms, station 3162.
Off San Francisco, California, 276 fathoms, station 3479.
Off Pigeon Point, California, 296 fathoms, station 3112.
Off Monterey Bay, California, 418-456 fathoms, stations 3126, 3127. Off Point Sur, California, 328 fathoms, station 3186.
The identification of these specimens with . magna is doubtful, but as I have not had the opportunity of comparing them with the type, they are placed here provisionally. Though from the same depth of water, the integument is much firmer in our examples than in the type, the carapace is deeper and its dorsal outline less arched, the branchial ridge is straighter throughout the posterior half of its § course, the palm in the first pair of chele is longer than the fingers.
The largest specimen, an ovigerous female from station 3348, is 155 mm. long. The tel- son is a little longer than the sixth segment of son (x ‘ah "Stat 33 i
20 RATHBUN
the abdomen, and reaches about to the end of the inner uropod; it is broadly channeled, extremity truncate or slightly convex, and armed with about 13 slender bristles. Eyes brown in alcohol. In the first pair of legs the palm is about one third longer than the fingers; in the second pair the right merus has 14 spines, the left 13.
PASIPHZZA PACIFICA Rathbun.
Pasiphea pacifica RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 905, 1902.
The carapace is a little less than half the length of the abdomen, measured on the median line; it is laterally compressed and rises into a well-marked ridge extending nearly to the posterior margin and terminat- ing anteriorly in the median tooth; the ridge is rounded except on
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the forward part of the gastric area, where it forms a thin, sharp keel terminating in a sharp pointed tooth, which is not nearly so advanced as the anterior margin. ‘This tooth is variable, being more or less inclined upward; its terminal portion is usually slender, its anterior margin con- cave. Median tooth of frontal margin narrow, rounded; infra-orbital and antennal angles rounded and ill-defined; antero-lateral angle rounded and slightly obtuse. Behind this angle the antero-lateral margin runs almost directly backward for a short distance, then turns abruptly downward, forming an obtuse angle, and joins obliquely the infero-lateral margin. Above this sinus there is a sharp spine on a level with the middle of the basal segment of the antenna, There is a well- defined blunt ridge on each side of the carapace, running from the
DECAPODS 21
hepatic area backward over the branchial region nearly to the posterior border of the carapace.
Eyes of moderate size, subglobular on somewhat smaller cylindrical stalks, the cornez of a dark brownish color.
The flattened antennular spine does not reach the end of the basal segment; both of the flagella exceed the carapace in length. The second antennz exceed in length the whole body; there is an acute spine on the peduncle below the articulation of the scale; the scale is long-oval, armed with a spine at the distal end, and overreaches the antennular peduncle by a third of its length.
The third maxillipeds extend as far forward as the end of the antennal scale.
The first pair of legs, when extended forward, surpass the third maxillipeds by the length of the dactylus; the merus is either unarmed, or may have one, two, or even three spines; the basal part of the propodal segment is half again as long as the dactylus. The second pair of legs are longer than the first by about half the length of the fingers, and have longer and more slender chelze; the second segment is armed with a small spine at the distal end of its inferior margin. The third pair reaches forward a little beyond the proximal end of the chela of the preceding pair; except for the first two segments, they are thread- like; all the segments are naked and unarmed; the merus is about one half the length of the whole appendage, and more than twice as long as the propodus. The fourth pair of legs reaches scarcely to the middle of the merus of the second pair; the lower margin of the dactylus, propodus, and distal half of the carpus is fringed with bristles. The fifth pair, when extended, reach to the middle of the merus of the second pair; the dactylus is elongate-oval, the margin of its distal half fringed with long sete.
The second to sixth abdominal segments inclusive are carinated on the median line. The sixth segment is from two thirds to three fourths longer than the fifth; it is marked on either side by a curved longitudinal ridge. Telson four fifths as long (==> as sixth segment; dorsal surface channeled; extremity 76 3,0e(ge Ae with a deep notch, bordered by spinules, which in- Sttion 345s: crease in size and are continued to the posterior outer angle of each lobe; the outer spinule is considerably longer than the others and is very often broken off. _
Dimensions.—Length of female, 64.8 mm.; length of carapace, 20.3 mm,
Distribution.—This species occurs sparingly from Unalaska and the
22 RATHBUN
Gulf of Alaska southward to the Gulf of California, in 53 to 399 fathoms (one specimen from 13 fathoms, if the label be correct). The following are the specific localities of the A/batross represented :
North of Unalaska, 399 fathoms, station 3329.
Portlock Bank, Alaska, 230 fathoms, station 2858.
Off Queen Charlotte Sound, British Columbia, 204 fathoms, station 2861. Queen Charlotte Sound, British Columbia, 238 fathoms, station 2862. Gulf of Georgia, British Columbia, 67 fathoms, station 2863.
Strait of Fuca, 135-152 fathoms, stations 3449, 3454-3456.
Puget Sound, 82 fathoms, station 3067.
Off Tahwhit Head, Washington, 178 fathoms, station 3076.
Off Pigeon Point, California, 296 fathoms, station 3112.
Monterey Bay, California, 13-382 fathoms, stations 3134, 3202, 3669. Off Point Sur, California, 316, 328 fathoms, stations 3188, 3186 (type). Off San Simeon Bay, California, 53 fathoms, station 3191.
Off San Luis Obispo Bay, California, 252 fathoms, station 3195.
Off Point Conception, California, 278, 284 fathoms, stations 3198, 2892. Santa Barbara Channel, California, 233-280 fathoms, stations 2840, 2960,
3199, 3200, 3201. Off San Miguel Island, California, 376 fathoms, station 2896.
Off Santa Cruz Island, California, 266, 269 fathoms, stations 2947, 2948.
Off San Diego, California, 339 fathoms, station 2925.
Gulf of California, northwest of Tiburon Island, 145 fathoms, station 3015. pee Sa Our species differs from the others with carinated carapace in having
the branchiostegal spine situated above the angle of the antero-lateral
sinus,
PASIPHAZZA EMARGINATA Rathbun.
Pasiphea emarginata RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 905, 1902.
I have proposed the name P. faxoni for P. acutifrons Faxon, not Bate. There are in the National Museum specimens which I believe to be B acutifrons Bate, from the west coast of Patagonia, 194 fathoms, station 2784, Albatross. FP. faxoni differs from them in the broader median lobe of the front; in the antero-lateral sinus being an obtuse angle, while in P. acutifrons it is a right angle or less; in the sixth abdominal segment compressed, blunt above, scarcely carinate, in P. acutifrons sharply cari- nate; in the telson much shorter than the sixth segment, in P. acutifrons very little shorter; in its shallower notch, which is broader than long.
P. emarginata differs from P. faxoni as follows:
The median carina is less sharp and less prominent; the gastric tooth smaller; the carapace proportionally higher in its posterior portion, the branchial ridge more sinuous; the carapace relatively longer, being equal to the first five segments and half of the sixth segment of the abdomen;
DECAPODS 23
the telson is longer than the sixth segment, and at the posterior end is notched with a very shallow V-shaped sinus, so shallow that the extremity can hardly be called ‘ forked.’ Dimensions.— Length of female 81 mm., of carapace 33.3 mm. .
Distribution.— Santa Barbara Chan- nel, California, 265 to 322 fathoms (= : é (A lbatross stations 2903, 2904, 2960, Fic. 4. Pasitheaemarginata. %. Station
3200, and 3201). Gulf of California, 45%,,¢Sige view of carapace (x 18). 6.
off Concepcion Bay, Lower California, 857 fathoms, station 3009 (type locality).
PASIPHAA PRINCEPS Smith.
Pasiphaé princeps SMITH, Rept. U. S. Commr. Fish and Fisheries for 1882, p. 381, pl. V, fig. 2 (1884); of. cé¢. for 1885, p. 682 (1886). Pasiphacia princeps F AXON, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., XvIII, 175, 1895.
One large female, 167 mm. long, was dredged by the AZbatross off Sea Lion Rock, Washington, in 859 fathoms, station 3075; and one small specimen about 47 mm. long, north of Unalaska, in 399 fathoms, station 3329-
I have at hand only one specimen determined by ProfessorSmith. It was taken south of Marthas Vineyard in 538 fathoms, at station 2546. It measures 150 mm. long. It differs from the type in having the carina of the posterior two thirds of the carapace well marked though blunt, in the gastric tooth projecting well beyond the frontal margin, the anterior (or inferior) margin of this spine contiguous with the dorsal surface of the carapace in advance of the spine, and in having the merus of the first and second pairs of feet armed with numerous spines (instead of the first pair unarmed and the second pair few-spined). The antero-lateral sinus is rectangular, as in the figure of the type.
In five smaller specimens from off Cape Romain, South Carolina, 353 fathoms, station 2626, and two from off Marthas Vineyard, 349 fathoms, station 1093, the gastric tooth projects only a little beyond the frontal margin, and the antero-lateral sinus has margins oblique to each other; otherwise as in the preceding.
In the specimen from off Ecuador described by Faxon (vc. cit.) the merus of the first pair of feet is unarmed.
The Washington specimen agrees quite closely with that from station 2546, excepting that the median carina of the carapace is sharper along its posterior two thirds. The small individual from Bering Sea may
24 RATHBUN
prove to be distinct; the gastric spine is shaped as in the figured type, but a little narrower and more ascending; the merus of the first pair of feet has one or two spines, of the second pair many spines.
Distribution.—North Atlantic, from lat. 39° 56/ oo” N., long. 69° 45/ oo” W. to lat. 329 27’ 30” N., long. 77° 20! 30” W., 349 to 1342 fathoms. North Pacific: Bering Sea, 399 fathoms; Washington, 859 fathoms. Ecuador, 1132 fathoms.
PASIPHZZA CORTEZIANA Rathbun.
Pasiphea corteziana RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 905, 1902. Carapace equal to the first five segments and part of the sixth segment of the abdomen. Gastric tooth dentiform, continued back in a very blunt carina; tip acute, upper margin nearly horizontal, anterior margin in- clined slightly forward and upward, not as produced as the anterior margin of the carapace. Median lobe of front triangular, obtuse. ee ae Branchiostegal spine small, inserted near the antero-lateral angle just be- hind the anterior margin. Antero- _/* lateral sinus with sides forming an = obtuse angle. b SSS The eye-stalks are only slightly ER AEM PP EAI, aye enlarged distally, the cornez reddish Side view of sarauae (x 4. Telson (x 23). brown. The flattened antennular scale falls short of the end of the first peduncular segment. End of antennal scale more lobiform than in P. pacifica. The merus of the first pair of legs is armed with 3 or 4 spines; of the second pair, with many spines. Distal end of second segment of second pair ending in a small spine; fingers longer than palm. Abdomen without median carina. Telson very nearly as long as the sixth segment, and forked with a deep sinus. For the rest, almost as in P. pacifica. Dimensions.— Length of male 64 mm., of carapace 23.8 mm. Lype locality.— Near Cortez Bank, Calif., in lat. 32° 44’ oo” N., long. 119° 32’ oo” W., 776 fathoms (A/azross station 3627).
PASIPHAZA AFFINIS Rathbun.
Pasiphea affinis RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 905, 1902.
Very closely related to P. corteziana. Carapace equal to the first four segments and half of the fifth seg-
DECAPODS 25
ment of the abdomen; not carinated behind gastric tooth; outline much as in the preceding, as are also the eyes and antenne. Second to sixth abdominal segments inclusive carinate; telson very nearly as long as the sixth segment, less deeply notched than in Pusiphea corteziana.
The side view strongly resembles that of ee ° . ° SSDs eet ee terre pray Lf. corteziana, from which the carinated ab- acon a aaa eS n domen and shorter carapace without median =
carina at once distinguish it. Coe
Dimensions.—Lengthof male67mm.,length b of carapace 22 mm. teas spy as olsen Oe ah Type localitty.—Near Cortez Bank, Calif., Hand of second pair (x2). lat. 32° 17’ oo” N., long. 119° 17’ 00” W., 984 fathoms (Abatross station 2919).
Genus Parapasiphze Smith. PARAPASIPH SERRATA Rathbun.
Parapasiphe serrata RATHBUN, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 904, 1902.
Carapace and rostrum as long as the first five abdominal somites. The median carina extends backward to the posterior fifth of the cara-
Fic. 7. Parapasiphe serrata. (xX about 14). Station 2919.
pace or the cervical groove, and forward along the high thin rostrum which reaches half way along the eye-stalks; the carina is a little concave at the middle of the carapace and anteriorly slopes downward, and is armed with 16 small teeth or spines, two of which are on the rostrum and one is terminal; below this spine the rostrum is a compressed, finely crenulate lobe. Orbital and antennal angles blunt. There is a small spine just behind the orbital angle, and another still farther back in a
26 RATHBUN
line with the acicle. The branchiostegal sinus is rectangular, the angle rounded. From the post-antennal spine a ridge runs nearly straight back, with one interruption, almost to the posterior margin. A groove runs from just in front of the middle of the posterior margin vertically half way down the carapace.
Eyes light brown, almost colorless in alcohol, nearly as wide as their stalks. The antennular scale, which is foliaceous and hasa sharp spine at the upper extremity, is as long as the basal joint of the peduncle. Antennal scale nearly half as long as carapace proper, elongate-oval, with a stout midrib, and its outer border thickened and ending in a slender terminal spine.
The external maxillipeds, which are stouter than any of the last three pairs of legs, reach almost to the tip of the antennal scale; all their joints are setose; the antepenultimate segment is broadened in its middle por- tion, tapering at each end.
The first two pairs of legs are similar in form, the second pair the longer and about half the length of the body. In the first pair, the pos- terior border of the merus and palm are spinous, and the distal angles of the wrist are produced; the fingers equal the palm in length. In the second pair, the posterior border of the basis, ischium, merus, and palm is spinous; the angles of the wrist are more strongly produced; the fingers are nearly as long as the palm. In each case the hand forms about two fifths of the entire length. The filiform third pair (tip broken off) are equal in length to the carapace exclusive of the rostrum. The fourth and fifth pairs have the terminal joint narrow-oval; the fifth pair are the longer and two thirds the length of carapace.
The first three abdominal somites are non-carinate, the fourth is pos- teriorly produced in a thin compressed spine which is carinate and has a slight notch at its base, visible in profile; the sixth has a longitudinal groove on either side. The telson is a little longer than the sixth somite, shorter than the inner uropod, and much shorter than the outer one; it is truncate at the tip.
Dimensions.—In an egg-laden female the length of the carapace and rostrum is 23.6 mm., the rostrum 1.8 mm., the abdomen 42 mm.
Type locality.—Off Cortez Bank, Calif., 984 fathoms (A/batross station 2919), one female,
This species is akin to P. gilesii Wood-Mason, from the Indian Ocean, which also has a serrated carina running the whole length of the cara- pace, but the character of the rostrum alone separates it distinctly from that species. In FP. gilesii, the rostrum is a fine, acute, upcurved spine,
extending about a third of its length beyond the eyes.
DECAPODS 27
Family OPLOPHORIDA.. Genus Acanthephyra A. Milne Edwards.
ACANTHEPHYRA CURTIROSTRIS Wood-Mason.
Acanthephyra curtirostris WOoD-MASoN, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), VII, 195, 1891; IX, 364, fig. 5, 1892. Ill. Zool. Investigator, Crustacea, pl. III, fig. 4, 1892. —Faxon, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., xvill, 164, pl. XLIII, figs. 2-5, 1895.— ALCOCK, Desc. Cat. Indian Deep-Sea Crust., 81, 1901. Distribution.— Arabian Sea, 937-1043 fathoms; Bay of Bengal, 364- 913 fathoms; Andaman Sea, 922 fathoms (Alcock), From off San Diego, California, to off Gulf of Panama, 458-2232 fathoms. Off San Diego, 623 fathoms, one male of the typical form (A/datross station 2929); Gulf of California, 857 and 1oos fathoms (Albatross stations 3009 and 3010); see also Faxon, Joc, cit.
Genus Hymenodora Sars.
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF HYMENODORA,
A. Rostrum very short, not reaching beyond the first antennularsegment .. 0. =~ gh ~Reeeaans, A’. Rostrum reaching end of antennular peduncle » engite. ” JP OUMLEES,
HYMENODORA GLACIALIS (Buchholz).
iar glacialis BUCHHOLZ, Zweite Deutsche Nordpolarfahrt, 11, 279, pl. 1, Decne Cacials G. O. SARS, Arch. for Math. og Naturvid., 11, 241, 1877; Norske-Nordhavs-Exped., Crustacea, I, 37, 275, pl. Iv, 1885.— SMITH, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., VII, 501, 1885 (part); Rept. U. S. Fish Commr. for 1885, 678, pl. Xv, figs. 3, 10, pl. XVI, fig. 5, 1886. Distribution.— Between Norway and Greenland, lat. 63° to 80° N., 452 to 1862 fathoms (Norwegian North Atlantic Expedition); Faroe Channel (Knight Errant). East coast of North America (U. S. Fish Commission) : Lat. 42° 48/ 00” N., long. 50° 55/ 30” W., 826 fathoms (sta- tion 2428) ; lat. 40° 03! 30’ N., long. 67° 27/15” W., 1149 fathoms (station 2535); lat. 38° 19/ 26” N., long. 68° 20! 20” W., 2369 fathoms (Smith) ; lat. 37° 12! 20” N., long. 69° 36/00” W., 2949 fathoms (Smith). Bering Sea, south of Pribilof Islands, 1401 fathoms (station 3604), 1@. East of Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, 1569 fathoms (station 2859),2¢. Gulf of California, 857 fathoms (station 3009); go5 and 1218 fathoms (Faxon). Gulf of Panama, 1832 fathoms (Faxon). Off Ecuador, 1740 fathoms (Faxon).
28 RATHBUN
HYMENODORA FRONTALIS Rathbun.
Hymenodora frontalis Rathbun, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxXIv, 904, 1902.
Integument very thin, but firmer than in H. g/acialis; covered with fine wrinkles or rugose lines. Carapace and rostrum more than half as long as abdomen; median carina extending almost or quite to the mid- dle of the carapace, and advanced in a rostrum which is unusually long for the genus, being from two fifths to one half as long as the remainder of the carapace, and reaching the end or a little beyond the end of the antennular peduncle. The rostrum is a slender, sharp-pointed spine; distal half slightly curved upward and usually unarmed, basal half armed
Fic. 8. Hymenodora frontalis. % (X about 2). Station 3308.
with from 3 to 6 small spines above, two or three of which are beyond the line of the orbit. Occasionally there is a single spine on the distal half. Orbit deep; a tiny spine tips the suborbital lobe. Antennal spine strong ; from it a sharp carina runs back subparallel to the side margin quite to the posterior margin. Above this the branchial region bears a blunt ridge, chiefly longitudinal, but bent down at either end; a deep groove extends obliquely downward and backward from the orbital sinus nearly to the lower carina.
The eyes reach to the middle of the basal segment of the antennulz ; they are without pigment, and bear a slender, blunt spine close up to the cornea on the inner margin. The antennular peduncles are short, the segments diminishing successively in length; basal scale narrow-oval, as seen from above; upper flagellum very thick at base. Antennal scale lanceolate, outer margin nearly straight, tipped with a small spine; peduncle very stout, attaining the end of the first antennular segment.
DECAPODS 29
The outer maxillipeds do not reach the end of the antennal scale; the first pair of feet reach to the middle of the scale; the second pair extend not quite so far, and are more slender; the third pair reach nearly to or beyond the end of the scale; the fifth pair to the end of the antennal peduncle. The meral and propodal joints of the last three pairs are furnished with fine sete.
Abdomen devoid of a median carina or median spines; the sixth seg- ment is two and a half times as long as the fifth, and between three fourths and four fifths as long as the telson. The telson is about as long as the outer branch, longer than the inner branch of the swimmeret; it is armed with 7 to g spinules on either side and 4 long spines at the end. Eggs few and very large, the greatest diameter equaling the length of the fifth abdominal segment.
Dimensions.—Male, length of carapace and rostrum 19 mm., of rostrum 6.5 mm., of abdomen 32.5 mm.
Distribution—From Bering Sea to off Monterey Bay, California, and Kamchatka; 322 to 1771 fathoms.
Taken at the following stations of the Albatross :
North of Rat Islands, Aleutians, 850 fathoms, station 3784.
Southwest of Pribilof Islands, 1625, 1771 fathoms, stations 3308, 3603.
North of Islands of Four Mountains, 1033 fathoms, station 3307.
South of Pribilof Islands, 1401 fathoms, station 3604.
West of Unalaska (type locality), 322 fathoms, station 3327.
North of Unalaska, 399 fathoms, station 3329.
Southeast of Chirikof Island, 695 fathoms, station 3340.
East of Prince of Wales Island, 1569 fathoms, station 2859.
Off Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, 1588 fathoms, station 3342.
Off Destruction Island, Washington, 516 fathoms, station 3343.
Off Sea Lion Rock, Washington, 636-877 fathoms, stations 3070, 3071, 3°74, 3075-
Off Monterey Bay, California, 418 fathoms, station 3127.
Off Copper Island, Kamchatka, 1567 fathoms, station 3783. Relations.—The rostrum of this species approaches that of 1. rostrata
Bate, but is considerably longer; the pleon is like that of H. glacialis
(Buchholz), 1. glauca Bate, and 4. molicutis Bate in being without median
carina and spines. Family PALZMONIDA. Genus Palzemon Fabricius.
PALAZZMON RITTERI Holmes.
In this species either one or two of the seven or eight dorsal teeth are situated behind the rostrum, Three ventral teeth.
30 RATHBUN
Distribution.—From San Diego, California (type locality), to Gulf of California. Bay of St. Elena, Ecuador (Nobili). ‘Specimens are in the Na- tional Museum from San Bartolomé Bay, Magdalena Bay, and La Paz Harbor, Lower California, and Carmen Island, in the Gulf of California; all of these were collected by the Albatross.
PALAZ.MONETES KADIAKENSIS Rathbun.
' Palemonetes kadiakensis RATHBUN, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 903, 1902.
Rostrum about as long as the carapace; it may be a little longer or a little shorter; nearly horizontal, very slightly upcurved, dorsally 6- or
—-- °- ee =
af, 4 6
Fic. 9. Palemonetes kadiakensis. @ (X 2%). Kadiak.
7-serrate, one tooth behind the orbit, ventrally 2- or 3-serrate. Sub- orbital angle rounded, a spine just below it, also an antennal spine; antero-lateral angle rounded.
Eye wider than the stalk, light-colored in alcohol, a small black ocellus above near its margin. Antennular peduncle reaches about four fifths the length of antennal scale, basal joint the longest, having an outer scale which projects along one third of the second joint, and is tipped at its outer distal angle with a small spine. The outer filament of the outer flagellum is over half as long as the body; the inner filament is very short, equaling in length the last segment of the peduncle; inner flagel- lum about three fourths as long as outer,
es ee
DECAPODS 31
- Antennal scale as long or nearly as long as the carapace, oblong, the blade projecting considerably beyond the scale; preceding segment armed with a small spine at the outer base of the scale; peduncle not quite reaching end of first antennular segment; flagellum one and a third times the length of the body.
Outer maxillipeds very slender, reaching when extended only a small bit beyond the antennal peduncle. Feet of first pair reaching nearly to end of scale, carpus longer than merus, enlarged distally, and more than twice as long as propodus, fingers subequal in length to palm and covered with hair. Feet of second pair reaching beyond scale by half the length of propodus; carpus one and a half times merus, propodus three fourths length of carpus and no wider than in the first pair; fingers shorter than palm. The third to fifth pairs of feet increase successively in length by about half the length of the dactyli; the fourth pair reaches just to the end of the scale; dactyli slender and contained about three times in their propodi, which are sparingly spinulous.
Sixth abdominal segment twice as long as fifth, and nearly as long as the telson. Swimmerets longer than the telson, the outer branch longer than the inner.
Dimensions.—Length of 2 39 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 15 mm., of rostrum 7 mm.
Type locality.—Kadiak Island, Alaska, under stones at low water; William J. Fisher, collector,
The abdomen is much longer than in P. vulgaris Say of the Atlantic coast of North America, the sixth segment being one third again as long as in P. vulgaris with equal carapace; the rostral teeth are fewer, the acicle larger, the chelipeds of the second pair more slender. From ?. varians Leach it differs in its longer rostrum, shorter feet of the second pair, in which the relative length of the segments also is quite different.
Genus Urocaris Stimpson. UROCARIS INFRASPINIS Rathbun.
Urocaris infraspinis RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 903, 1902. Closely allied to U. /ongicaudata Stimpson of the West Indian region. Carapace and rostrum equal in length to the first three segments and
half of the fourth segment of the abdomen. Rostrum not reaching
end of second antennular segment, convex above, armed with 5 to 7
teeth above, 1 or 2 small teeth below near tip, tip acuminate; behind the
rostrum a median gastric spine. Suborbital angle blunt. Antennal and hepatic spines of good size. Eyes two thirds as long as first antennular
32 RATHBUN
segment, a minute black ocellus above and toward the outside, and be- yond the limit of the cornea.
Fic. 10. Uvocaris infraspinis. @ (X 33). Locality unknown. a. Side. & Dorsal view of anterior portion.
Antennular peduncle nearly as long as carapace, exclusive of rostrum ; first segment broad, its thin outer margin armed with a spine on the basal portion and another at the extremity; the inner angle of the lateral ex- pansion is advanced beyond the articulation of the second joint; second and third segments subequal and together nearly equal to the first. The acicle is oblong, extremity oblique, produced at inner angle away beyond outer spine, which is in line with end of antennular peduncle. The an- tennal peduncle scarcely reaches end of first antennular segment; fla- gellum as long as body.
The outer maxillipeds extend to the middle of the last joint of the an- tennal peduncle. The first pair of feet reach the spine of the acicle; merus, carpus, and propodus subequal, palm and fingers subequal. The second pair of feet are as long as the distance from the end of the ros- trum to the posterior end of the first abdominal somite; the ischium, merus, and carpus subequal, palm a little shorter, swollen; fingers nearly aslongas palm. Last three pairs of feet reaching about to end of acicle; dactyli short, with a slender spine on the under side.
Abdomen geniculated at the third segment. Posterior margin of all the segments truncate. Sixth segment shorter than carapace (rostrum excluded), less than twice as long as fifth segment, and a little longer than the telson. Telson with two pairs of lateral spines, the outer uropods much longer than the telson, the inner uropods intermediate in length between the outer pair and the telson.
Dimensions.—Length of carapace and rostrum of ovigerous ¢ 6 mm., of rostrum 2.5 mm., of abdomen 15 mm.
DECAPODS 33
Type locality.—Gulf of California, in Concepcion Bay, Lower Calif., two 9 (Albatross).
Distribution.—Also taken at San Diego Bay, California, 3 fathoms (Albatross station 3567); Gulf of California, off San Josef Island, Lower California, 8 fathoms, station 3006; Guaymas, Mexico, inner harbor (P. L. Jouy, collector). One lot without label was associated with Crangon nigromaculata Lockington.
Relations.—This species, while having the general appearance of U. longicaudata, is markedly different: U. /ongicaudata has no antennal spine on the carapace; U. infraspinis has a distinct ocellus outside the cornea, U. longicaudata has not; in U. infraspinis the palm and fingers of the first pair are subequal; in U. dongicaudata the palm is longer than the fingers; in U. infraspinis the carpus of the second pair is subequal to the merus, the palm is a little shorter, and the fingers still shorter; in U. longicaudata the carpus, palm, and fingers are subequal to one another and shorter than the merus; in our species the sixth abdominal somite is shorter than the carapace, and less than twice as long as the fifth; in U. longicaudata the sixth segment is as long as the carapace (rostrum excluded) and twice as long as the fifth.
Family PONTONIIDA. Genus Pontonia Latreille.
PONTONIA CALIFORNIENSIS Rathbun.
Pontonia californiensis RATHBUN, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 902, 1902.
The carapace and rostrum exceed in length the first six segments of ' the abdomen. Rostrum more than one third the length of the re- mainder of the carapace, very narrow throughout, deflexed, reaching to , the middle of the second segment of the antennular peduncle. A tooth on the anterior margin just above the base of the antenna. The eyes reach to the middle of the first antennular segment. The lateral expan- sion of this segment is broad behind and narrow in front, terminating in a short spine at the anterior angle; second segment one and a half times as long as third, both together half as long as first. Scale about two fifths as long as carapace, scarcely exceeding the antennular peduncle, the spine of the scale about as produced as the blade. Antennal peduncle reaching to end of scale.
Feet of first pair extending beyond the scale by the length of the propodus and nearly the whole of the carpus; merus and carpus subequal and each twice the ischium; propodus a little shorter than carpus; palm
34 RATHBUN
and fingers subequal. The right foot of the second pair is missing; the left has a short, stout merus, carpus cup-shaped, with an inner distal _ tubercle, and a tubercle near the middle of the distal margin; palm and fingers subequal in length, palm two thirds as broad as long, inner edge marginate, fingers gaping, prehensile edges denticulate, fringed with long hair. Dac- tyliof last three pairs of feet with a sub- 4] terminal and a ter- as minal spine. \\ The telson is twice \ ‘/ as long as the pre- xt. J ceding segment, and has two pairs of eg long lateral appressed = eS spines inserted on the anterior half. The outer uropod is as long as the tel- son, the inner uropod a little longer. Dimensions.—Length of carapace and rostrum 6.7 mm., of rostrum 1.8 mm., of abdomen g mm. . Type locality. — Off Santa Cruz Is- land, Calif., 30 fathoms (Albatross station 2945), one female. spon Poy gage «dap 49)- This is the only Pontonia described from the west coast of North America, the P. margarita of Smith being a Conchodytes.
Genus Periclimenes Costa. PERICLIMENES TENUIPES (Holmes).
Anchista tenuipes HOLMES, Occas. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci., VII, 216, 1900. Not P. fenuip~es Borra- daile, which may be called P. borradailei,
nom. nov. Distribution.— From San- : ta Catalina Island, Califor- @
nia (Holmes), to Gulf of California. The Albatross ;
. Fic. 12. Periclimenes tenuipes (X 4). Concepcion Bay. collected specimens at a. Carapace. 4. Foot of second pair.
DECAPODS 35
Concepcion Bay, Lower California, and at stations_2824 and 2825 in the Gulf of California, 7 and 8 fathoms.
They agree with Dr. Holmes’s description, except that the fingers of the second pair of feet are only a little over half as long as the palm and the postero-lateral angle of the sixth abdominal segment is subacute,
Family PANDALID 4. Genus Pandalus Leach. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF PANDALUS.
A. Third segment of abdomen in part compressed and carinated, the carina forming a more or less well defined lobe or spine in front of the posterior margin.
B. Third and fourth segments of abdomen armed with a median spine
On posterior Margmie. 4 6 5 8s se borealis.
B’. Third and fourth segments of abdomen without median spine on posterior margin.
C. Rostrum unarmed on distal half of superior margin . goniurus.
C’. Rostrum with spines on distal half of superior margin. jordant.
A’. Third segment of abdomen not compressed and carinated, and with-
out a median lobe or spine in front of posterior margin. B. Dorsal spines not reaching behind middle of carapace. C. Sixth abdominal segment more than twice as long as wide. D. Carapace and abdomen covered with short transverse rugose BR a) see ee hs we me Wor eS la, os. SOP D’. Carapace and abdomen smooth .. . . moniagui tridens. C’. Sixth abdominal segment less than twice as long as WTR CRON WER Gk oe Eas ot Peabpeeres. B’. Dorsal spines extending behind middle of carapace. C. Dorsal spines more than 15 (17-21). . . . . « Aypsinotus. C’. Dorsal spines less than 15. D. Rostrum one and a half or more than one and a half times as long as carapace. 1. 6's we et te Zurn. D’. Rostrum less than one and a half times as long as carapace. E. Antennal scale very narrow, the terminal half of the blade narrower than the adjacent thickened portion stenolepis. E’. Antennal scale of moderate width, the terminal half of the blade not narrower than the adjacent thickened por- obese. 6 wo ce Sao ek CE Be ee
PANDALUS BOREALIS Kroyer.
Pandalus borealis KROYER, Naturh. Tidsskrift, 11, 254, 1838; (2) 1, 461, 1845; in Gaimard’s Voyage en Scandinavie, en Laponie, etc., pl. VI, fig. 2. STIMPSON, Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.,v1, 501 [61],1857; Ann.Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., X, 128, 1871.—SMITH, Trans. Conn. Acad. Arts Sci., V, 86, 1879.—BIRULA, Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. Impér, Sci. St. Pétersbourg,
1897, p. 420 [16]; 1899, pp. 22 [3], 28 [9].
36 RATHBUN
Surface of body smooth and naked. Rostrum about one and three fourths times as long as the carapace, slightly arched above the eyes, terminal half slightly ascending; slender, armed with 12 to 16 teeth above (including 3 or 4 on the carapace), of which all but the one, two, or three most anterior are movable, and 6 to g distant immovable teeth below, diminishing in size anteriorly; tip bifid, upper tooth the smaller. The posterior of the dorsal spines lies between the middle and the anterior third of the carapace; the anterior is situated at least as far forward as the distal third of the rostrum.
Antennal spine strong, pterygostomian slender, feeble. Eyes large, pyriform.
Peduncle of antennule reaching to the middle of antennal scale; second and third joints subequal; outer flagellum twice as long as cara- pace, its basal third thickened; inner flagellum longer than outer. An- tennal scale seven eighths as long as carapace, the blade obliquely _ rounded at the end and exceeding the spine.
Antennal peduncle extending to end of second joint of antennular peduncle; flagellum longer than the body. Outer maxillipeds reaching to distal fourth or nearly to end of scale. First pair of feet shorter, but overreaching middle of scale. Of the second pair of feet, the right is one and a half or one and two thirds times the length of carapace; its carpus is divided into 25 to 27 segments: the left is slenderer and one fourth or one third again as long as the right; its carpus has about 58 segments. The third, fourth, and fifth diminish slightly in length in the order named, the third pair overreaching the scale by at least the length of its dactyl. The dactyli are slender, and are contained in the propodi from three to three and a half times.
The terminal portion of the third segment of the abdomen is com- pressed and carinated; a sharp spine or lobe pointing backward is situ- ated at the posterior third of the segment; posterior margin produced backward in an acute lobe terminating in a small spine. A similar spine terminates the truncate fourth segment. Sixth segment elongate, about twice as long as fifth; seventh armed with 7 to ro aculei on each side, and 4 terminal, of which the submedian pair are slenderer and about half as long as the outer pair.
Dimensions.—Ovigerous female, length 13.5 cm., length of carapace and rostrum 64 mm., of rostrum 41 mm.
Females carrying eggs were taken August 5th and 6th in Bering Sea (stations 3528, 3530).
Distribution.—Circumpolar. Bering Sea and North Pacific southward on the American coast to Columbia River; 2934 to 350 fathoms.
DECAPODS 37
Okhotsk Sea (Brandt). On Atlantic coast of North America from Greenland southward to Massachusetts Bay, 40 to 160 fathoms. Scan- dinavia. Juneau, Alaska, 50 fathoms (Harriman Expedition). Taken by the Albatross at the following localities: Bering Sea, southwest of St. Matthew Island, 59-77 fathoms, stations 3539, 3532+ Bering Sea, off Pribilof Islands, 39-184 fathoms, stations 3309, 3439- 3442, 3482-3489, 3491-3497, 3500, 3511, 3523, 3524, 3526-3528,
3533-3536, 3538, 3539, 3544, 3553-3556, 3559-3561, 3602, 3605, 3606, 3609, 3610.
Between Bristol Bay and Pribilof Islands, 2914-36 fathoms, stations 3252, 3253, 3306.
North of Rat Islands, 270 fathoms, station 3785.
North of Umnak Island, 49 fathoms, station 3537.
North of Unalaska, 61-350 fathoms, stations 3226 (1 quart rejected), 3316 asd fathoms, 1 specimen), 3317, 3318, 3331 (350 fathoms, 1 speci- men).
Chernofski Harbor, Unalaska, 109 fathoms, station 3324.
Pumicestone Bay, Unalaska, 54 fathoms, station 3321.
Iliuliuk Harbor, Unalaska, 50-93 fathoms, stations 3310, 3311, 3313; 3314 (1 quart rejected), 3334-3336.
Off Akutan Island, 56-91 fathoms, stations 2841, 2842, 3548, 3549.
Off south entrance to Akutan Pass, 45 fathoms, station 2843.
Off Aektok Island, 54 fathoms, station 2844.
Northwest of Unimak Island, 41-121 fathoms, stations 3224 (% peck discarded), 3225 (2 bushels rejected), 3257 (1 peck rejected), 3258, 3259, 3263 (2 quarts rejected).
Unimak Pass, 34 fathoms, station 3220.
North of Unimak Island, 49 fathoms, stations 3256, 3542.
Davidson Bank, 42 fathoms, station 2845.
South of Unimak Island, 61 fathoms, station 3216.
Off Kudobin Islands, 36—53 fathoms, stations 3278, 3279 (1 pint rejected), 3280, 3282, 3283.
Shumagins, 48-110 fathoms, stations 2847, 2848 (abundant), 2849, 2852.
South of Trinity Islands, 67 fathoms, station 3341.
Off Sitkalidak Island, 60 to 69 fathoms, stations 2854, 2855.
Gulf of Georgia, British Columbia, 67 fathoms, station 2863.
Strait of Fuca, 40-152 fathoms, stations 3445, 3446, 3451, 3453, 3455, 3458-3462, 3464, 3465, 3596, 3597-
Washington Sound, Strait of Fuca, 48 fathoms, station 2864 (very numer- ous).
oe sind. 82 fathoms, station 3067.
Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, 40 fathoms, station 2865.
Off Cape Flattery, Washington, 38 fathoms, station 2872.
Off Columbia River, 68 fathoms, station 2882.
Station 3675 (locality not given), 110 fathoms,
Unalaska (Brandt),
38 RATHBUN
PANDALUS GONIURUS Stimpson. Plate 1, fig. 3.
Pandalus goniurus STIMPSON, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., x11, 36 [105],
Pobieber dapifer MURDOCH, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., VII, 519, 1884; Marine Invertebrates, in Rept. International Exped. to Pt. Barrow, Alaska, 141, pl. I, figs. 2-2c, 1885.—- RATHBUN, The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Pt. III, 557, 1899.
Allied to P. dorealis, Rostrum one and a half times as long as cara- pace, terminal half ascending, posterior half horizontal; armed above with 8 to 9 movable spines, including 3 on carapace; the anterior spine behind middle of rostrum, the posterior spine in front of middle of carapace; lower limb deeper in front of eye than in F dorealis, and armed with 6 or 7 immovable spines; tip bifid, upper tooth smaller.
Antennular flagella shorter than in F. doreadis, the inner and longer one being one and a half times as long as carapace. ‘The spine at the antero-lateral angle of the antennal scale extends nearly to the end of the blade. Antennal peduncle falls a little short of end of second joint of antennular peduncle; flagellum nearly as long as body.
Carpus of right foot of second pair divided into 18 to 20 articles; the left foot nearly one and a half times the right and with 51 to 54 articles.
The third segment of the abdomen possesses a lobe as in P. borealis, but the lobe is blunt, not sharp; the median line in front of the lobe is nearly horizontal; the posterior margin is only slightly produced back- wards at its middle; and it, as well as the fourth segment, is devoid of a median spine. ‘The sixth segment is a little shorter than in P. dorealis, seventh segment bears 5 to 6 lateral spinules.
Otherwise as in P. dorealis.
Sometimes occurs with P. dorealis, though an inhabitant of shallower water. They are easily distinguished by the presence of spines on the anterior half of the top of the rostrum in P. dorealis and the absence of the same in FP. goniurus; and by the blunt rather than sharp lobe on the third abdominal segment in the last-named species, as well as the absence of median spines from the posterior margin of the third and fourth segments.
Dimensions.—Large female: Length 90 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 41.5 mm., of rostrum 25.2 mm.
Distribution—Ranges from the Arctic coast of Alaska southward to Okhotsk Sea on the one side and Puget Sound on the other, in 3 to 100 fathoms. Its occurrence below so fathoms is exceptional.
Taken by the A/datross at the following localities:
DECAPODS 39
Bering Sea, off St. Matthew Island and Pribilof Islands, 21-59 fathoms, stations 3439, 3513, 3514, 3523, 3524, 3531, 3536, 3611.
Off Nunivak Island, 17-24 fathoms, stations 3516, 3517.
Off Cape Newenham, 17 fathoms, station 3247 (1 gallon rejected).
Off Hagemeister Island, 414-174 fathoms, stations 3243, 3244, 3246.
Kulukak Bay, 11-144 fathoms, stations 3240-3242 (4% peck rejected).
Off Kulukak Bay, 15-17 fathoms, stations 3300, 3301 (2 quarts rejected).
Bristol Bay, 5-18 fathoms, stations 3233, 3234, 3236, 3238.
Off Bristol Bay, 2514-36 fathoms, stations 3251-3253, 3302 (1 quart rejected), 3303, 3306, 3501.
Off Cape Menshikof, 24 fathoms, station 3296.
Off Cape Strogonof, 26-32 fathoms, stations 3291-3294.
Herendeen Bay.
Off Cape Seniavin, 35-37 fathoms, stations 3285, 3286.
Off Kudobin Islands, 36-39 fathoms, stations 3281, 3283 (1 pint rejected).
Off Cape Leontovich, 18-22 fathoms, stations 3275, 3276.
Off Amak Island, 19-39 fathoms, stations 3273, 3274.
Off Unimak Island, 32-34 fathoms, stations 3256, 3259, 3267.
Pumicestone Bay, Unalaska, 54 fathoms, station 3321.
Gulf of Georgia, British Columbia, 67 fathoms, station 2863.
Strait of Fuca, 48-53 fathoms, stations 3460, 3465.
Washington Sound, Strait of Fuca, 48 fathoms, station 2864.
Bellingham Bay, Washington, 11 fathoms, station 3612.
Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, 40 fathoms, station 2865.
Off Cape Nalacheff, Kamchatka, 39-42 fathoms, station 3781.
Avacha Bay, Kamchatka, 16 fathoms, station 3642.
Southeast coast of Kamchatka, 96—100 fathoms, stations 3643, 3644.
Off Robben Island, Okhotsk Sea, 18-28 fathoms, stations 3646, 3647, 3649, 3650. Collected by W. H. Dall:
Off Cape Sabine, 13 fathoms.
Hagemeister Strait, 8—15 fathoms.
Iliuliuk Harbor and Captains Harbor, Unalaska, 3-15 fathoms.
Shores of Amaknak Island.
Popof Strait, Shumagin Islands.
Chugachik Bay, Cook Inlet, 20-60 fathoms.
Other specimens in the National Museum are from:
Ten miles west of Point Franklin, Alaska, 1314 fathoms (Point Barrow Expedition, types of P. dapifer Murdoch).
Bering Strait sige Robert White).
Lat. 66° 12’ N., long. 168° 54’ W. (Lieutenant G. M. Stoney, U.S. N.).
Lat. 63° 50/ N., long. 167° 21’ W., 17 fathoms (Lieutenant G. M, Stoney, U. S. N. }e
Off mouth Yukon, 3% fathoms (E. W. Nelson).
Bering Island (N. Grebnitzky); some specimens found in stomach of Gadus macrocephalus.
Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka (L. Stejneger).
Avacha Bay (Stimpson).
40 RATHBUN
PANDALUS JORDANI Rathbun. Plate 1, fig. 3.
Pandalus jordani RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 900, 1902.
Surface smooth and shining. Rostrum about one and three fourths times as long as carapace, slightly arched above the eyes, terminal two thirds ascending; slender, armed with 14 to 17 spines above, includ- ing 4 on the carapace; distal three immovable, others movable; closer to- gether above the eye; 7 to 10 immovable spines below, extending nearer to tip than superior spines; tip acuminate; the posterior of the dorsal spines lies between the middle and the anterior third of the carapace.
Antennal spine strong; pterygostomian small, slender. Eyes large, pyriform.
Peduncle of antennule reaching to middle of antennal scale; second and third joints subequal; flagella subequal, one and a half times as long as carapace, thickened portion of outer flagellum extending half its length beyond the antennal scale. Scale three fourths to four fifths as long as carapace, extremity of blade broadly rounded, and equally produced with the spine; antennal peduncle reaching to end of second segment of an- tennular peduncle; flagellum one fourth longer than body.
Outer maxillipeds slender, not reaching end of acicle. First pair of feet a little shorter; of the second pair, the right foot extends about to end of scale, the left may be half again as long; the right carpus has 19 to 22 segments, the left 58 to 63 segments. The last three pairs of feet diminish a little in length successively, the third pair exceeding the scale slightly; their dactyli are elongate, and are contained from two anda half to two and four fifths times in their propodi.
The third segment of the abdomen is compressed and its posterior half carinated, the carina interrupted by a slight lobe at the posterior third of the segment; this lobe is of varying size, at no time strong, and hav- ing a tendency to disappear in large specimens, where it may occur only as a slight unevenness in the curve seen in profile; posterior margin well produced backward, rounded, unarmed; fourth segment with posterior margin truncate, entire; sixth about twice as long as fifth and three fourths as long as seventh, which has ro to 13 lateral aculei on each side.
-* Females bearing eggs taken in January and February off southern California. |
Dimensions.—Ovigerous female, length 124.5 mm., length of cara-
pace and rostrum 59.5 mm., of rostrum 38 mm.
DECAPODS 4!I
Distribution.—From Unalaska to southern California, 35 to 178 fathoms: Monterey and San Pedro, California (D. S. Jordan, 1880).
Taken by the A/batross at the following localities :
Iliuliuk Harbor, Unalaska, 85, 68 fathoms, station 3311 (1 specimen), station 3313 (1 specimen).
Gulf of Georgia, British Columbia, 67 fathoms, station 2863 (1 specimen).
Strait of Fuca, 98-152 fathoms, stations 3447-3456, 3458, 3459, 3461.
Off Strait of Fuca, 142 fathoms, station 3457.
Flattery Bank, Washington, 77 fathoms, station 3673.
Off Tahwhit Head, Washington, 178 fathoms, station 3076.
Near Flattery Rocks, Washington, 171 fathoms, station 2866.
Off Grays Harbor, Washington, 48-58 fathoms, stations 2870, 3046 (abundant), 3047 (abundant), 3048.
Off Columbia River, 55-68 fathoms, stations 2882 (abundant), 3066.
Off Tillamook Rock, Oregon, 46 fathoms, station 3064.
Off False Tillamook, Oregon, 62 fathoms, station 3090.
Off Siletz Bay, Oregon, 77 fathoms, station 3059.
Off Heceta Bank, Oregon, 93 fathoms, station 3080.
Off Point Arena, California, 51 fathoms, station 3251.
Off Bodega Head, California, 167 fathoms, station 3170.
Off Tomales Point, California, 57 fathoms, station 3175.
Off Drake Bay, California, 35 fathoms, station 3155.
Monterey Bay, California, 56 and 68 fathoms, stations 3666, 3671.
San Luis Obispo Bay, California, 77 fathoms, station 3197.
Off Santa Cruz Island, California, 155 fathoms, station 2949 (type locality).
Southwest of San Nicholas Island, California, 158 fathoms, station 2898.
Distinguished from P. dorealis, which has a similar rostrum, by the reduction of the abdominal lobe or hump, and the absence of posterior median spines on third and fourth segments.
PANDALUS MONTAGUI TRIDENS Rathbun. Plate 11, fig. 2.
? Pandalus annulicornis RICHTERS, Abh. Senck. Natur. Gesell., XIII, 405, 1884. Bering Sea, N. of Akutan Pass, 70 fath.; Plover Bay.
Pandalus montagui RATHBUN, The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Pt. III, 557, 1899.
Pandalus montagui tridens RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 901, 1902.
Distinguished from the three foregoing species by its non-carinated ab- domen devoid of a hump. Rostrum slender, from one and a half to one
and four fifths times the length of carapace. Dorsal spines 10 to 12 in
42 RATHBUN
number, all movable, and situated, 3 to 5 on the carapace, and the re- mainder on the basal half of the rostrum. Posterior spine just in front of middle of carapace. Inferior spines 6 or 7, rigid. Distal two thirds of rostrum ascending; tip trifid.
Outer margin of acicle slightly arcuate, blade truncate at tip, spine stout, reaching to or beyond the end of blade.
The outer maxillipeds may fall short of or exceed the scale. Carpus of right foot of second pair divided into 20 to 28 segments, of left foot into about 74 segments.
Dactyli of last three pairs short, being contained from five and a half to seven and a half times in their propodi. Last pair reaching end of acicle or beyond.
No median spines on abdomen; third segment produced moderately backward at the middle, margin broadly rounded at that point. Lateral aculei of telson 5 to 7.
Dimensions.—Female, station 2842, length 104 mm., length of cara- pace and rostrum 48.5 mm., of rostrum 30.2 mm.
The largest specimen on the Pacific coast was taken off Point Arena, California, in 239 fathoms. It measures 110 mm. long, carapace and rostrum 53 mm., rostrum 34 mm.
Distribution.—From Bering Sea to Point Arena, California, 3-351 fathoms.
Taken by the A/darross at the following localities:
Off Pribilof Islands, 25-184 fathoms, stations 3482-3491, 3494, 3496,
3497» 350° 3504, 3505, 3536, 3549, 3544, 3552, 3554, 3558-3561, 3602, 3605, 3611, 3637.
Off Rat Islands, Aleutian Islands, 55 fathoms, station 3599.
Off Unalaska, 59-351 fathoms, stations 3236, 3315, 3317, 3319, 333° 3331.
Pumicestone Bay, Unalaska, 35—54 fathoms, stations 3321, 3322 (1 quart rejected at each station).
Tliuliuk Harbor, Unalaska, 85 fathoms, station 3311.
Off Akutan Island, 36-91 fathoms, stations 2842 (type locality, abun- dant), 3546, 3548.
Off south entrance to Akutan Pass, 45 fathoms, station 2843.
Northwest of Unimak Island, 43-70 fathoms, stations 3258, 3262.
Unimak Pass, 34-56 fathoms, stations 3220, 3222, 3223.
Northeast of Unimak Island, 38 fathoms, station 3265.
Davidson Bank, 42-43 fathoms, stations 2845, 3215.
South of Unimak Island, 42—61 fathoms, stations 3216, 3217.
Southwest and south of Sannak Islands, 38-44 fathoms, stations 2846, 3213, 3214 (abundant).
North of Amak Island, 39 fathoms, station 3273.
Off Kudobin Islands, 36-53 fathoms, stations 3279, 3281, 3282.
DECAPODS 43
Shumagins, 21-69 fathoms, stations 2847, 2849-2852.
Off Shumagin Bank, 138 fathoms, station 3339 (1 peck rejected).
Off the Trinity Islands, 67-159 fathoms, stations 2853, 3341.
Portlock Bank, 51~—230 fathoms, stations 2856 (abundant), 2857, 2858. Off Queen Charlotte Sound, British Columbia, 204 fathoms, station 2861. Near Flattery Rocks, Washington, 171 fathoms, station 2866.
Off Point Arena, California, 239 fathoms, station 3349.
Small specimens were collected by Dr. Dall at Bay of Islands, Adak, Nazan Bay, Atka, and Iliuliuk Harbor and Captains Harbor, Una-. laska, in 3 to 80 fathoms.
Puget Sound (T. Kincaid). Berg Bay, Glacier Bay (Harriman Expedition). Juneau, 20 fathoms (Harriman Expedition).
I have separated this form from /. montagui Leach of the North Atlantic on account of its somewhat longer rostrum, which varies from one and a half to one and two thirds times the carapace, the dorsal spines terminating behind the middle of the rostrum, while in typical P. monta- gui the rostrum is from one and two fifths to one and a half times the carapace, and its dorsal spines reach to or in front of its middle. In PB montagui the tip is bifid; in the subspecies usually trifid.
PANDALUS LEPTOCERUS Smith.
Pandalus leptocerus SMITH, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 11, 437, 1881; Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., x, 58, 1882; Rept. U. S. Commr. of Fish and Fisheries for 1882, 367 [23], pl. v, fig. 1, 1884.—A. MILNE EDWARDs, Recueil Planches Expéd. Travailleur, pl. XXII, 1883.
An elongate species. Surface of carapace and abdomen roughened with short and irregular transverse, punctate ridges, which give rise to very short, bristle-like hairs.
Rostrum from about one and a third to nearly twice as long as the rest of the carapace, and curved very slightly upward; armed above with 11 to 13 movable spines, of which one is near the tip and usually only two on the carapace proper, while a considerable space back of the terminal spine is unarmed; below 6 to 8 immovable spines. The posterior dorsal spine is considerably in front of the middle.
Outer maxillipeds provided with an exopod ; the endopod falls short of the end of the antennal scale, and the first pair of feet are correspond- ingly shorter than the maxillipeds. Right leg of second pair reaches about to end of first pair; carpus has 5 segments, proximal half undi- vided, and followed by 3 subequal segments, each about as long as broad, together equal to terminal segment; chela about half as long as carpus. The left leg of second pair has 52 to 64 segments in the carpus; the
44 RATHBUN
merus and distal end of ischium are also faintly segmented. The last three pairs of legs are very slender, and have slender, nearly cylindrical dactyli, which have only a few small spinules beneath near the base, and are contained between two and three times in their propodi.
Abdomen more slender than in P. montagui tridens. Otherwise as in that species.
Dimensions.—Female (off Cape Ann, Massachusetts), length 98 mm., carapace and rostrum 43.5 mm., rostrum 27.4 mm.
Distribution.—Very common on the Atlantic coast of America from Nova Scotia to Chesapeake Bay in 15 to 321 fathoms.
One specimen only has been taken in the Pacific, by the Albatross, off Shumagin Bank, Alaska, 138 fathoms, station 3339.
PANDALUS PLATYCEROS Brandt.
Pandalus platyceros BRANDT, in Middendorff’s Reise in den dussersten Norden und Osten Sibiriens, Band 11, Zool., Theil 1, 123, 1851.—STIMPSON, Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vi, 501 [61], 1857.
Pandalus pubescentulus DANA, Crust. U. S. Expl. Exped., 1, 568, 1852; pl. XXXVI, fig. 8, 1855.—STIMPSON, Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., v1, 501 [61], 1857.—KINGSLEY, Bull. Essex Inst., x, 63, 1878.—SMITH, Rept. Prog. Geol. Survey Canada, 1878-79, B, p. 214.—HOLMEs, Occas. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci., VII, 210, Igoo.
Body stout. Carapace covered with a dense, short pubescence. Rostrum one and a half to one and two thirds times the carapace, pro- vided with a broad entire laminar crest on each side. Median crest arising half-way back on the carapace, armed with 14 to 17 spines ex- tending to middle of rostrum, the anterior 1 to 5 fixed, the rest movable; usually a solitary spine not far behind the acute tip; lower limb armed with 7 or 8 fixed spines, diminishing gradually in size; the basal tooth very large. Posterior part of rostrum deflexed, anterior half or two thirds ascending, tip above level of carapace. Antennal spine very strong; pterygostomian small, but well marked.
Eyes large, pyriform; cornea in alcohol light greenish; ocellus black.
Antennular peduncle reaching two fifths the length of acicle, second and third joints subequal; outer flagellum one half longer than carapace, its basal half thickened; inner flagellum a little longer; outer basal scale reaching nearly to end of first joint.
Antennal scale four fifths to seven eighths as long as carapace, oblong, extremity of blade subtruncate, slightly exceeded by the spine; peduncle reaching nearly to the middle of the third segment of antennular peduncle; flagellum stout at base, equaling or exceeding length of body.
Maxillipeds stout, reaching nearly or about to end of antennal scale; first pair of feet to middle of terminal joint of maxillipeds. Right leg of
DECAPODS 45
second pair reaching to end of maxillipeds, carpus 8- to g-jointed, the first joint as long as the next 5 or 6, which are subequal, and twice as long as the last joint; propodus about half as long as carpus; fingers two thirds as long as palm. Left leg of second pair two fifths again as long as right; carpus divided into 27 or 28 joints, the first and last joints about twice as long as the adjoining segment; intervening segments varying a little in size, but those of the distal half a little larger; pro- podus as long as last three segments of carpus; fingers three fourths as long as palm. Third to fifth legs stout, the third reaching about the length of its dactyl beyond the acicle, the fifth reaching to middle of acicle; dactyli contained from 4 to 6 times in their propodi.
Abdomen slightly more than twice as long as carapace, smooth, non- carinate; third segment very slightly produced backward in the middle; sixth segment short and stout, one and a half times as long as wide; seventh one and a half times as long as sixth, with six spinules on each side.
Dimensions.—Ovigerous female (station 3129), length 214 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 113 mm., of rostrum 68 mm.
Distribution.— Unalaska (Brandt) to off San Diego, California. Strait of Fuca at Dungeness, Washington (Dana). The specimens in the National Museum from north of the Strait of Fuca were found in shal- low water, while in the Strait and along the coast of California the spe- cies occurs in considerable depths, from 48 to 266 fathoms.
Taken at the following localities by the Albatross :
Klinkwan, Prince of Wales Island, Alaska.
Karta Bay, Alaska.
Metlakatla, Annette Island, Alaska.
Mary Island, Alaska.
Otter Bay, Pender Island, British Columbia.
Port Angeles, Washington.
Strait of Fuca, 100-151 fathoms, stations 3445, 3449-3451, 3458. Washington Sound, Strait of Fuca, 48 fathoms, station 2864.
Off Bodega Head, California, 167 fathoms, station 3170.
Off Farallone Islands, California, 191 fathoms, station 3161.
Off Point Ano Nuevo, 203 fathoms, station 3208.
Off Monterey Bay, 65-204 fathoms, stations 3125, 3129.
Off Point Carmel, 162 fathoms, station 3183.
Off Cape San Martin, 218 fathoms, station 3189.
Off Point Conception, 145 fathoms, station 2893.
Off Santa Cruz Island, 150-266 fathoms, stations 2946, 2948, 2949. Off San Diego, 124 fathoms, station 2935.
Killisnoo, Alaska (Northern Trading Co.).
Lituya Bay, in stomach of halibut (W. H. Dall). Hood Canal, near Union, Washington, 20 fathoms (R, W, Doane).
46 RATHBUN
PANDALUS HYPSINOTUS Brandt. Plate 11, fig. 5.
Pandalus hypsinotus BRANDT, in Middendorff’s Reise in den iussersten Norden und Osten Sibiriens, 11, Zool., I, 125, 1851. Unalaska.
Body stout. Rostrum a little (one sixth or one seventh) longer than the carapace, which is strongly arched dorsally. The median crest reaches nearly to the posterior margin; the superior median spines are movable, occupy the anterior three fifths of the carapace, and extend an equal distance on the rostrum, in all numbering 17 to 22. The distal portion is strongly ascending and unarmed, except at the tip, which is oblique and armed with three immovable spines; the lower margin is furnished with 7 to 9 fixed spines, the posterior ones very large and hooked; lateral carine of moderate prominence. Antennal spine of moderate size, acuminate; pterygostomian spine small.
Eyes pyriform, nearly as broad as long; cornea in alcohol bluish; ocellus darker.
Antennular peduncle reaching not quite to the middle of the acicle; second joint a little longer than the third. Outer flagellum two thirds as long as carapace, the posterior five sixths thickened; inner flagellum about one fourth longer than outer; basal scale lobiform, not reaching end of eye.
Antennal scale about four fifths as long as carapace, oblong, extremity obliquely subtruncate, spine very slightly longer. Peduncle reaching to end of second segment of antennular peduncle; flagellum nearly as long as the body.
Maxillipeds in large specimens reaching a little in advance of the acicle; first pair of feet nearly to end of acicle. Right leg of second pair reach- ing about to the end of the rostrum, carpus with 19 or 20 segments, the first and last of which are about equal to the three adjoining segments; propodus as long as the last four segments of the carpus, fingers two thirds the length of palm. Left leg of second pair half again as long as right; carpus composed of about 60 segments, the first and last subequal to the three adjoining segments; propodus a little longer than the last three segments of the carpus; fingers nearly as long as palm. The merus and the ischium of the second pair are also more or less segmented. The third pair of legs extends beyond the acicle by the length of the dacty- lus and half or more of the propodus; the fifth pair reaches beyond the middle of the acicle. Dactyli of last three pairs, in the female, contained from two and one fourth to four times in their propodi. In the male the propodi of the third and fourth pairs are a little shorter, are recurved (in the third pair strongly so), and are narrowed at the extremity.
DECAPODS 47
Abdomen two and a third times as long as carapace, smooth, non- carinate, third segment very slightly produced backward in the middle; sixth segment twice as long as wide; seventh one and a half times as long as sixth, with six spinules on each side. |
Dimensions.—Ovigerous female (Herendeen Bay), length 133 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 61 mm., of rostrum 31 mm.
Distribution.—From Bering Sea to Strait of Fuca and Kurile Islands, 3 to 20 fathoms.
Unalaska (Brandt).
Specimens have been examined from the following localities:
Cape Etolin, Nunivak, 8 fathoms; Hagemeister Island, 8 to 15 fathoms; Nazan Bay, Atka, 10 to 16 fathoms; Unalaska, 3 to 6 fath- oms; Iliuliukk Harbor, Unalaska, 3 to 1o fathoms; Port Levashef, Unalaska; Popof Strait, Shumagins, 6 fathoms; Shahafka Cove, Ka- diak; Chugachik Bay, Cook Inlet, between 20 and 60 fathoms; Sitka Harbor, 15 fathoms (W. H. Dall).
St. Michael, Norton Sound (E. W. Nelson).
Herendeen Bay, Alaska, fine specimens, abundant (A/ba‘ross).
Kadiak, dredged (W. R. Coe, Harriman Expedition), “ very bright col- ored.”
Port Angeles, Washington (Adbatross).
Portage Bay, Alaska (Lieutenant H. E. Nichols, U.S. N.).
Bering Island (L. Stejneger and N. Grebnitzky).
Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka (L. Stejneger).
Rakovaya Bay, Avacha Bay, Kamchatka (A/batross).
Off Iturup Island, Kurile Islands, 18 fathoms (A/ba/ross station 3653).
PANDALUS DAN Stimpson.
Pandalus dane STIMPSON, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., v1, 87, 1857; Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., v1, 502 [62], pl. XXI, figs. 6, 7, 1857. Opposite Fort Townsend in Puget Sound.
Pandalus franciscorum KINGSLEY, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1878, 94. San Francisco.
A rather stout species. Surface finely pitted. Rostrum a little longer than the carapace (from one fifth to one eighth longer), distal two thirds directed obliquely upward. Median dorsal spines 10 to 12, movable, about half of them on the carapace, the posterior spine a little behind the middle; terminal half of rostrum unarmed above, apex trifid, lower margin 6- to 8-spined, the spines diminishing anteriorly ; lateral carinze moderately prominent. Antennal spine acuminate; pterygostomian spine small, but well marked.
Antennular peduncle reaching about half the length of acicle, last two joints subequal; outer flagellum about seven tenths length of carapace,
48 RATHBUN
basal three fourths thickened; inner flagellum one fourth or one third longer than outer; basal scale reaching only to middle of first segment, its distal outer angle almost a right angle.
Antennal scale from three fourths to five sixths as long as carapace, tapering to the extremity, the laminar part of which is rounded, and much exceeded by the spine; peduncle reaching to end of second segment of antennular peduncle; flagellum equaling or exceeding the length of the body.
Maxillipeds reaching nearly to end of acicle; first pair of feet to mid- dle of terminal joint of maxilliped. The right leg of the second pair may slightly exceed or fall short of the tip of the rostrum; merus slightly annulated; carpus with from 18 to 21 joints, those of the proximal half very indistinctly marked, the last joint as long as the two preceding; pro- podus the length of the last four carpal segments, palm longer than digits, Left leg of second pair one third or nearly half again as long as right leg; merus and distal portion of ischium faintly annulated; about 60 carpal segments, hand and fingers much as in the right leg. Third leg of female reaching beyond the rostrum by one third or one fourth the length of the propodus. Fourth leg reaches one third or one half the length of the propodus of the third pair, while the fifth may reach beyond the middle of the propodus of the fourth. Dactyli of the last three pairs contained about four times in their propodi. The third and fourth pairs of legs of the male differ from those of the female in having shorter propodi, that of the third scarcely overreaching the rostrum; the propodus of the third is also recurved instead of
A
Fic. 13. Pandalusdane(x 2). Station straight and narrow at the extremity,
2865. a. Acicle. 6, Third leg of %. c. , . : : 2 Third leg of ¢. forming an oblique margin against which
the dactylus folds; the dactyli of the last three pairs are contained about three times in their respective propodi.
Abdomen two and a half times as long as carapace, smooth, non-car- inate, third segment very slightly produced backward ih the middle; sixth segment one and two thirds as long as wide; seventh one and a half times as long as sixth, and with six spinules on each side.
Dimensions.—Adult female (San Francisco market), length 110 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 50 mm., of rostrum 26.5 mm.
Distribution.— From Sitka, Alaska, to San Francisco, California.
DECAPODS AQ
Specimens have been examined from:
Sitka, Alaska, 10 fathoms (Harriman Expedition). ;
Ward Cove, Revillagigedo Island, Alaska (Dr. T. H. Streets, U. S. N.).
Off Cape Beale, Vancouver Island, 24 fathoms (Adbatross, station 2881).
Otter Bay, Pender Island, British Columbia (A/ba¢ross).
Strait of Fuca, 40-97 fathoms (Adbatross, stations 3443, 3462, 3464, 3465).
Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, 40 fathoms (A/batross, station 2865).
Puget Sound (T. Kincaid).
Port Angeles and Port Townsend, Washington (A/batross).
Port Orchard, Washington (O. B. Johnson).
San Francisco, California (D. S. Jordan).
San Francisco market (R. E. C. Stearns).
PANDALUS STENOLEPIS Rathbun.
*.
Plate 11, fig. 4. Pandalus stenolepis RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, goI, 1902.
Differs from P. dane:
(t) In the stouter eyes, the transverse diameter being as great as the axial diameter.
(2) Inthe more slenderantennal scale. This scale has a concave outer margin, and the distal Se half of the blade is very narrow and filiform, , Be sheet shonin narrower than the adjacent thickened portion. = Acicle (x 2). Station 3464.
(3) The first pair of feet is longer, reaching almost to the extremity of the maxillipeds.
(4) The third, fourth, and fifth pairs of feet in the male, while shorter than in the female, as in P. dane, do not differ in shape from those of the female, as in the older species.
(5) In the tip of the rostrum, usually 2-spined, though occasional specimens have 3 spines.
Dimensions.—Adult female (station 3464), length 80 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 37.2 mm., of rostrum 21 mm.
Distribution.—From the Aleutian Islands to Oregon, 27 to 125 fath- oms. Taken at the following stations:
Pumicestone Bay, Unalaska, 59 fathoms, station 3319.
Tliuliuk Harbor, Unalaska, 85 fathoms, station 3311.
Off Akutan Island, Alaska, 36 fathoms, station 3546.
Unimak Pass, Alaska, 34 fathoms, station 3220.
Northwest of Unimak Island, Alaska, 43 fathoms, station 3262. Southwest of Sannak Islands, Alaska, 41 fathoms, station 3213.
Off Cape Beale, Vancouver Island, 34 fathoms, station 2879.
Off Cape Flattery, Washington, 27-40 fathoms, stations 2873, 2874.
50 RATHBUN
Strait of Fuca, 37-125 fathoms, stations 3443, 3445, 3451, 3452, 3458,
3459, 3461, 3462, 3464 (type locality), 3593. Off Alsea River, Oregon, 42 fathoms, station 3085.
Off Heceta Bank, Oregon, 68 fathoms, station 3078. Heceta Bank, Oregon, 42-50 fathoms, stations 2886, 2887, 2889. Granite Cove, Port Althorp, Alaska (W. H. Dall).
PANDALUS GURNEYI Stimpson. Plate 11, fig. 6.
Pandalus gurneyi STIMPSON, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., X, 128, 1871. Mon- terey, Calif.
The species which I take to be /& gurneyi is very near P. dane. Our adult specimens are smaller than /. danz ; rostrum longer, being from one and a half to one and two thirds longer than the carapace. Median dorsal spines 8 or 9, rather distant, ventral spines 9 or 10. An- tennular peduncle only two fifths as long as acicle; the flagella are sub- equal and one and a half times as long as carapace, the thickened portion of the outer one being a little over half the entire length; the basal scale is rounded, not angled.
Antennal scale as long as carapace, flagellum exceeding length of body.
Maxillipeds reaching three fourths the length of antennal scale, first pair of feet reaching nearly as far. Right leg of second pair extends to tip of acicle, carpal segments 17; left leg one third longer than right, carpal segments about 45.
As the last three pairs of feet are about the same length as in P. dane, it follows that in the female the third pair does not reach as far beyond the rostrum as in that species, or fails to reach the end of the rostrum.
In the male the last three pairs of legs are shorter than in the female, and the propodus of the third pair is slightly re- curved and narrowed at the extremity, forming a margin against which the dactylus closes; this is, if I mistake not, the condition which Stimpson de- scribes as ‘ subcheliform.’
Sixth segment of abdomen one and a half times | as long as wide; seventh less than one and a half
times as long as sixth, 5 spinules on each side. Otherwise as in 2. dane.
Dimensions.— Ovigerous female (station 2961), length 77.5 mm.,
length of carapace and rostrum 38.5 mm., of rostrum 25 mm.
Fic. 15. Pandalus gurneyz. Third leg of $ (xX 2). Station
DECAPODS 51
Distribution.—Southern California, 9 to 55 fathoms (rare). Taken at the following stations by the Albatross :
Monterey Bay, 9 fathoms, station 3130.
Off Santa Barbara, 21 fathoms, station 2961.
Off San Miguel Island, 55 fathoms, station 2959.
Off Santa Cruz Island, 3o fathoms, stations 2944, 2945. Off Santa Rosa Island, 52 fathoms, station 2956.
Genus Pandalopsis Bate.
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF PANDALOPSIS,
A. Rostrum with spines on distal half of upper margin . . . dispar. A’. Rostrum without spines on distal half of upper margin.
B. Dorsal spines not continued to middle of carapace. . . ampla.
B’. Dorsal spines continued to middle of carapace.
C. Palm of chela more than one and a half times as long as fingers,
Rostrum less than twice as long as carapace proper . aleutica,
C’. Palm of chela less than one and a half times as long as
fingers. Rostrum more than twice as long as carapace
Pome os eS RED 4 ee ee 8 ff ONgirosiris.
PANDALOPSIS AMPLA Bate.
Pandalopsis amplus BATE, Challenger Rept., xxIv, 671, pl. Cxv, fig. 3, 1888. Pandalopsis ampla F AXON, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., XVIII, 155, 1895.
Surface remotely punctate. Rostrum one and a third to one and nine tenths times as long as the rest of the carapace (in small specimens it may be two and a half times the carapace), slightly ascending, slightly arched above the eyes. Median crest occupying the anterior two thirds of the carapace, armed with 7 to 13 movable spines, of which 3 to 5 are on the carapace and in front of the middle, the anterior spine considerably behind the middle of the rostrum. There is also a subterminal fixed spine; and occasionally two subterminal spines—both above, or one above and one below. Greater part of the rostrum unarmed above. Lower margin armed with 13 to 16 slender spines, larger toward the base of the rostrum. Suborbital spine slender, prominent. Pterygos- tomian spine short and slender.
Eyes very stout, ocellus rudimentary. The peduncle of the anten- nula extends to the middle or nearly to the middle of the antennal scale ; the second segment is twice as long as the third; inner flagellum at least half as long as the body; outer flagellum one fourth longer than inner, thicker at the base, but gradually tapering. The peduncle of the an- tenna does not reach quite to the end of the second segment of the antennular peduncle; flagellum one and a third times the length of the
52 RATHBUN
body. Scale four fifths to eight ninths as long as carapace; blade broadly rounded at the tip and exceeded by the spine.
The maxilliped falls considerably short of the tip of antennal scale, but its penultimate segment reaches to or beyond the end of the anten- nular peduncle.
The ischium of the first pair of feet is dilated in a thin, broad laminar inferior projection, which is anteriorly lobiform; the terminal segment overlaps a little that of the maxilliped. The feet of the second pair are equal; the carpus has 20 to 24 segments; the right and left carpi may or may not have an equal number of segments; the chela is as long as the five adjacent segments of the carpus. The third, fourth, and fifth pairs of feet are slender and similar, and armed with slender spines; while they diminish regularly in length from the third to the fifth, their propodi increase in length proportionally; the dactyli are short and con- tained from five to six times in their respective propodi. The third pair overreaches the acicle by the length of the dactylus and at least half the propodus.
The third segment of the abdomen is moderately produced backward in the middle, forming a lobe in the posterior margin; the sixth segment is nearly two and a half times as long as wide, and about two thirds as long as the seventh; this has 5 to 8 spinules on each side, of which the anterior is just in front of the middle.
Dimensions.— Length 164 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 85.7 mm., of rostrum 57.5 mm.
Distribution.—¥rom Washington to Mexico; off Monte Video; 309- 984 fathoms:
Off Monte Video, 600 fathoms (Challenger, type locality).
Off Acapulco, 660 fathoms, station 3418, and near Tres Marias Islands, Mexico, 676 fathoms, station 3424 (Adbatross, Faxon).
Off Cortez Bank, California, 984 and 776 fathoms, stations 2919 (one young) and 3627.
Off San Diego, 822 and 623 fathoms, stations 2983 (abundant) and
2929. Off Sea Lion Rock, Washington, 877 and 859 fathoms, stations 3074 and 3075 (abundant).
PANDALOPSIS ALEUTICA Rathbun. Plate 1, fig. 1.
Pandalopsis aleutica RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 901, 1902.
Surface of carapace covered with a short and soft pubescence. Bran- chial region traversed by a curved longitudinal ridge. Rostrum one and
es ee ey
DECAPODS 53
one seventh to one and a half times the length of the rest of the cara- pace, ascending. Anterior two thirds of carapace furnished with a median crest. Median spines 8 to 13, four to six of which are behind the orbits, the insertion of the posterior spine being at the middle of the carapace; the anterior spine is behind the middle of the rostrum; this is exclusive of a subterminal spine. Inferior spines 8 to 12.
The peduncle of the antennula extends a little past the middle of the antennal scale; the second segment one and a half times as long as third; outer flagellum two thirds as long as body, inner flagellum shorter.
Peduncle of antenna reaching to end of second antennular segment; scale three fourths to four fifths as long as carapace, broader behind than in P. ampla; flagellum one and a half times the length of the body.
The outer maxillipeds extend either to the tip or nearly to the tip of antennal scale; the first pair of pereiopods overreach the penultimate segment of the maxilliped; second pair subequal, extending beyond acicle, carpal segments 18 to 21, chela equal in length to five and a half or six of the adjoining segments of the ——
° Fic. 16. Pandalopsis carpus; palm more than one and a half times as long as aieutica.'Chela of 9 fingers. ‘There is very little difference in the length of ae nee the third, fourth, and fifth pairs of feet; the third pair reaches beyond the acicle by the length of the dactylus and half the propodus; the dactyli are contained about five and a half times in their propodi. .
The pleon is much like that of P. ampia, the pleura of the second seg- ment are narrower than in P. amf/a; the sixth segment is shorter, only twice as long as wide.
For the rest, as in 2. ampla.
Dimensions.—Adult female, length 132 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 61.5 mm., of rostrum 33 mm.
Distribution.—Over one hundred specimens were taken by the Adja- tross at station 3480, off Seguam, Aleutian Islands, 283 fathoms (type locality). North of Rat Islands, Aleutians, 270 fathoms, station 3785.
A finities.—Besides its resemblance to P. ampla, this species is also similar to P. /amelligera (Brandt), from Kamchatka, but differs in the fewer dorsal spines, in the longer feet of the first pair, and in the nar- rower pleura of the second segment of the pleon.
PANDALOPSIS LONGIROSTRIS Rathbun.
Pandalopsis longirostris RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 902, 1902. Male.—Surface smooth. Rostrum a little more than twice as long as the carapace proper, strongly ascending, and continued backward in a
54 RATHBUN
carina behind the middle of the carapace, armed with 9 movable spines, four of which are on the carapace (the hinder one inserted very slightly behind the middle) and five on the base of the rostrum; 1 subterminal immovable spine ; lower margin armed with 11 immovable spines. Antennular peduncle extending to middle of
F ndalopsis lon carapace rf Patan o> ee. be Acide (xB). & Chala (x 33). scale. Scale as long as
irostris. Station 3316. a. Side of
ema carapace. Antennal pe-
duncle reaching to middle of second antennular segment. Maxillipeds reaching almost to end of scale, very stout and hairy. The first pair of pereiopods overlaps the basal fourth of the last joint of the maxilli- peds; second pair extending beyond acicle by length of chela, carpus of 21 joints, chela equal to the seven adjoining segments, fingers almost as long as palm; third pereiopods extending beyond the acicle by the length of the dactylus and two thirds of the propodus.
Sixth segment of abdomen two and a half times as long as wide; telson broader than in P. aleutica.
Dimensions.— Male, length 112 mm., carapace and rostrum 59 mm., rostrum 41 mm.
Distribution.—Off— Niuliuk Harbor, Unalaska, 309 fathoms, station 3316, Albatross, 2 males (one without rostrum).
PANDALOPSIS DISPAR Rathbun. Plate 1, fig. 2.
Pandalopsis dispar RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. ‘Nat. Mus., XXIV, 902, 1902.
Surface very finely and closely punctate. Rostrum two to two and a half times the length of the rest of the carapace, arched over the eyes, the remainder slightly ascending. Median crest occupying two thirds the length of the carapace, posterior spine at the anterior third, spines 16 to 21, three or four of which are on the carapace, spines closely placed on the arch, distant on the remainder of the rostrum. Inferior spines 9 to 15, extremity bifid or sometimes trifid. Antennal spine long and slender; pterygostomian spine minute.
Eyes very large, with a very small but distinct ocellus outside the corneal area.
Antennal peduncle reaching two fifths the length of antennal scale;
DECAPODS 55
third segment but little shorter than second; outer basal scale a narrow lobe; outer flagellum one third longer than the body; inner flagellum one half as long as the outer, Antennal scale a little shorter than the carapace, tapering distally; extremity of blade obliquely rounded and exceeding the spine; peduncle reaching end of second segment of anten- nular peduncle ; flagellum one and a half times length of body.
The outer maxillipeds reach to the distal fifth or sixth of the antennal scale. The first pair of feet overlap the proximal third of the terminal joint of the maxilliped. Second pair subequal, overreaching the acicle a little; carpus composed of from 26 to 33 segments. Third to fifth pairs of feet nearly equal, the third reaching beyond the acicle by length of dactylus and one half or more of propodus, their propodi increasing in length from the third to the fifth pair, while the dactyli increase in reverse order; so that while the dactylus of the third pair may be contained three and a half or four times in the corresponding propodus, the dactylus of the fifth pair is contained seven or eight times in its propodus; the spines of the meral and carpal segments are replaced by bristles on the propodi; dactyli subentire, although there may be a few small very appressed spinules at the base of the concave surface.
Abdomen two and four fifths to three times as long as the carapace (exclusive of rostrum); third segment slightly compressed, its posterior margin produced in a short subacute lobe. Sixth segment nearly three times as long as wide and three fourths as long as seventh; seventh with five to seven spinules on each side.
Outer branch of tail-fan about as long as the telson; inner branch much shorter.
Dimensions.— Length of female 181 mm., length of carapace and rostrum roo.5 mm., length of rostrum 73.5 mm, Length of female (sta- tion 3675) 211.5 mm.
Distinctive characters.— The spines distributed along the whole upper margin of the rostrum, the unequal dactyli of the third to fifth pairs of feet, and the inequality of the branches of the swimming-fan easily dis- tinguish this species from the preceding.
Distribution.—From Bering Sea to Washington, 53 to 351 fathoms, at the following stations of the Albatross :
Bering Sea, west of Pribilof Islands, 184 fathoms, station 3489. Chernofski Harbor, Unalaska, 109 fathoms, station 3324 (type locality). North of Unalaska, 351, 350 fathoms, stations 3330, 3331.
Between Unga and Nagai Islands, Shumagins, 110 fathoms, station 2848. Off the Trinity Islands, 159 fathoms, station 2853.
Clarence Strait, Alaska, 322 fathoms, station 3077.
Queen Charlotte Sound, British Columbia, 238 fathoms, station 2862.
56 RATHBUN
Off Strait of Fuca, 142 fathoms, station 3457. Strait of Fuca, 53-136 fathoms, stations 3446-3449, 3451, 3452, 3456,
3458-3460, 3596, 3597- ) Puget Sound, 82-135 fathoms, stations 3067, 3068.
Off Tahwhit Head, Washington, 1478 fathoms, station 3076. Stations 3675, 3676 (locality not given), 110 and 122 fathoms,
Family H7/PPOL YTIDZ. Genus Hippolyte Leach.
HIPPOLYTE CALIFORNIENSIS Holmes.
Distribution.—From Sitka, Alaska, to San Diego, California. Speci- mens are in the National Museum from Sitka, 10 fathoms (Harriman Expedition, one specimen); Barclay Sound, British Columbia (Adarross, one specimen); Puget Sound (T. Kincaid, several specimens) ; Bodega Bay, California (determined by S. J. Holmes); San Diego, California (Albatross).
The Sitka specimen, about 24 mm. long, has on the rostrum 3 teeth above on basal half, below 3 near the middle and 1 near the tip. The example from Barclay Sound has 2 teeth above on basal half, and 1 near the tip, below 2 near the middle and 1 near the tip. In a lot of eleven specimens from Puget Sound, the dorsal teeth are usually 2 (in one case 3) on basal half of rostrum, and 1 or none near tip. In the few individuals from San Diego the rostral teeth are typical.
Genus Hippolysmata Stimpson.
HIPPOLYSMATA CALIFORNICA Stimpson. Distribution.—From Santa Barbara to San Diego, California.
Genus Spirontocaris Bate. (Includes Heptacarpus Holmes.)
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SPIRONTOCARIS,
A. One or more supraorbital spines present.
B. Rostrum subcircular. Median spines of carapace compound or formed by short transverse rows of small ones 3 OF 4 supra- orbital spines. prionota.
B’, Rostrum not subcircular, usually elongate. Median spines of carapace simple, or not formed by transverse rows of small spines. Not more than 2 supraorbital spines.
C. First to third abdominal segments laterally acute or spinous. D. First and second abdominal segments armed with slender spines. Rostrum narrow ... . + + grenlandica,
DECAPODS S7
D’. First and second abdominal segments laterally acute. Ros- trum deep . . lamellicornis. C’. First to third abdominal segments laterally rounded, not acute. D. Two supraorbital spines. E. Rostrum longer than the remainder of the carapace and with along slender tip .. . bispinosa. E’. Rostrum shorter than the remainder of the carapace. F. Rostrum not reaching end of antennular peduncle truncata. F’. Rostrum reaching beyond end of antennular peduncle. G. Antennular scale not reaching middle of second seg- ment of peduncle. H. Dorsal spines all in front of middle of carapace
Sica. H’. Dorsal spines continued posterior to middle of carapace . . . snyderi.
G’. Antennular scale reaching beyond middle of second segment of peduncle. H. Dorsal spines not reaching to posterior third of carapace. J. Upper limb of rostrum gradually diminishing in width from the orbit to the tip . . phippsii. J’. Upper limb of rostrum arcuate, widest in the middle. | K. Rostrum extending only to end of antennular peduncle, deep, usually bifid at tip ochotensis. K’. Rostrum extending nearly to end of antennal scale, less deep, tipacute . . . . dalli. H’. Dorsal spines continued to posterior third of cara- pace. J. Midrib of rostrum terminating in a spine which projects well beyond lower limb of rostrum. K. Eyes large, pyriform. Spine of antennal scale extending beyond lamellar portion Lljeborgit. K’. Eyes of moderate size, subcylindrical. Spine of antennal scale not reaching beyond lam- ellar portion. . . ~ + « murdochi, J’. Midrib of rostrum terminating in a spine which does not project beyond lower limb of rostrum. K. Upper margin of carapace and rostrum in 9 convex. Third abdominal segment in ¢ in profile not projecting behind fourth segment ; arcuata, K’. Upper margin of carapace and of rostrum in 9 separated bya depression. Third abdominal segment in ¢ in profile projecting in a horn- like process behind fourth segment . spina. D’. One supraorbital spine.
58 RATHBUN
E. Rostrum less than twice aslong astheeye washingtoniana. E’. Rostrum twice or more than twice as long as the eye. F. Antennular scale shorter than first segment of peduncle vicina. F’, Antennular scale longer than first segment of peduncle. G. Fifth segment of abdomen not armed with a spine on
either side . . - affinis. G’. Fifth segment of abdomen armed with a spine on either side. H. Rostrum longer than the rest of the carapace unalaskensis. H’. Rostrum no lenger than the rest of the carapace polaris.
A’. No supraorbital spine or spines. B. Rostrum about as long as or longer than the rest of the carapace. C. Third, fourth, and fifth segments of abdomen carinated, the carina
on each segment terminating ina sharp spine . . Jdarbata. C’. Third, fourth, and fifth segments not all carinated nor ending in a sharp spine.
D. Terminal half (at least) of rostrum devoid of spines above. E. Third abdominal segment with an angle or hump, in profile, toward the posterior end. F. More than 3 dorsal teeth, one or more in front of eyes. G. Sixth abdominal segment less than twice as long as wide. Rostrum deep, one fourth as deep as long carinata, G’. Sixth abdominal segment more than twice as long as wide. Rostrum more slender. H. Maxilliped with epipod. Scale at base of antennula extending beyond first segment. . . flexa. H’. Maxilliped without epipod. Scale at base of an- tennula not reaching beyond, or only slightly
beyond, first segment . . . - . gracilis. F’. Three dorsal teeth, none in front of eyes . . ridens. E’, Third abdominal segment smoothly rounded, without angle or hump. F, One or more superior rostral spines in front of eyes. G. No pterygostomian spine . . . . . « « stylus. G’. A pterygostomian spine . . - « « amabilis.
F’, No superior rostral spine in front of eye . « Sabricii. D’. Terminal half of rostrum with spines (in part at least). E. Terminal third of rostrum unarmed above and below biunguis. E’, Terminal third of rostrum not entirely unarmed. F. Sixth abdominal segment longer than seventh . decora., F’, Sixth abdominal segment shorter than seventh. G. Maxilliped exceeding acicle. H. Rostrum straight above. Epipods on maxillipeds and first two thoracic feet. . . . paludicola.
DECAPODS 59
H’. Rostrum concave above. a Sta on maxillipeds
and first foot only. . ee ae So ROSETE. G’. Maxilliped not exceeding acicle.
H. Third abdominal segment with a lobe (in profile), which is in the form of a hook inthe ¢, of a hump in the 9. 8 to 12 dorsal spines
gaimardii belcheri.
H’. Third segment without a lobe (in profile) in the ¢.
J. Rostrum with more than 8 spines above . “yi.
J’. Rostrum with 8 or fewer than 8 spines above. K. Fourth abdominal segment with a spine on either sides, f' 04. - + « suckleyt.
K’. Fourth abdominal segment without spine.
L. Sixth segment barely twice as long as high. M. Maxillipeds reaching just beyond middle of acicle . . . « » camtschatica. M’. Maxillipeds reaching nearly to end of aticles ss. . . kincaid, L’. Sixth segment more ‘than twice as long as ee - . vownsendi. B/. Rostrum shorter than the rest of the. carapace.
C. Upper and lower limbs of rostrum deep and with convex margins. D. Upper limb of rostrum deepest above the eye . . macilenta. D’. Upper limb narrow above the eye . . . macrophthalma.
C’. Upper and lower limbs of rostrum not both convex.
D. Rostrum elongate, reaching beyond the middle of the an- tennal scale. E. Upper margin of rostrum concave.
F. Fingers of first pair-of chelipeds less than one third as long as palm. No pterygostomian spine. No spine on fourth segment of abdomen. . . Jbrachydactyla,
F’, Fingers of first pair of chelipeds about half as long as palm. A pterygostomian spine or spinule. A spine or spinule on fourth segment of abdomen masxillipes.
E’. Upper margin of rostrum straight.
F. Antennal peduncle reaching end of antennular peduncle
pita. F’. Antennal peduncle reaching end of second segment of an- tennular peduncle. . . « sitchensis.
D’. Rostrum short, not reaching beyond the middle of the an- tennal scale. E. Rostrum not reaching as far as the cornea . . . faylori. E’. Rostrum reaching as far as or beyond the cornea. F. Rostrum not reaching the second segment of antennular
peduncle. G. Rostrum with superior margin strongly convex over the eyes, extremity straight. . . . . . avina.
G’, Rostrum with superior margin not strongly convex over the eyes, but nearly straight.
60 RATHBUN
H. Maxilliped withexopod . . ... . pusiola. H’. Maxilliped without exopod. : J. Antennal scale about same length as, or shorter
than, telson .. . . brevirostris.
a% Antennal scale longer than telson . . palpator.
F’. Rostrum reaching second segment of antennular pe- duncle.
G. Rostrumstraight .. . eins «te Aaordenans.
G’. Rostrum arched over the eye.
H. Fourth segment of abdomen with lateral spinule. Maxillipeds reaching, or nearly reaching, end of aticle “% °« . . cristata.
H’. Fourth segment of abdomen unarmed. Maxillipeds reaching only to distal third of acicle . stoneyi.
SPECIES OF SPIRONTOCARIS, ARRANGED ACCORDING TO THEIR EXOPODS AND EPIPODS.
A. One or more supraorbital spines present. B. Third maxilliped with exopod and epipod. C. First thoracic foot with epipod. . : - Sua. C’. First and second thoracic feet with epipods . bispinosa, snyderi. C’, First, second, and third thoracic feet with epipods prionota, lamellicornis, spina, arcuata, murdochi, truncata? , liljeborgit, phippsti, ochotensis, dalli. B’. Third maxilliped without exopod but with epipod. C. First thoracic foot with epipod . . - vicina. C’. First and second thoracic feet with epipods polaris, unalaskensis. C”. First, second, and third thoracic feet with epipods mca washingtoniana. _B”. Exopods and epipods unknown . . oh ele) 5 Ml A’. No supraorbital spine or spines. B. Third maxilliped with exopod and epipod. C. Thoracic feet without epipods darbata, biunguis, macrophthalma. C’. First thoracic foot with epipod fabricié (usually), suckleyé (usually). C”, First and second thoracic feet with epipods Jabricii (sometimes), gaimardii bel- cheri, townsendi, suckleyi (sometimes). C’’’, First, second, and third thoracic feet with epipods pusiola, herdmani, stoneyi, avina, macilenta, B’. Third maxilliped without exopod but with epipod. C. Thoracic feet without epipods decora, tridens, stylus, maxillipes, brachydactyla, camtschatica, kincaids.
C’. First thoracic foot with epipod . . . . moseri, sitchensis. C’’, First and second thoracic feet with epipods fiexa, picta, paludicola.
C’’, First, second, and third thoracic feet with epipods carinata, palpator, brevirostris, taylori, cristata,
ia a ~~
=
DECAPODS 61
B”, Third maxilliped without exopod or epipod. Thoracic feet without epipods RS cont tle bts bern ate gracilis, B’’, Exopods and epipods unknown . . . . . . = amabilis, layi.
SPIRONTOCARIS PRIONOTA (Stimpson).
Hippolyte prionota STIMPSON, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 153, 1864.— KINGSLEY, Bull. Essex Inst., XIV, 127, pl. Il, fig. 9, 1883.—SHARP, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 117, 1893.
Spirontocaris prionota WALKER, Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc., XII, 277, 1898.
Spirontocaris Drionata HOLMES, Occas. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci., vil, 206, 1900.
To Kingsley’s figure one must add 2 or 3 supraorbital spines arranged in a longitudinal series. While 3 seems to be the normal number, the anterior one is often reduced and sometimes wanting.
Distribution.—¥rom Bering Sea to Monterey, California: . Dutch Harbor, Unalaska, and Kadiak (Harriman Expedition, W. R. Coe).
Collected by W. H. Dall at Cape Etolin, Nunivak Island, 8 fathoms; Captains Harbor, Unalaska, 9 and 80 fathoms; Coal Harbor, Unga, 8-9 fathoms; Belkofski Bay, 15-25 fathoms; Chiniak Bay, Kadiak; Chugachik Bay, Cook Inlet, 20-60 fathoms.
Dredged by the A/Zazross in Bristol Bay, Alaska, 744% and 10% fathoms, stations 3232 and 3233; off North Head, Akutan Island, 72 fathoms, station 2842; Unimak Pass, 34 fathoms, station 3220; North of Bird Island, Shumagins, 21 fathoms, station 2850; Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, 40 fathoms, station 2865.
Puget Sound (T. Kincaid).
Pacific Grove, California (J. O. Snyder).
Bering Island, 2-12 fathoms, some in stomach of Gadus macrocephalus (N. Grebnitzky). .
Puget Sound (Stimpson); Marmot Isles, Alaska, 45 fathoms (Sharp) ; Monterey, California (Holmes).
SPIRONTOCARIS GRCENLANDICA (J. C. Fabricius).
Astacus Grenlandicus J. C. FABRICIUS, Syst. Entom., 416, 1775; Entom. syst. auct. et emend., II, 484, 1793 (grenlandicus).
Cancer aculeatus O. FABRICIUS, Fauna Greenlandica, 239, 1780.
Alpheus Aculeatus SABINE, in Supplement to Appendix of Parry’s [First] Voyage, p. CCXXXVII, pl. II, figs. g and Io, 1824.
Hippolyte aculeata J. C. Ross, in John Ross, Appendix to Narrative of a Second Voyage in Search of a North-West Passage, II, p. Ixxxiii, 1835.
Hippolite armata OWEN, in Zoology of Capt. Beechey’s Voyage [of the Blossom], Crustacea, p. 88, pl. XXvVII, fig 2, 1839 (9 ).
Hippolite cornuta OWEN, op. cit., p. 89, pl. XXVIII, fig. 2, 1839 (4 ).
Hippolyte grenlandica Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), XxX, 62 (12), 1877.—SMITH, Trans. Conn. Acad. Arts Sci., v, 85, pl. X, fig. 2, 1879.
Spirontocaris grenlandica WALKER, Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc., XII, 276, 1898.—HOLMES, Occas. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci., VII, 236, 1900.
The number of spines on the abdomen is the same in the two sexes,
62 RATHBUN
but there is some individual variation. The usual number of spines is
one on the second and sixth segments and two on each of the other
segments.
Distribution.—Arctic coast of America; Bering Sea to Puget Sound; Kamchatka; Okhotsk Sea; Atlantic coast of America from Greenland to Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, 1-72 fathoms:
Berg Bay, Glacier Bay, Alaska (Harriman Expedition).
Dredged by the Albatross from off Cape Menshikof, Bering Sea, to the Aleutian Islands and Portlock Bank, Alaska, in 16 to 72 fathoms; at the unusual depth of 283 fathoms, off Seguam, Aleutians, a lot of large specimens, the largest 9 measuring 77 mm., the largest 4 67 mm.; Strait of Fuca and Puget Sound, 40-48 fathoms; off Kamchatka, 12 and 42 fathoms, stations 3780 and 3781; Avacha Bay, Kamchatka, 16 fathoms, station 3642; Rakovaya Bay, Avacha Bay; off Robben Island, Okhotsk Sea, 10 fathoms, station 3645.
Various localities from Kadiak westward along the Aleutian Islands, in 3-25 fathoms (W. H. Dall).
Puget Sound (T. Kincaid).
Avacha Bay and Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka (L. Stejneger).
Bering Island, among Laminaria, and Solovarennaja Bay, Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka, 1ro—12 fathoms (N. Grebnitzky).
Arctic Ocean (Stimpson).
SPIRONTOCARIS LAMELLICORNIS (Dana).
Hippolyte lamellicornis DANA, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1852, 24; Crust. U. S. Expl. Exped., 1, 567, 1852, pl. XXXVI, fig. 6, 1855.—STIMPSON, Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., v1, 498, 1857.—KINGSLEY, Bull. Essex Inst., X, 62, 1878.
- Spirontocaris lamellicornis WALKER, Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc., XII, 277,
1898.—HOLMES, Occas. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci., VII, 208, 1900.
This species, though resembling strongly S. spina, is at once separated
by the acuteness of the lateral margins of the first to third abdominal
segments, which in SS. sfina are broadly
rounded. The rostrum is about three
fourths as long as the rest of the cara-
pace, and does not exceed the antennal
scale, although it may exceed the blade
Fic. 18. Spirontocaris lamellicornis. Side Of the scale. The spine of the scale ex-
of carapace of ¢ (x 18). Station346. tends beyond the blade to a distance
equaling or exceeding the distal width of the blade. The dactyli of the
last three pairs of feet are longer than in S. sfima, those of the last pair
being half the length of their propodi; they are armed with spinules so minute that the segment appears entire in comparison with 5S. spina.
Dimensions.— 2, length 63 mm., carapace 23 mm.
DECAPODS 63
Distribution.—This species occurs sparingly from Unalaska to Point Arena, California; 9-77 fathoms.
It has been taken by W. H. Dall at Captains Harbor, Unalaska, 9 fathoms; Port Etches, 12-18 fathoms; Sitka Harbor, 15 fathoms. By the Albatross at Gulf of Georgia, British Columbia, 67 fathoms, station 2863; Strait of Fuca, 53 fathoms, station 3460; Bellingham Bay, Washington, 11 fathoms, station 3612; off Destruction Island, Washington, 32 fathoms, station 2869; off Grays Harbor, 48-58 fathoms, stations 2870, 3046— 3048; off Columbia River, 68 fathoms, station 2882; off Oregon, 38-77 fathoms, stations 3057-3059; off Point Arena, California, 51 fathoms, Station 3351.
SPIRONTOCARIS SPINA! (Sowerby). Plate 111, fig. 5.
Cancer spinus SOWERBY, British Miscellany, 47, pl. XXIII, 1805 (deste Steb- bing).
Alpheus spinus LEACH, Edinb. Encyc., VII, 431, 1814; Philadelphia reprint, VII, 271.
Alpheus Spinus LEACH, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, XI, 347, 1815.
Hippolyte Sowerbai LEACH, Malac. Pod. Brit., pl. XXxXIX, 1817.
Hippolite sowerbei J. C. Ross, in John Ross, Appendix to Narrative of a Second Voyage in Search of a North-West Passage, II, p. lxxxiii, pl. B, fig. 2, 1835.
Hippolyte spinus WHITE, List Crust. Brit. Mus., 76, 1847.—BELL, Hist. Brit. Crust., 284, 1853.—SMITH, Trans. Conn. Acad. Arts Sci., v, 68, 1879.
Hippolyte spina STIMPSON, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., X11, 34 (103), 1860; Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., X, 126, 1871.
Spirontocaris spinus BATE, Challenger Report, XXIv, 596, pls. CvI and CvII, 1888 (part).—-RATHBUN, The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Pt. III, 556, 1899 (part).
There is considerable variation, in this species, in the height of the carapace in proportion to its length; in the eyes, which may be widely pyriform or smaller and subcylindrical; in the length of the outer maxillipeds (in none of the Pacific specimens do the maxillipeds reach the end of the acicle, while in many Atlantic ones they do); in the carination and the length of the | Fic.19. Spirontocaris spina.
i i ; Side of f¢ : spine of the third abdominal segment. ae
1In” regard to spina vs. spinus, Stimpson says (Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., x, 126, 1871): ‘‘ Sowerby, by the name he gave to this species, doubtless had refer- ence to a spine, or the backbone: in Latin spina, not spinus. Spinus is not an adjec- tive, and means only the sloe-tree, which could scarcely have been intended.” While spinus has another signification, from omfvoc, the name of a small bird, yet it was without doubt used by Sowerby to call attention to the spine or spines of the animal.
64 RATHBUN
Ross (/oc. cit.) probably represents the ¢ of SS. sfina, but the shape of the rostrum is inaccurate; both upper and lower lamine should have more convex margins.
Distribution.—Circumpolar. Arctic Alaska, Bering Strait, Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands, and Alaska Peninsula to Lituya Bay, 5-91 fathoms; Atlantic Ocean southward to Massachusetts Bay, 5-90 fathoms; northern Europe:
Taken by the 4/atross at the following stations:
Off the Pribilof Islands, 41-62 fathoms, stations 3439, 3442, 3482, 3483,
3485; 3595, 3549, 3544, 3554, 3560, 3561. Off Bristol Bay, 30 fathoms, station 3302.
Off Cape Strogonof, 30 fathoms, station 3293.
Off Kudobin Islands, 36 fathoms, station 3280.
Off Akutan Island, 56-91 fathoms, stations 2841, 2842, 3548.
Pumicestone Bay, Unalaska, 35 fathoms, station 3322.
Northwest of Unimak Island, 81 fathoms, station 3257.
South of Unimak Island, 42 fathoms, station 3217.
Between Bird and Nagai Islands, Shumagins, 35 fathoms, station 2851. Collected by Dr. Dall at:
Bering Strait, 12 fathoms.
Bay of Islands, Adak, 9-16 fathoms.
Nazan Bay, Atka, 10-16 fathoms.
Captains Harbor, Unalaska, 9-80 fathoms.
Port Levashef, Unalaska.
Lituya Bay, 6-9 fathoms.
Off Point Hope, Arctic Alaska, 25 fathoms (U.S. R. S. Corwin).
Lorenz Bay and Plover Bay (Richters).
SPIRONTOCARIS ARCUATA Rathbun. Plate 1, fig. 4.
Spirontocaris spinus RATHBUN, The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Pt. 111, 556, 1899 (part). Spirontocaris arcuata RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XxIv, 893, 1902.
On the Pacific coast, associated in part with S. spina, is a very closely allied species, easily mistaken for S. sfima, but apparently distinct. In the adult 9, the upper line of carapace and ros- trum in profile forms a single curve, without the sinus shown in S. sfina, the rostrum is on a higher level than in that species, the rostral spines larger and more distinctly marked; the Side of corapace of Oc 1), Sta, Posterior lobe of the third abdominal segment tion 2864. shorter and broader; the sixth segment con-
siderably shorter, being less than one and a half times as long as wide,
DECAPODS 65
while in S. spina it is more than one and a half times as long as wide; the maxillipeds reach to the tip of the antennal scale; the dactyli of the third to fifth pairs of feet are shorter than in S. spina, that of the last pair being contained at least three times in the propodus, while in S. spina the dactylus of the last pair is contained only two and a half times in its propodus.
The males of this species and of S. sfina are more difficult of deter- mination. The rostrum has the midrib more strongly curved upward, the upper limb deeper and with more convex superior outline than in S. spina. The same differences in the abdomen exist as in the females of the two species, but in a lesser degree.
Dimensions.— Q, length 53.8 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 20 mm., of rostrum 8 mm.
Distribution.—F¥rom Pribilof Islands to Strait of Fuca; 3-350 fathoms. A more southerly range than that of S. spina.
Harriman Expedition.—Kadiak, 5 fathoms (W. R. Coe); Berg Bay, Glacier Bay; Juneau, 20 fathoms.
Collected by the A/datross :
Off Pribilof Islands, 48-150 fathoms, stations 3484, 3486, 3500, 3561,
602.
of Cape Menshikof, 24 fathoms, station 3296.
Off Cape Strogonof, 26 fathoms, station 3291.
Northeast of Unimak Island, 24 fathoms, station 3266.
Northwest of Unimak Island, 43 fathoms, station 3262.
Unimak Pass, 34 fathoms, station 3220.
Off North Head, Akutan Island, 72 fathoms, station 2842.
Off south entrance to Akutan Pass, 45 fathoms, station 2843.
Off Aektok Island, 54 fathoms, station 2844.
Davidson Bank, 42 fathoms, station 2845.
North of Unalaska, 350 fathoms, station 3331.
Iliuliuk Harbor, 93 fathoms, station 3335.
Off Makushin Bay, Unalaska, 61 fathoms, station 3318.
Southwest of Sannak Islands, 41 fathoms, station 3213.
15 miles south of Sannak Islands, 44 fathoms, station 2846.
Off Shumagin Bank, 138 fathoms, station 3339.
Off Falmouth Harbor, Shumagins, 48 fathoms, station 2847.
Shumagins, 21-58 fathoms, stations 2850-2852.
Off Trinity Islands, 159 fathoms, station 2853.
Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, 40 fathoms, station 2865.
Washington Sound, Strait of Fuca, 48 fathoms, station 2864 (type locality).
Strait of Fuca, 40-152 fathoms, stations 3443-3446, 3451, 3454, 3455,
3458, 3459, 3461, 3462, 3464, 3465, 3596.
Dr. W. H. Dall has collected the species at 16 localities along the Aleutian Islands and eastward to Port Etches in 3-80 fathoms.
66 RATHBUN
SPIRONTOCARIS MURDOCHI Rathbun.
Plate 11, fig. 6.
Hippolyte spinus MURDOCH, Report Internat. Polar Exped. to Point Barrow, Alaska, 140, 1885. Not Cancer spinus Sowerby. Spirontocaris murdochi RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 893, 1902.
Very near S. 4feborgi and S. spina.
Female stout. Rostrum three fourths as long as carapace, not reach- ing tip of antennal scale. Carapace cristate, except on posterior fourth,
and furnished with 3 or 4 large teeth. Midrib
of rostrum nearly horizontal; tip acute; upper
limb with convex upper margin, armed with 20
or 22 small irregular teeth ; lower limb, also with alan eee Bis rypeversee mee. convex margin, deeper than the upper, and fur- (X 38). Station 3650 nished with 1 to 4 small teeth near the extremity. Two supraorbital spines, one antennal, and one pterygostomian spine, all well developed.
Eyes of moderate size, slightly pyriform, the width of antennular peduncle and half its scale. Antennular peduncle extending three fifths the length of the antennal scale; second segment twice as long as third; basal scale reaching nearly to end of second segment; thickened portion of outer flagellum reaching about to tip of antennal scale. Antennal peduncle reaching slightly beyond the first segment of the antennular peduncle; scale narrow-ovate, about as long as the rostrum, its spine reaching about as far forward as the blade,
Outer maxillipeds rather broad and reaching nearly to tip of acicle. First pair of feet extending a little beyond antennal peduncle, the second pair beyond acicle, fifth pair nearly to tip of maxilliped; dactyli of last three pairs long and slender, that of last pair half as long as propodus.
Abdomen not carinate; third segment produced well backward; fourth provided with a lateral spine; sixth three fourths as wide as long, and about three fifths as long as the seventh, which has 3 pairs of lateral spinules.
Male.—The male differs from the female in the same manner as in S. liljeborgii; it is smaller and slenderer than the female, rostrum and anten- nules longer, dorsal teeth much reduced.
Dimensions.— 2, length 46.6 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 17 mm., of rostrum 7.5 mm.
Distribution.— Arctic coast of Alaska; Kamchatka; Okhotsk Sea. Rare. ‘Taken at the following localities:
Lat. 71° 02/ oo” N., long. 157° 46’ oo” W., 19 fathoms, 1 4 (U.S. R. S.
Corwin).
DECAPODS 67
ae west of Point Franklin, 1314 fathoms, 3 ¢ (Point Barrow Expe- ition).
Off oe Sabine, 12 fathoms, 1 9 (W. H. Dall).
15 miles off Cape Krusenstern, 14 fathoms, 1 9 (W. H. Dall). Rakovaya Bay, Avacha Bay, Kamchatka, 1 9 (Adbatross).
Off Robben Island, east coast of Sakhalin, Okhotsk Sea, 28 fathoms,
I ovigerous ? , type (4dbatross station 3650).
The species differs from S. Uijeborgii in its lower carapace, shorter (in the ¢ ) and less ascending rostrum, smaller eyes, shorter spine of antennal scale (in S. 4jeborgii the spine extends considerably beyond the blade), longer dactyli of third to fifth pairs of feet, longer abdomen, and stouter sixth segment. From S. spina it differs in the lower carapace and less ascending rostrum, in the lesser advancement of the lower limb of the rostrum, smaller eyes, shorter spine of scale, shorter and broader lobe of third abdominal segment, which is not carinated, longer dactyli of third to fifth pairs of feet (in S. spina the dactylus of the fifth pair is only one third length of propodus).
SPIRONTOCARIS TRUNCATA Rathbun. Spirontocaris truncata RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 894, 1902.
Allied to S. sfina. Median carina extending nearly to the posterior margin of the carapace, convex, and armed with 4 spines. Rostrum sub- triangular, widest at the extremity, about three fifths as long as the carapace, reaching end of second antennular segment, midrib curving upward as in S. spina, upper margin with 1 spine at its middle, extremity with 7 spines, 2 above and 4 below the midrib, Supraorbital spines 2, equal, large, one ,dn® Signe ears we behind the other but scarcely above it, well sepa- % °# Station 286. rated. Anterior margin with 2 spines below the orbit as in S. spina.
Antennular acicle reaching beyond the anterior margin of the second segment but not so far as the slender spine at the outer angle of that margin; a small spine at the middle of the anterior margin of the third segment. Antennal acicle tapering, narrow at the end, reaching one third the length of the thick antennular flagellum. Peduncle reaching beyond first segment of antennular peduncle; flagellum two thirds as long as body.
Maxillipeds reaching end of antennal scale; first pair of feet to end of antennal peduncle. The propodi of the third, fourth, and fifth pairs are three times as long as their dactyli.
Margins of first to third abdominal segments entire; of fourth to sixth
68 RATHBUN
segments with a spine at the lower postero-lateral angle; sixth segment less than twice as long as fifth, and only a trifle longer than wide. Tel- son with four pairs of lateral spinules.
Dimensions.— , length 14 mm.
Type locality.—Heceta Bank, Oregon, 50 fathoms (A/datross station 2886); one specimen.
Aside from the peculiar form of the rostrum, this species differs notably from .S. sfina in its subequal and more widely separated supra- orbital spines. Its habitat is also farther south than the known range of S. spina.
SPIRONTOCARIS LILJEBORGII (Danielssen).
fHippolyte Liljeborgit DANIELSSEN, Nyt Mag. for Naturvid., x1, 5, 1859 (brief description; Vol. XI appeared in 1861, but the separate contain- ing Danielssen’s article was issued in 1859).—-DANIELSSEN and BOECK, Nyt Mag. for Naturvid., xIx, 196 [8], plate, figs. 15-20, 1872.
Hippolyte securifrons NORMAN, Rept. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. for 1861, XXXI, 151 (1862); Trans. Tyneside Naturalists’ Field Club, v, 267, pl. XII, figs. 1-7, 1863.—-SMITH, Trans. Conn. Acad. Arts Sci., v, 69, 1879.
Distribution.— East of Point Franklin, Arctic Alaska (lat. 71° 02’ oo”
N., long. 157° 46’ 00” W.), 19 fathoms, August 24, 1884, one small male
(U. S.R.S. Corwin). Known from the Atlantic coast of America, from
off Nova Scotia to Delaware Bay, 27-452 fathoms; northern Europe.
SPIRONTOCARIS BISPINOSA Holmes.
Spirontocaris bispinosa HOLMES, Occas. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci., VII, 207, 1900. Puget Sound. Dimensions.—Ovigerous ? , length (approximate) 59.5 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 25.2 mm., of rostrum 14.8 mm. Fic. 23. Shirontocaris “ge Side of cara- Distribution. — From Strait of en ee Fuca to off San Diego, California, 13-211 fathoms. Taken by the Albatross at: Strait of Fuca, 116 and 98 fathoms, stations 3447, 3448. Puget Sound, 82 fathoms, station 3067. Off Tahwhit Head, Washington, 178 fathoms, station 3076. Off Tillamook Rock, Oregon, 29 fathoms, station 2882. Off Bodega Head, California, 167 and 62 fathoms, stations 3170, 3172. Off Farallone Islands, California, 191 fathoms, station 3161. Monterey Bay, 13-68 fathoms, stations 3132, 3134, 3666. Off Lobos Rocks, 77 fathoms, station 3184. Off San Simeon Bay, 211 and 160 fathoms, stations 3191, 3193. Off Esteros Bay, 92 fathoms, station 3194.
DECAPODS 69
Southwest of San Nicholas Island, 158 fathoms, station 2898. Off San Diego, 124 fathoms, station 2935.
SPIRONTOCARIS SNYDERI Rathbun. Spivrontocaris snydert RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxIV, 894, 1902.
This species bears a curious resemblance to 5S. dispinosa, in general terms it is a dispinosa with the slender spine of the rostrum broken off; but a closer examination shows other and more radical differences. The specimens, among which are several egg-bearing fe-
males, are all smaller than S. dzspinosa, but this is not
absolute proof that the species is smaller, because the
females of .S. disfinosa are fertile when rather small.
The median spines of the carapace proper are 3 or o cM ni anones 4, instead of 2, as in 5S. dispinosa, and are larger; ° * 28) Station 2886. the last spine is at the posterior two fifths of the carapace. Between these spines and the small ones on the rostrum there is a considerable space. The rostral teeth are 5 or 6 above, 3 or 4 below. The rostrum is a little shorter than the carapace and is much the shape of that of S. bispinosa, excepting that the midrib is more rapidly ascending and ends in a short point in front of the lamine, and the upper lamina is shallower and of rather even depth throughout its length.
The antennal peduncle reaches only about a third the length of the scale, in 5S. dispinosa half the length of the scale. The first pair of chelipeds reach the end of the antennal peduncle; in S. dzspinosa they are shorter. The dactyls of the third, fourth, and fifth pairs of feet, which are very long in S. dispinosa (about half as long as the propodi), are in S. suyderi a third, or less than a third, as long as their propodi.
Dimensions.—Ovigerous 9, length (approximate) 28 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 9.4 mm., of rostrum 4.4 mm.
Distribution.—From Puget Sound to Lower California, as follows:
Puget Sound (T. Kincaid).
Heceta Bank, Oregon, 50 fathoms (4/datross station 2886).
Monterey Bay, California, type locality (J. O. Snyder).
Near Lobos Rocks, 77 fathoms (A/batross station 3184).
Off Santa Catalina Island, 47 fathoms (4/atross station 3663). Southern California (W. H. Dall).
Off Cerros Island, Lower California, 44 fathoms (A/datross station 2838).
SPIRONTOCARIS SICA Rathbun. Spirontocaris sica RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XxIV, 894, 1902. Allied to S. dispinosa, but inhabiting deeper water on the coast of California. Differs as follows: The teeth of the dorsal carina begin
70 RATHBUN
considerably in front of the middle of the carapace (exclusive of ros- trum); in .S. dispinosa they begin at or a little posterior to the middle. Rostrum shorter; the upper and lower laminz are narrower and extend nearer the tip; there are 9 to 14 superior teeth (in S. dispinosa 10 to 12), of which two
Fic. 25. Sfirontocaris sica, Side of cara-
pace of ¢ ( 1§). Station 3200. are on the carapace; 3 to 5 inferior teeth on the lamina (the same in S. dispinosa), but none on the slender termi- nal portion.
The second segment of the antennular peduncle is longer than in SS, bispinosa, being three times as long as the third segment, while in SS. bispinosa it is twice as long. The outer maxillipeds are longer, reaching beyond the antennal scale; in .S. dispinosa they do not reach the end of the scale. The thoracic feet are longer and slenderer, the first pair over- reaching the antennular peduncle; in S. dispinosa they fall short of the peduncle. The last pair exceed the antennal scale by the length of the dactylus and one half the propodus; in S. dispinosa, by the length of the dactylus only.
Dimensions.— 2 , length 58 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 24.8 mm., of rostrum 12.8 mm.
Type locality. — Santa Barbara Channel, California, 265 fathoms (Albatross station 3200).
Distribution.—Off the coast of California, from Point Arena to San Diego, in 211-464 fathoms, at 19g stations of the 4/batross.
SPIRONTOCARIS PHIPPSII (Kréyer).
Hippolyte Phippsii KROYER, Naturh. Tidssk., 111, 575, 1841 ( 4 ); K. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Afhand., Ix, 314, pl. II, figs. 64-68, 1842 ( 2 ).
Hippolyte turgida KROYER, Naturh. Tidssk., 11, 575, 1841 (9); K. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Afhand., Ix, 308, pl. I1, figs. 57, 58, and pl. III, figs,
59-63, 1842 (2). . Hippolyte vibrans STIMPSON, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., X, 125, 1871 (2).
Female. —Posterior spine of dorsal crest at about the middle of the carapace; 7 to 12 dorsal spines, which diminish on the rostrum; 3 or 4 oncarapace. Midrib of rostrum slightly inclined upward, nearly straight ; upper limb diminishing gradually in depth toward the tip; lower limb deeper than the upper, triangular, 4 to 7 spines on distal half; tip acute, reaching a little beyond the peduncle of the antennula. On the anterior portion of the carapace are 2 supraorbital spines, one above and a little behind the other, the lower smaller; an antennal spine; and a well- developed pterygostomian spine.
The antennular scale reaches the end, or nearly the end, of the second
DECAPODS 71
segment of the peduncle; the eye extends to the second segment, which, as well as the third, is very short. The antennal peduncle falls short of the middle of the scale; scale short and broad, subequal in length to the rostrum. .
The maxillipeds exceed the antennal scale a little. The palm of the first pair of feet overlaps the last segment of the maxillipeds. The last three pairs of feet are rather stout, and the last pair exceeds the antennal peduncle a little.
Abdomen conspicuously punctate.
Male.—The rostrum is horizontal or deflexed, and very slender, and the spines are small and appressed. Peduncles of antennule more elongate than in the 2, eyes not reaching end of first segment, basal scale extending to middle of second segment.
Dimensions. — Ovigerous 9: length (approximate) 37.5 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 13 mm., of rostrum 5.3 mm.
Distribution.—Arctic Alaska to the Shumagins; 6-72 fathoms. Cir- cumpolar. Atlantic coast of America southward to Cape Cod; 8-125 fathoms. Northern Europe.
In the collections of the U. S. National Museum are specimens ob- tained by Dr. W. H. Dall at various localities along the Aleutian Islands eastward to the Shumagins, in 6-30 fathoms; in Bering Strait, 13-17 fathoms; and in Plover Bay, Siberia, 1o—25 fathoms.
Taken by the A/datross at the following stations:
Pumicestone Bay, 35 fathoms, station 3322.
Off North Head, Akutan Island, 72 fathoms, station 2842.
Unimak Pass, 34 fathoms, station 3220.
North of Bird Island, Shumagins, 21 fathoms, station 2850.
to miles west of Point Franklin, Alaska, 133% fathoms (Point Barrow Expedition).
Lat. 71° 02! oo” N., long. 157° 46’ oo” W., 19 fathoms (U. S. R. S. Corwin).
Off Point Hope, Alaska, 25 fathoms (U.S. R. S. Corwin).
SPIRONTOCARIS OCHOTENSIS (Brandt). Hippolyte ochotensis BRANDT, Middendorff’s Reise Sibir., Band I1, Zool., Theil 1, Krebse, p. 120, pl. V, fig. 17, 1851.
Dorsal crest arising at about the middle of the carapace; 3 large spines on the carapace. Rostrum reaching to end of antennular peduncle; midrib ascending in its terminal portion; upper lamina con- vex above, tapering forward and backward, armed with about 6 or 7 small spines distant from those on the carapace; tip usually bifid; lower lamina deep, subtriangular, armed with 4 or 5 small spines on the anterior
2 RATHBUN
half. Two spines above the eye, the posterior one above and much larger than the anterior.
Outer spine of antennula reaching the end of the second segment or
a little beyond it; flagella reaching only a little
beyond antennal scale. Scale broad, about two
thirds as long as carapace. The maxillipeds
reach a little beyond the antennal scale. The tense, Side of Careamen *¢% palms of the first pair of feet extend to the last O65, | cee aes segment of the maxillipeds. The last 3 pairs of feet are stoutish, the last pair scarcely reaching the end of the anten- nal peduncle.
The telson is a little more than one and a half times as long as the sixth segment, and is armed with 4 pairs of lateral spinules.
In the males the carapace is flatter, the rostrum more horizontal, less upturned.
Dimensions.— 2, length 40 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 13.5 mm., of rostrum 5.6 mm.
Distribution. — Bering Sea to Sitka; Kamchatka; Okhotsk Sea; Japan.
Taken by W. H. Dall at 14 stations from Nunivak southward and along the Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula to Sitka, 5-20 fathoms. Off Bristol Bay, 74-1434 fathoms (Adarross stations 3232, 3233,
236). of eeliak Bay, 15 fathoms (A/batross station 3300). Lat. 63° 50’ oo” N., long. 167° 21’ oo” W., 17 fathoms (Lieutenant
George M. Stoney, U. S. N.). .
Sitka (Harriman Expedition),
Bering Island (L. Stejneger).
Bering Island, in stomach of Gadus macrocephalus (N. Grebnitzky). Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka, 10-12 fathoms (N. Grebnitzky). Okhotsk Sea (Brandt).
Hakodate Bay, Japan (Stimpson).
SPIRONTOCARIS DALLI Rathbun.
Spirontocaris dalli RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XxIv, 894, 1902.
Female.—Allied to S. ochotensis, from which it is separated by few but well-marked characters. The rostrum is longer than in S. ochotensis, reaching nearly to the end of the antennal scale; the midrib is straighter, less sinuous, and terminates in a single sharp spine; the teeth on the ros- trum are 6-8 above, 3-4 below. ‘The carapace is lower. The last 3 pairs of thoracic feet are longer and more slender. The sixth segment of the abdomen is also longer than in |S. ochotensis, being more than one and a half times as long as the fifth segment.
DECAPODS 73
Male.—As compared with the female, the teeth of the median carina and rostrum are much smaller and more appressed, sometimes obsoles- cent, the rostrum less deep and more horizontal; the antennular acicle
does not reach the end of the second segment of ~ —, the peduncle; the spine of the antennal scale falls 5 short of the end of the blade.
Dimensions. — 3 , length (approximate) 38 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 13.6 mm., of ros-
trum 6 mm. Distribution.—Arctic Alaska, Aleutian Islands jig 7, spivontocaris dalli to Sitka. (x 2%). Attu.
: : . Side of carapace of %. Although this species appears to be not rare &. Side of carapace of @.
in Alaska, it has been collected almost exclusively by Dr. Dall, who ob- tained it at 17-stations along the Aleutian Islands and eastward to Port Etches, 6-20 fathoms; off Cape Sabine, 13 fathoms; and 15 miles off Cape Krusenstern, 14 fathoms.
Sitka, 2 specimens (Harriman Expedition, W. R. Coe, collector).
SPIRONTOCARIS POLARIS (Sabine).
Alpheus polaris SABINE, Supplement to Appendix of Parry’s [First] Voyage, p. ccxxxviii, pl. 11, figs. 5-8, 1824. .
Hippolite borealis JAMES C. Ross, in John Ross, Appendix to Narrative of Second Voyage in Search of a North-West Passage, p. Ixxxiv, pl. B, fig. 3, 1835 (3).
Hippolite Bien JAMES C. Ross, of. cit., p. Ixxxv ( @ ).
Hippolyte St. Pauli. BRANDT, Middendorff’s Reise Sibir., Band 11, Zool., Theil 1, Krebse, p. 118, pl. V, fig. 19, 1851.
Lfippolyte cultellata NoRMAN, Rept. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1866, p. 200 (1867) (= H. polaris, teste Norman, Museum Normanianum, III, Crus- tacea, p. 8, 1886),
Hippolyte polaris SMITH, Trans. Conn. Acad. Arts Sci., v, p. 80, pl. XI, figs.
1-4, 1879.
Hippolyte Amazo PFEFFER, Jahrb. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst., 111, 46, plate, figs. 7a, 7b, 1886.
Hetairus gaimardii BATE, Challenger Rept., Zool., XXIV, 611, pl. CIX, fig. 2, 1888 (not Aippolyte gaimardii Milne Edwards).
Hetairus tenuis BATE, op. cit., 613, pl. CIX, fig. 3.
Hetairus debilis BATE, of cit., 615, pl. CIX, fig. 4.
Professor Smith (/oc. cit.) sets forth the variations in the sexes, in the number of rostral spines, and in the aeulei on the telson. He states that “the disappearance of the dorsal teeth of the rostrum is evidently a character peculiar to, but not characteristic of, the adult male.” In the series of specimens from the North Pacific and Bering Sea this is not the case, as the majority of the females from those localities are devoid of superior rostral teeth. This series also exhibits other variations. The body and thoracic feet are usually stouter, the antennal scale shorter and
74 RATHBUN
broader, the antennular scale, on the contrary, commonly longer than in Atlantic forms, in the 2 often reaching the end of the peduncle, and in the 4 sometimes the end of the second segment. There is, however, a lack of constancy in these characters which prevents the separation of the stout form as a distinct species; it was described by Brandt as H. S¢. faul, Again, the rostrum may be only as long as the peduncle of the antennula, or reach nearly to the end of the antennal scale; it may be of greater or less depth and acuteness. From the variations at a single locality, Bate (/oc. cit.) described three species for which he constructed the genus He/airus.
Distribution.—Circumpolar. Atlantic coast of North America south- ward to Cape Cod, 10-218 fathoms. Northern Europe. Bering Sea, Okhotsk Sea, Aleutian Islands eastward to Kadiak, to a depth of 283 fathoms:
Taken by the Albatross :
Off Pribilof Islands, 25 fathoms, station 3558.
Off Rat Islands, Aleutians, 55 fathoms, station 3599.
Off Seguam, Aleutians, 283 fathoms, station 3480.
Pumicestone Bay, 35 fathoms, station 3322. |
Northwest of Unimak Island, 41 and 43 fathoms, stations 3259, 3262.
Northeast of Cape Leontovich, 22 fathoms, station 3275.
Okhotsk Sea, 10 fathoms, station 3645. Collected by Dr. W. H. Dall at:
Plover Bay, East Siberia, ro—25 fathoms.
Near Indian Point, Bering Strait, 17 fathoms.
Various localities along the Aleutian Islands eastward to Kadiak, 3-80 fathoms.
St. Paul Island, Pribilofs (William Palmer).
Bering Island (L. Stejneger).
Bering Island, among Laminaria (N. Grebnitzky).
SPIRONTOCARIS UNALASKENSIS Rathbun. Spirontocaris unalaskensis RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxIv, 895, 1902.
Female.—Body rather robust. Carapace carinated in its anterior half; posterior median spine situated at the anterior third of the carapace. Rostrum longer than the carapace or the antennal scale, nearly horizontal,
but slightly concave above, dor- sal spines 4 or 5, equally spaced, 2 on the carapace and 2 or 3 at base of rostrum; no upper limb on distal portion, lower limb
'. 28. A Z toc z nalas Z a i Ps Frc, 28. | Sptroniccarts syalaskensts. Side of carapace shallow, convex, armed with three
DECAPODS 75
spines in front of middle, tip acuminate, sometimes minutely bifid. An- terior margin of carapace armed with 3 spines, one supraorbital, one antennal, and one smaller, pterygostomian. Eyes large, pyriform.
. First two segments of antennules with an antero-external spine, third segment less than half as long as the second and armed with a spine at the middle of its anterior upper margin; the scale at outer base over- reaches the first segment. Outer flagellum reaching but little beyond the rostrum; inner flagellum twice as long.
Antennal peduncle extending nearly to the end of the second segment of the antennular peduncle. Scale oblong, tapering, shorter than the carapace, tipped with a small spine which is exceeded by the blade. Flagellum at least two thirds as long as the body.
Tip of maxilliped intermediate between rostrum and antennal scale. Carpal joint of first pair of feet reaching end of antepenult segment of maxilliped. Second and fifth pairs of feet reaching about to end of rostrum. |
Abdomen ecarinate, third segment very prominent, its hinder portion extending well behind the line of the fourth segment. The sixth segment is about one and two thirds as long as the fifth, and seven ninths as long as the telson, which is armed with 5 or 6 spinules on each side.
Dimensions.—A. female, soft shell, measures about 79 mm. in length; a smaller female is 60 mm. long, carapace and rostrum 26.5 mm., rostrum 14.5 mm.
Distribution.— North of Unalaska, 277-351 fathoms, A/bazross stations 3315, 333°, 3331 (type locality).
Variations.—In the male the rostrum is slenderer and more sinuous, the antennal flagella considerably longer. In small specimens the rostrum is relatively shorter.
SPIRONTOCARIS VICINA Rathbun.
Spirontocaris vicina RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 895, 1902.
Allied to S. unalaskensis.
Female.— Posterior dorsal spine at anterior third of carapace. Ros- trum longer than the carapace or antennal | scale, concave above, dorsal spines 7 or 8, of which two are on the carapace, the anterior not very near the tip, inferior spines 4, tip ig) Raoneewlne Sacer broken off in our specimens. Anterior carapace of ¢ (x 1g). Station 3316. margin 3-spined, the pterygostomian spine the smallest. Eyes large,
pyriform. The antennular peduncles reach nearly to the spine of the antennal
76 RATHBUN
scale; the second segment is about three times as long as the third; the basal scale falls considerably short of the second joint of the peduncle. The antennal peduncle does not reach the middle of the second segment of the antennular peduncle; scale similar to that of S. unalaskensis.
Abdomen like that of the preceding species. The telson is incomplete in all the females.
Male.—In the single male, the rostrum is a little shorter than the cara- pace and does not reach the end of the antennular peduncle; it is also straighter than in the female, and is armed with 6 spines above and 3 below.
Dimensions—A female with rostrum and telson broken measures 39 mm. from the orbit to the end of the sixth abdominal segment. <A female about the same size, in very bad shape, is laden with eggs, each about 3 mm. in its greatest diameter. Male, length 50 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 18.5 mm., of rostrum 8.5 mm.
Distribution.—North of Unalaska, 309-406 fathoms, stations 3316 (type locality), 3330, 3332.
SPIRONTOCARIS WASHINGTONIANA Rathbun. Spirontocaris washingtoniana RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XxIv, 895, 1902.
Female.—Carapace stout, carinated in its anterlor half; posterior median spine situated at the anterior fourth of the carapace. Rostrum slender, half as long as the carapace, reaching just to the end of the first
segment of the antennules, nearly horizontal,
slightly sinuous; dorsal spines 4, two of which
are on the carapace, anterior two fifths of rostrum
unarmed above; 3 teeth below on anterior third, Ph bod oN g Mag etree? one tooth close to the tip; except for the teeth, 9 ane 2}). Station 3071. the rostrum is scarcely limbed above or below. Anterior margin armed with 3 spines, one supraorbital, one antennal, one smaller at the antero-lateral angle.
Antennular peduncles reaching nearly to the base of the spine of the antennal scale; first segment with a large bifurcate spine on the anterior margin toward the outer angle; second segment with a long simple spine in the same position; third segment with a small dorsal spine at the middle of its anterior margin; the first segment is about twice as long as the second, the second three times as long as the third; the flagella are subequal in length, and half again as long as the peduncle; scale about two thirds as long as first segment. The antennal scale is two thirds as long as the carapace, oblong-lanceolate, extremity of blade
DECAPODS 77
oblique and exceeding the spine; the peduncle attains the middle of the scale; flagellum about as long as the body.
The maxilliped extends beyond the antennal scale by half the length of its last segment; the first pair of feet just reaches the end of the antennal scale, the second pair extends a little beyond the maxilliped, the fifth pair not quite so far as the maxilliped. Second to fifth pairs very slender.
The abdomen is narrow compared with the carapace; the posterior margin of the third segment is moderately produced; the sixth segment is one and a half times as long as the fifth, and a little more than one half as long as the seventh; this last has 5 or 6 spinules on either side.
Dimensions.— 9, length 39 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 14 mm., of rostrum 5 mm. A mutilated specimen of the same size is ovigerous. :
Type locality.— Off Sea Lion Rock, Washington, 685 fathoms (Albatross station 3071). }
SPIRONTOCARIS AFFINIS (Owen).
Hippolite affinis OWEN, in Zoology of Capt. Beechey’s Voyage [of the Blossom), Crustacea, p. 90, pl. XXVII, fig. 4 (rostrum).
Locality.— Monterey, California (Owen).
SPIRONTOCARIS GRACILIS (Stimpson). Hippolyte gracilis STIMPSON, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, 155. Heptacarpus tenuissimus HOLMES, Occas. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci., VU, Hetdacaiipas? “gracilis HOLMES, of. cit., p. 205. Distribution.—From the Shumagins, Alaska, to Monterey, California: North of Bird Island, Shumagins, 21 fathoms (Albatross station 2850).
Off Cape Beale, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, 34 fathoms (Albatross sta- tion 2879).
Off Cape Flattery, Washing- , ton, 40 fathoms (Albatross Ug. 3", Somomencarss eve station 2873).
Off Drake Bay, California, 35 fathoms (A/datross sta- tion 3155).
Off Point Reyes, California, 47 fathoms (Albatross station 3166).
Monterey Bay, California (J. O. Snyder).
Puget Sound (T. Kincaid, 1895).
Puget Sound, deep water (Stimpson); Monterey (Holmes).
78 RATHBUN
On the few specimens examined the superior teeth are 4; the inferior vary from 4 to 8.
Stimpson says that the thick flagellum of the antennule extends to the end of the rostrum; this is probably true of the 4. All the specimens in hand are females, in which the flagellum extends only about two thirds the length of the rostrum.
Dimensions.— Approximate length of 9 with eggs 48.4 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 18 mm., of rostrum 10.5 mm.
SPIRONTOCARIS FLEXA Rathbun.
Spirontocaris camtschatica RATHBUN, The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Pt. III, 557, 1899. Not S. camtschatica (Stimpson).
Spirontocaris flexa RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxIv, 896, 1902.
Female.—Slender. Carapace crested on its anterior third; rostrum longer than the carapace, armed with 4 or 5 teeth above, including 1 or
2 on the carapace; anterior tooth near middle of rostrum; anterior half
of rostrum not limbed above. Rostrum very slender, nearly horizontal, a
A Ae h Se re _ little arched above the eye; lower limb narrow and armed with from 5 to 8 spines; tip reaching nearly to or a little beyond the end of the antennal scale. An antennal and a pterygostomian spine, the latter well developed. Antennular peduncle reaching one third the length of the antennal scale; basal spine to a little beyond first segment; thickened portion of outer flagellum reaching to about distal third of antennal scale; inner flagellum to end of scale. Spine of antennal scale not nearly as advanced as the membranous portion. Peduncle of antenna advanced as far as the second antennular segment; flagellum nearly as long as body.
DECAPODS 79
Maxillipeds produced to about middle of antennal scale; first pair of feet to end of antennal peduncle; second pair to a little beyond the maxillipeds; the last pair of feet to the end of the maxillipeds.
The abdomen is strongly geniculated or bent at a right angle at the third segment, which is posteriorly produced and compressed, forming a smooth, rounded carina. The first to fourth segments are without spines or spinules; the sixth is more than twice as long as wide, but shorter than the seventh, which is narrow and has 4 spinules on each side. |
Male.—The thickened portion of the outer antennular flagellum ex- tends nearly to the end of the antennal scale.
This species is very near S. gracilis, from which it differs in the longer basal scale of the antennula, in the lower position of the pterygostomian spine, in the presence of epipods on the maxilliped and first two pairs of feet.
Dimensions.— 9, length 54 mm., of carapace and rostrum zo mm., of rostrum 11.5 mm.
Distribution.—From Bering Sea to Drake Bay, California:
Bering Island, one specimen from stomach of Gadus macrocephalus (N. Grebnitzky). Alaska, probably Bering Sea (U. S. R. S. Corwin). Nazan Bay, Atka (W. H. Dall). Albatross stations : Off Pribilof Islands, 20 fathoms, station 3438. Off Rat Islands, Aleutians, 55 fathoms, station 3599. Iliuliuk Harbor, Unalaska, 93 fathoms, station 3335. Off North Head, Akutan Island, 72 fathoms, station 2842. Off south entrance to Akutan Pass, 45 fathoms, station 2843. Unimak Pass, 34 and 50 fathoms, stations 3220, 3222. Northwest of Unimak Island, 43 fathoms, station 3262. South of Unimak Island, 42 fathoms, station 3217. 15 miles south of Sannak Islands, 44 fathoms, station 2846. Shumagins, 21-58 fathoms, stations 2850 (type locality), 2851, 2852. Drake Bay, California, 35 fathoms, station 3155.
SPIRONTOCARIS AMABILIS (Lenz).
Hippolyte amabilis LENZ, Zool. Jahrb., Syst., XIV, 432, pl. XXXII, figs. 2, 3, Igol.
Bare Island, British Columbia (type locality).
SPIRONTOCARIS DECORA Rathbun. Spirontocaris decora RATHBUN, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxIv, 896, 1902. Female.—Carapace crested on its anterior half; rostrum longer than the carapace, armed with 4 or 5 teeth above, of which one or two are on
80 RATHBUN
the carapace, the anterior tooth in front of the middle of the rostrum. Rostrum not deep, but less slender than in S. gracilis and S. flexa, a lit- tle concave above, but: nearly hori- zontal ; lower limb narrow- ing distally from near the posterior end, provided with 6 to 8 teeth; tip acuminate, reaching nearly to or beyond the an- tennal scale. Antennal and pterygostomian spines present, both well developed.
Antennular peduncle between one third and one half the length of the antennal scale ; spine at base reaching about to end of first segment. Thick- ened part of outer flagellum not reaching end of antennal scale; inner flagellum twice as long as outer. Outer margin of antennal scale as long as the carapace; pedun- cle extending as far as the end of the second antennular segment. Max- illipeds extending beyond middle of antennal scale.
The posterior margin of the third abdominal segment is produced backward in the middle, and the segment itself is posteriorly prominent but not laterally pinched or carinated as in allied species. The sixth segment is more than twice as long as wide, and a little longer than the seventh, which has 5 to 7 pairs of lateral spinules, and is shorter than the uropods.
Male.—The thickened part of the outer flagellum of the antennula extends to the end, or nearly to the end, of the antennal scale; the inner flagellum is correspondingly long.
Dimensions.—Approximate length of 2 47 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 16.4 mm., of rostrum 9 mm.
Distribution.—From Strait of Fuca to San Diego, California; 50 to 171 fathoms. Dredged by the Albatross at the following stations:
Strait of Fuca, 152, 114 fathoms, stations 3454, 3461.
Near Flattery Rocks, Washington, 171 fathoms, station 2866.
Heceta Bank, Oregon, 50 fathoms, station 2886.
Off Point Conception, California, 145 fathoms, station 2893.
Off Santa Cruz Island, California, 150 fathoms, station 2946 (type local- ity).
Off Seeks Rosa Island, California, 52 fathoms, station 2956.
Off San Diego, California, 124 fathoms, station 2935.
Fic. Spirontocaris decora. E 33. Spi ne (X 3)
DECAPODS 81
SPIRONTOCARIS TRIDENS Rathbun. Spirontocaris tridens RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxIv, 896, 1902.
Allied to S. gracilis, S. flexa, and S. decora, but more robust than these.
Female,—The median crest occupies the anterior third of the carapace ; superior spines or teeth 3, one on the carapace, one (the largest and highest) over the base of the eye-stalk and nearer to the anterior than to the posterior tooth. In front of the teeth the rostrum has al- most no upper limb and is gently ascending and slightly curved; midrib rather stout and acute at tip; the lower limb diminishes ante- Fic. 34. Spirontocaris tridens. @. Station 2865. a. Side of carapace and riorly and isarmed abdomen (xX 14). 4. Dorsal view of anterior portion (X 3). with 3 to 6 teeth, one near the tip. Rostrum longer than the carapace or antennal scale. Anterior margin of carapace furnished with a strong antennal and a very small pterygostomian spine.
Antennular peduncle extending two fifths the length of the antennal scale; second and third segments short and subequal; basal scale witha spine which extends nearly to the end of the second segment. The thickened portion of the outer flagellum reaches nearly to the end of the antennal scale; inner flagellum twice as long. The antennal pedun- cle extends a little beyond the end of the second antennular segment; the flagellum is nearly as long as the body; the scale, measured along its outer margin, is a little shorter than the carapace.
The maxillipeds reach two thirds the length of the sobpenaats sili: : the first pair of feet barely to the end of the antennal peduncle. Thetip of the second pair when extended lies between the end of the maxilliped and that of the antennal scale; the tip of the last pair lies between the end of the maxilliped and the antennal peduncle.
The abdomen has the third segment well produced backward, and its posterior portion carinated; the carina is defined on either side by a deep groove like the imprint of a nail. The sixth segment is more than twice _ as long as high, and about as long as the seventh; this last is a little
$2 RATHBUN
shorter than the uropods and is armed with three pairs of lateral spinules.
Male.—The thickened portion of the outer antennular flagellum reaches to the end or a little beyond the end of the antennal scale.
Dimensions.— 2 , approximate length 61 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 22 mm., of rostrum 12.5 mm.
Distribution.—¥rom the Aleutian Islands to Washington. Taken by the Albatross at the following stations:
Unimak Pass, 34 fathoms, station 3220.
Northeast of Amak Island, 19 fathoms, station 3274.
Northeast of Cape Leontovich, 22 fathoms, station 3275.
North of Bird Island, Shumagins, 21 fathoms, station 2850.
Off Cape Flattery, Washington, 40 fathoms, station 2873.
Strait of Fuca, 48 fathoms, stations 2864, 3465.
Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, 40 fathoms, station 2865 (type locality).
A single specimen was taken by Dr. Dall at Port Levashef, Unalaska, and another at Granite Cove, Port Althorp, Chichagof Island.
Variations.—Three teeth on the dorsal carina is the rule in this species; in more than two hundred specimens handled, there was one in which the anterior of the three teeth was absent, another in which the posterior tooth was absent, and two cases in which there were 4 teeth instead of 3.
Distinguished from nearly related species by the fewer dorsal teeth and by the groove on either side of the third segment of the abdomen.
SPIRONTOCARIS BARBATA Rathbun. Spirontocaris barbata RATHBUN, The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, III, 556, 1899.
Anterior two thirds of carapace carinated. Rostrum from one third to one fourth longer than the carapace, and also a little longer than the antennal scale; nearly straight and horizontal; upper limb very narrow, widening a trifle in front of eye, then diminishing to the tip, and armed with 5 to 7 spines, one of which is on the carapace; anterior tooth at about anterior third of rostrum; lower limb broader, gradually dimin- ishing forward from a point in front of the eye, armed with about 10 to 20 teeth and denticles, of which the posterior three or four are of fair size, the remainder very small and decreasing toward the tip, where they are almost indistinguishable; tip acute. Antennal and pterygostomian spines well and equally developed, the latter unusually high in position.
Antennular peduncle reaching two fifths the length of the antennal scale; outer basal spine reaching to about the end of the first segment; second segment one and a half times as long as third; outer flagellum
DECAPODS 83
not attaining end of scale, a little longer in male than in female; inner one exceeding scale. Scale oblong, nearly as long as carapace, laminar portion considerably exceeding spine; pe- duncle extending to the middle of the third joint of the antennu- lar peduncle; flagel- lum nearly as long as body.
The maxillipeds ex- tend to middle of an- tennal scale ; first pair of feet nearly to end of antennal peduncle ; third, fourth, and fifth pairs of nearly equal Fic. 35. Spirontocaris barbata. 9. Station 3318. a. Side of cara- length, the third pair pace and abdomen (x 13). 4. Dorsal view of anterior portion (x 2), reaching spine on antennal scale; second pair a little shorter.
The abdomen is sharply carinated from the middle of the third to the end of the fifth segment; the third to sixth segments terminate in a slender median spine, by which this species differs from all others; third segment with a subterminal hump visible in profile. The fourth segment is provided with a lateral spine, the seventh with 3 pairs of lateral spinules.
Dimensions.— 2, length 74.5 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 29.6 mm., of carapace 12 mm.
Distribution.—From Pribilof Islands to Strait of Fuca; 45-277 fathoms (AJ/batross). Occurs usually in small numbers; most abundant in Iliuliuk Harbor.
Taken by the A/datross at the following stations:
Off Pribilof Islands, 56-184 fathoms, stations 3484, 3487, 3488, 3489,
3491, 3492, 3494, 3495, 3497 (type locality), 3500, 3609. Off Makushin Bay, Unalaska, 61 fathoms, station 3318. Off Tliuliuk Harbor, Unalaska, 277 fathoms, station 3315. Iliuliuk Harbor, Unalaska, 45-93 fathoms, stations 3311-3314, 3334-3336. Off Akutan Island, 51~72 fathoms, stations 2841, 2842, 3547. Off Aektok Island, 54 fathoms, station 2844. Unimak Pass, 50-56 fathoms, stations 3222, 3223. South of Unimak Island, 61 fathoms, station 3216. Shumagins, 48-58 fathoms, stations 2847, 2852. Off Shumagin Bank, 138 fathoms, station 3339. Off the Trinity Islands, 159 and 61 fathoms, stations 2853, 3341. Strait of Fuca, 123 and 114 fathoms, stations 3459, 3461.
84 RATHBUN
SPIRONTOCARIS CARINATA (Holmes). fleptacarpus carinatus HOLMES, Occas. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci., VII, 202, pl. Ill, fig. 60, 1900. Distribution.—From Monterey Bay, shallow water (Holmes), to Point Loma, California (A/batross, one specimen). The eyes of this species are very slender. The antennular peduncles extend about one third the length of acicle.
SPIRONTOCARIS STYLUS (Stimpson).
fippolyte stylus STIMPSON, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., xvi, 154, 1864 (June).
Hippolyte esguimaltiana BATE, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864 (read De- cember 13), 666.
Hyppolyte esquimaltianus BATE, in Lord’s The Naturalist in Vancouver Island and British Columbia, 1, 278, 1866.
A rather slender species. Rostrum about one third longer than cara- pace, exceeding acicle, slender, somewhat styliform, horizontal and straight, armed above with 4 or 5 teeth near its base (one on the carapace in- cluded) and 5 or 6 teeth below. An antennal, but no pterygostomian spine.
Eyes small. Antennu- lar peduncle reaching ~ about two fifths the length of the acicle; second and re third segments very short ;
Fic. 36. Sfirontocaris stylus. ¢. Barclay Sound. a. Side oyter flagellum scarcel -. coe and abdomen (X 2). 4. Dorsal view of anterior por- reaching & the ino: fourth of the acicle; inner flagellum exceeding acicle; basal scale not reaching beyond first segment. Antennal peduncle extending to end of second segment of antennular peduncle; acicle (measured along outer margin) shorter than carapace.
Maxillipeds short, slightly exceeding antennal peduncle; first pair of feet stout, not exceeding eyes; second pair reaching to middle of acicle; fifth pair scarcely to end of maxilliped.
The abdomen is strongly geniculated, though the third segment is gently rounded in profile; fourth segment unarmed; sixth segment not quite twice as long as fifth; telson with 3 pairs of side spinules.
I think there is little doubt that Bate’s . esguimaltiana belongs here.
DECAPODS 85,
Dimensions.— 9, length 44.5 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 19 mm., of rostrum 11.1 mm.
Distribution,— Barclay Sound and Sucia Island, British Columbia (4/a- tross); Esquimalt Harbor, British Columbia (Bate) ; Strait of Fuca (Stimp- son); Port Orchard, Puget Sound (U.S. Nat. Mus.); Puget Sound (T. Kincaid).
SPIRONTOCARIS FABRICII (Kréyer).
Hippolyte Fabriciti KROYER, Naturh. Tidsskrift, 11, 571, 1841; K. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Afhand., Ix, 277, pl. I, figs. 12-20, 1842.—SMITH, Trans. Conn. Acad. Arts Sci., Vv, 63, 1879.
Distribution.—Arctic coast of Alaska southward through Bering Sea to Siberia and Alaska Peninsula (Cook Inlet); Atlantic coast of America from Greenland southward to Massachusetts Bay. ? Europe (Kingsley). Depth, low water to 80 fathoms. ,
Taken by the A/datross at the following stations:
Off Cape Newenham, 17 fathoms, station 3247.
Southwest of Hagemeister Island, 17% fathoms, station 3246. Kululak Bay, 14 fathoms, station 3241.
Off Kululak Bay, 17 fathoms, station 3301.
Off Bristol Bay, 30-33 fathoms, stations 3302-3303.
Off Cape Menshikof, 24 fathoms, station 3296.
Off Cape Strogonof, 26-32 fathoms, stations 3291-3294.
Off Cape Seniavin, 37 and 30 fathoms, stations 3286, 3287. Northeast of Cape Leontovich, 18 fathoms, station 3276. Northeast of Amak Island, 19 fathoms, station 3274. Shumagins, 21 and 35 fathoms, stations 2850, 2851. Southwest of Sannak Islands, 38 fathoms, station 3214.
Off Rat Islands, 34 fathoms, station 3598.
Off Robben Island, Okhotsk Sea, 10-25 fathoms, stations 3645, 3649. Unalaska, beach.
Collected by W. H. Dall:
Off Cape Sabine, 13 fathoms.
Near Indian Point, Bering Strait, 17 fathoms.
Plover Bay, Siberia, 10-25 fathoms.
Various localities in the Aleutian Islands and eastward to Chugachik Bay, Cook Inlet; low water to 80 fathoms.
Also collected:
Ten miles west of Point Franklin, Alaska, 13% fathoms (Point Barrow Expedition).
Bering Sea, lat. 63° 50! 00” N., long. 167° 21/ 00” W., 17 fathoms (Lieu- tenant George M. Stoney, U. S. N.).
Bering Island, two specimens in stomach of Gadus macrocephalus,; one specimen at 12 fathoms (N. Grebnitzky).
Solovarennaja Bay, Kamchatka, 10-12 fathoms, algze (N. Grebnitzky).
Kadiak (Harriman Expedition, W. R. Coe).
86 RATHBUN
SPIRONTOCARIS GAIMARDII BELCHERI (Bell).
Plate 111, figs. 3, 3a.
Hippolyte belcheri BELL, in Appendix to Belcher’s Last of the Arctic Voyages in Search of Sir John Franklin, 11, 402, pl. XXXIV, fig. 1, 1855.
? Hippolyte dayi LOCKINGTON, Bull. Essex Inst., x, 161, 1878 (not HZ. layi Owen).
Hippolyte gaimardii MURDOCH, Rept. Exped. Point Barrow, p. 140, 1885
Santen gibba RATHBUN, The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Pt. III, 556, 1899.
Hippolyte gibba BIRULA, Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. Impér. Sci. St. Pétersbourg, VII, 428 [11], text fig. 1, 1899 [1900] (probably not H. gibba Kroyer).
Female.—Robust. Rostrum longer than the carapace, nearly hori- zontal posteriorly, anterior half ascending, armed above with 8 to 12 teeth (including 2 to 4 on the carapace), below with 3 to 5 teeth; ros- trum tapering gradually to an acuminate tip, which exceeds the antennal scale. A strong antennal and a well-developed pterygostomian spine.
Eyes rather large, pyriform. Scale at base of antennules reaches one third the length of the second segment of the peduncle. Peduncle half as long as antennal scale; second segment twice as long as third; thickened portion of outer flagellum not reaching the tip of antennal scale, but sometimes as far as the acicular spine. ‘This scale is shorter than the carapace; blade arcuate at extremity and exceeding the spine. The peduncle reaches about two fifths the length of the scale; the maxilliped to the distal third of the same; the first pair of feet to the end of the antennal peduncle; the second pair to a little beyond the antennal scale; the fifth pair overreaches the maxillipeds.
The fourth and fifth segments of the abdomen are each armed with a postero-lateral spine. The third segment is laterally compressed in its posterior part, which has an angular median lobe, seen in profile, a little in front of the posterior margin; on very large females this lobe becomes hook-shaped (as on one 80 mm. long). The sixth segment is about two and a half times as long as high, and shorter than the seventh, which is armed with 5 to 8 spines on each side. The outer uropods are longer than, the inner ones shorter than, the telson.
Male.—More slender than the female. Rostrum more nearly straight and horizontal, 8 or 9 teeth above. Thickened portion of outer anten- nular flagellum exceeding acicle. Lobe on third segment of abdomen more prominent and hooked.
Young.—In those one inch long and smaller the abdomen shows no median lobe on third segment, though it is slightly compressed. The antennular scale does not reach beyond the first segment of the peduncle..
DECAPODS 87
Typical form.—In the typical S. gaimardii (Milne Edwards), of which LHippolyte gibba Kroyer is probably the male form, there is in the female no lobe on the third abdominal segment (in a side view), although the segment is somewhat compressed; the rostrum is distinctly shorter than the antennal scale, scarcely if at all longer than the carapace, and is armed with fewer spines. In both sexes the scale is longer and wider in the typical form, being about four fifths as long as the carapace.
Distribution.— S. gaimardii belcheri is found from the Arctic coast of Alaska and Siberia southward to Sitka, taking the place of typical S. gaimardii; it occurs also in Kara Sea (Dijmphna Exped.), Nova Zembla (Birula), and at Nakvak, Labrador (L. M. Turner).
Lat. 70° 15/10” N., long. 162° 55’ 00’ W., 16 fathoms; lat. 71° 02! oo” N., long. 157° 46’ 00” W., 19 fathoms; and off Point Hope, Alaska, 25 fathoms (U.S. R. 8. Corwin). |
Ten miles west of Point Franklin, 1334 fathoms (Point Barrow Exped.).
Bering Strait and Bering Sea in lat. 66° 12’ 00” N., long. 168° 54/ oo” W., 30 fathoms; lat. 64° 12’ 00” N., long. 162° 52’ oo” W., 17 fathoms; lat. 62° 15’ oo” N., long. 167° 48’ oo” W., 20% fathoms (Lieutenant George M. Stoney, U. S. N.).
Plover Bay, Siberia, 10 to 25 fathoms; Cape Lisburne; off Cape Sa- bine, 13 fathoms; Bering Strait, 13 fathoms; Sitka Harbor, 25 fathoms (W. H. Dall).
Off mouth of Yukon, 3%4 fathoms (E. W. Nelson).
Off St. Matthew Island, 37 fathoms, station 3519; off Pribilof Islands, 50 to 52 fathoms (4/datross stations 3527 and 3611).
That the de/cheri form cannot be considered a species is shown by the existence of specimens which unite the characters with those of S. gai- mardi, n three females from Henley Harbor, Labrador, the abdomen is without a lobe, but the rostrum is longer than the rest of the carapace, and just as long as the acicle; the acicle is long as in typical S. gav- marait.
SPIRONTOCARIS TOWNSENDI Rathbun.
Spirontocaris gaimardii RATHBUN, The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Pt. III, 556, 1899 (part). Spirontocaris townsendi RATHBUN, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXIv, 897, 1902.
On the Pacific coast there is a large group of species of the gaimardii type, which can be distinguished only by the closest observation. Of these species, S. zownsendi resembles S. gaimardii and S. gaimardii belcheri in having the outer maxilliped provided with an exopod and epipod, and the first two feet also with epipods. |S. éownsendi continues the range of
88 RATHBUN
S. gaimardii belcheri southward. As typical S. gaimardii does not occur on the Pacific coast, I will compare the new form with S. gai- mardit belcheri, and indicate the characters by which it differs from the latter.
Female.—In S. townsendi the rostrum reaches almost or quite to the end of the acicle, and is armed above with 5 to 7 (2 on the carapace) spines, below with 3 to 6 spines; the lower limb is deeper than in S. gaimardii belcheri, more as in typical .S. gaimar- | di, but the rostrum is nearly straight. The pterygostomi- an spine is very small, The scale at the outer base of the antennula reaches to the end or nearly to the end
Pe eS Te eeatiat pe OO ee segment is scarcely longer than the third. The antennal scale is almost as long as the carapace. The maxillipeds reach to the distal fourth of the antennal scale; the fifth pair of feet do not attain the end of the maxilliped.
The third abdominal segment is smoothly rounded, without lobe or angle, in a profile view; posterior margin produced moderately backward at the middle. The fourth segment is devoid of a lateral spine; the sixth is about twice as long as high; the telson is provided with 3 or 4 lateral spinules on each side.
Male.—The males, which are fewer in number in the collection than the females, appear to be smaller and a little more slender; otherwise, save for their longer antennulz, they present no differences from the females.
Dimensions.—Female, approximate length 60.5 mm., of carapace and rostrum 20 mm., of rostrum 10.6 mm.
Distribution.—Ranges from the Pribilof Islands to Puget Sound, and from 21 to 114 fathoms, One exception to this bathymetrical range is 238 fathoms in Queen Charlotte Sound, British Columbia (A/atross
DECAPODS 89
station 2862); here only one specimen was taken, of which the rostrum and tail are missing; the characters of the remaining part coincide with those of typical specimens.
Other stations at which this species was collected by the A/dafross are: Off Pribilof Islands, 25-60 fathoms, stations 3484, 3496, 3558. Off Rat Islands, Aleutians, 55 fathoms, station 3599. Unalaska, 35-85 fathoms, stations 3311, 3319, 3321, 3322. Off North Head, Akutan Island, 56 and 72 fathoms, stations 2841, 2842. Off south entrance to Akutan Pass, 45 fathoms, station 2843. Unimak Pass, 34-56 fathoms, stations 3220, 3222, 3223. Northwest of Unimak Island, 43 fathoms, station 3262. Southwest of Sannak Islands, 41 fathoms, station 3213. 15 miles south of Sannak Islands, 44 fathoms, station 2846. Off Kudobin Islands, 36-41 fathoms, stations 3279, 3281. Shumagins, 48 and 21 fathoms, stations 2847, 2850. Off Cape Strogonof, 26 fathoms, station 3291. Portlock Bank, 51-68 fathoms, stations 2856, 2857. Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, 40 fathoms, station 2865. Washington Sound, Straits of Fuca, 48 fathoms, station 2864 (type ~ locality). Strait of Fuca, 48-114 fathoms, stations 3443, 3445, 3461, 3462, 3465. Granite Cove, Port Althorp, Chichagof Island, Alaska (W. H. Dall). Puget Sound (T. Kincaid).
SPIRONTOCARIS SUCKLEYI (Stimpson).
Hippolyte suckleyt STIMPSON, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, 154; LENZ, Zool. Jahrb., Syst., XIV, 432, pl. XXXII, fig. I, I9oI.
Spirontocaris gaimardit RATHBUN, The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Pt. I11, 556, 1899 (part).
Female.—The nearest approach in the Pacific to the S. gaimardii of the Atlantic. Associated with .S. sownsendi, with which it may easily be confounded; distinguished from it as follows: ,
The rostrum is rather more concave above instead of nearly straight ; it reaches end of, or may exceed, antennal scale.
The antennular scale does not reach the end of the second segment of the peduncle.
The antennular peduncle reaches middle of antennal scale (length measured along outer margin). The second segment is appreciably longer than the third. —
The antennal scale, measured on its outer margin, is much shorter than the carapace.
The outer maxillipeds overlap the distal fourth of the antennal scale, and may reach the end of the scale.
The second pereiopod is commonly destitute of an epipod; sometimes
90 RATHBUN
it is furnished with a rudimentary epipod, or with a fully developed one. The last pair of pereiopods reach the end of the antennal scale. The fourth abdominal segment is provided with a spine on either side
. Fic. 38. Spirontocaris suckleyi. % (X 24). Station 3334. a. Side. 4. Dorsal view of anterior portion.
below. The sixth segment is a little shorter and broader than in S. townsendi.
Male.—As in S. townsendi, the male resembles the female, except for being smaller, more slender, and with longer antennules.
S. suckleyi differs from S. gaimardii in the fewer dorsal spines, 5 or 6 against 7 or 8 in S. gaimardii; in the larger eyes; in the antennular peduncle of the female reaching middle of antennal scale; in the absence of hook or hump on the third abdominal segment in the male; in the slightly shorter sixth segment; and in the absence usually of an epipod from the second pereiopod.
Variations.—In about three hundred specimens examined only one lacks the spines on the fourth abdominal segment; in another specimen the spine is present on one side, absent on the other.
Dimensions. —Length of Q (station 2864) approximately 79 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 28.7 mm., of rostrum 16 mm.
Distribution.—From the Arctic coast of Alaska southward to Wash- ington; 6 to 165 fathoms.
Taken by the AZbatross at the following stations:
Off the Pribilof Islands, 20-65 fathoms, stations 3438, 3439, 3483, 3494,
3496, 3504, 35355 3538, 3552, 3560, 3561, 3611, 3637. Bristol Bay, 19 fathoms, station 3237.
DECAPODS gr
Off Bristol Bay, 33 fathoms, stations 3303, 3306. North of Alaska Peninsula, 26-47 fathoms, stations 3278, 3285, 3292,
3297- Off Unimak Island, 24-43 fathoms, stations 3259, 3262, 3265, 3266. Off Akutan Island, 72 fathoms, station 2842.
Unalaska, 19-165 fathoms, stations 3310, 3317, 3319, 3322, 3333-3336
Shumagins, 21-69 fathoms, stations 2847, 2849-2851.
Davidson Bank, 43 fathoms, station 3215.
Off Sitkalidak Island, 60 fathoms, station 2854.
Off Grays Harbor, Washington, 50 fathoms, station 3047.
Strait of Fuca, 48-152 fathoms, stations 2864, 3443, 3445, 3446, 3451, 3454, 3460-3462, 3596.
Cape Smyth, Alaska (Point Barrow Expedition).
Captains Harbor, Unalaska, 80 fathoms (W. H. Dall).
Bay of Islands, Adak, 9-16 fathoms (W. H. Dall).
Lituya Bay, 6-9 fathoms (W. H. Dall). |
Berg Bay, Glacier Bay, and Juneau, 20 fathoms (Harriman Expedition). Puget Sound (Stimpson); Bare Island, British Columbia (Lenz).
SPIRONTOCARIS MOSERI Rathbun.
Spirontocaris gaimardit RATHBUN, The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Pt. III, 556, 1899 (part). Spirontocaris moseri RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIV, 897, 1902.
Allied to S. gaimardii.
Female.—The rostrum may be about as long as, or slightly exceed, the carapace; it may reach the end of the antennal scale or fall short of that point ; it is gently ascending and armed with 6 to 8 teethabove (2 on carapace) and 4 to 7 below; upper limb very narrow; lower limb very broad in front of the eye, tapering rapidly to the tip, which is abruptly acute. The antennal spine is strong, the ptery- gostomian small but well marked,
Eyes large, pyriform. ‘The antennular peduncle reaches to the middle or to the distal third of the antennal scale; the second segment is a little longer than the third; the thickened portion of its outer flagellum overreaches the scale; the spine of the antennular acicle reaches to the middle of the second segment or about to the end of the first segment. The antennal peduncle is very stout and nearly as long as the antennular; the scale is narrow-ovate, its outer margin about five sevenths as long as the cara-
Fic. 39. Spirontocaris moseri. @& (X 2). Station 3480.
92 RATHBUN
pace; the flagellum may equal the length of the body. The maxil- lipeds exceed the scale by one fourth or more of the length of the last segment. The first pair of feet extended overreach the antennular peduncle; the second pair reach the tip of the maxillipeds; the fifth pair extend to or beyond the end of the antennal scale. The dactyli of the third, fourth, and fifth pairs are short and very stout, and armed with strong spines,
The third abdominal segment in profile is smoothly rounded; poste- riorly it is strongly produced over the fourth; the fourth has a spine on either side; the sixth is twice as long as the fifth; the seventh is longer than the sixth and bears 4 or 5 spines on either side. :
Male.—The males are smaller and their antennule a little longer than in the females.
Dimensions. —Female, length 57 mm., length of carapace and rostrum 22.7 mm., of rostrum 11.5 mm.
Distribution.—Bering Sea southward and eastward to Washington, 60 to 516 fathoms, at the following stations of the Albatross :
Off Pribilof Islands, 81 and 276 fathoms, stations 3602, 3608.
North of Rat Islands, 270 fathoms, station 3785.
Off Seguam, Aleutians, 283 fathoms, station 3480 (type locality),
North of Unalaska, 309-406 fathoms, stations 3316, 3330-3332.
Off North Head, Akutan Island, 72 fathoms, station 2842.
Off Trinity Islands, 159 fathoms, station 2853.
Off Sitkalidak Island, 60 fathoms, station 2854.
Off Queen Charlotte Sound, British Columbia, 204 fathoms, station 2861. Off Destruction Island, Washington, 516 fathoms, station 3343.
Variations.—Specimens from the two southernmost localities show a tendency to differ from the types; the lower limb of the rostrum is nar- rower, the rostrum shorter and more ascending, the antennular peduncle longer and its basal scale shorter than in the types. A larger series might serve to differentiate the southern from the northern form, but at present they are combined.
SPIRONTOCARIS MAXILLIPES Rathbun.
Spirontocaris maxillipes RATHBUN, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxIv, 898, 1902. Very near S. moseri, but distinguished as follows: The rostrum is shorter, only about four fifths as long as the carapace, and has usually fewer teeth, 5 to 8 above, 2 to6 below. The antennular peduncle reaches two thirds or more of the length of the antennal scale; the second seg- ment is a little longer than in S. moseri. The thickened portion of the outer flagellum overreaches the scale by about half its length. The spine of the antennular acicle scarcely reaches the middle of the second seg-
DECAPODS 93
ment, or may not extend beyond the first segment. The antennal peduncle does not reach beyond the second segment of the antennular; the scale is shorter, about two thirds the length of the carapace ; more than one half of the last segment of the outer maxilliped extends beyond thescale. The feet are without epi- pods; the first pair reach the end of the scale or extend beyond it.
The spine of the
fourth abdominal somite Fic. 40. Spirontocaris maxillipes. ¢. Station pate a. Side (X 2). is reduced to an almost 6. Dorsal view of anterior portion (X 2). ¢. Chela of first pair (x 4).
imperceptible spinule; the sixth somite is shorter than in S. moseri, being only one and a half times the fifth; the side spinules of the telson are commonly 3 in number, occasionally 4.
In this, as well as in the preceding species, the fingers of the first chelz are a little over half as long as the palm.
Dimensions.— Female, length 48.9 mm., length of carapace and ros- trum 18.4 mm., of rostrum 8.6 mm.
Distribution.—Aleutian Islands, 283 to 625 fathoms, at the following Albatross stations:
Off Seguam, 283 fathoms, station 3480 (type locality). North of Unalaska, 351 and 350 fathoms, stations 3330, 3331. Off Shumagin Bank, 625 fathoms, station 3338.
SPIRONTOCARIS BRACHYDACTYLA Rathbun. Spirontocaris brachydactyla RATHBUN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxIv, 898, 1902.
This species is closely allied to S. moseri and S. maxillipes, but is dis- tinguished by the short fingers of the first chelipeds, which are not more than a third as long as the palm.
There are two specimens in the collection. The rostrum is distinctly shorter than the carapace, and, in the one specimen in which it is perfect, is armed with 6 teeth above (one on the carapace) and 3 below. No pterygostomian spine. Antennular peduncles reaching a little over half the length of the antennal scale, second segment very little longer than third; antennular scale reaching slightly beyond the first segment in the larger specimen, shorter than first segment in the smaller specimen; _thick-
94 RATHBUN
ened portion of outer flagellum extending nearly half its length beyond the scale. Antennal peduncle just as long as antennular. Half the last segment of the maxilliped lies be- yond the scale. The first pair of feet just reach the tip of the scale; the fingers are unusually short, as above mentioned. No spine on fourth segment of abdomen; sixth segment twice as long as fifth; telson broken.
Dimensions.—Length of ovig- erous female, exclusive of ros- trum and telson, 24.8 mm., length of carapace 7.7 mm.
Distribution. — Southern California, deep water. The type, an ovig- erous female, was dredged off Santa Cruz Island, in 266 fathoms (4/ba- fross station 2948). A much smaller female comes from off San Diego, 417 fathoms (A/atross station 2928).
LAR
ais 41. Py speech) brach tation 2928. a. Side 4 7; 6. *Chela of first pair (x 5).
SPIRONTOCARIS CAMTSCHATICA (Stimpson). Hippolyte camtschatica STIMPSON, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XII, p. 33, [102], 1860.
Belongs to the gaimardii group.
Female.—Rostrum a little longer than the carapace, shorter than antennal scale, nearly straight (or slightly concave above), horizontal, armed with 4 or 5 teeth above, the ante- rior tooth at about the distal third, 1 or 2 teeth on carapace; upper limb very narrow, disappearing anteriorly; lower limb deepest a little in front of the eye, and tapering distally, armed with 4 to 6 Sidéof carapace (<2). Petropavlovske teeth; extremity acute. A strong antennal, a very small pterygostomian spine.
The antennular peduncle reaches about two fifths the length of the antennal scale; second and third segments very short, the second a little the longer; the thickened portion of the outer flagellum extends to the terminal third of the antennal scale; the inner flagellum reaches to the end of the scale. The spine at the outer base of the antennules reaches to, or nearly to, the distal margin of the second segment. The outer margin of the antennal scale measures nearly as long as, just as long as, or a little longer than, the carapace; its spine falls considerably short of
the laminar portion; the peduncle extends to the end of the second
DECAPODS 95
segment of the antennular peduncle. The outer maxillipeds reach a little beyond the middle of the antennal scale; the first pair of feet to the end of the antennal peduncle; the second pair midway between the maxilli- peds and the tip of the scale; the fifth pair to the end of the maxillipeds.
The third segment of the abdomen seen in profile is evenly rounded; it is laterally slightly compressed; fourth segment without spines; the _ sixth is less than twice as long as the fifth, and also shorter than the | seventh, which has 4 or 5 spines on either side.
Male.—Smaller and more slender. Rostrum longer, sometimes ex- ceeding the scale a trifle, curving upward in terminal half, armed with